OLETIM COOPERATIVISTA

Transcrição

1 CPERTIVISM É DE I N I C I T I V PPULR E M T U D. TD ELE É EDIFICD PEL CTIVIDDE DS CIDDÃS LETIM CPERTIVIST R E D C Ç Ã Ru Cruzir. E CRDEND D M I N I S T R Ç Ã : 1 - Tlf. NTÓNI L i s b - 3 N. PR 119 / Publicçã SÉRGI ind 41. Di Mundil d Cprçã SETEMBR mnsl - / 1963 Distribuiçã grtuit d mrgm sul CPERTIVISM HERNÂNI (d rcnt f s t rgnizd lvd f i t pl n ó v l ms prgrssiv Cprtiv «E s p r n ç d V i N r t», n psm di 7 Julh, p r cmm r r 41. D i M u n d i l d Cp r ç ã pis s s s ã sln rlizd n Cprtiv Pv Prtuns, n di 13 msm m ê s, u t r prctds fctuds cm p r p ó s i t n ã d i x r m clr pssgm dt f s t d st n p r mis 174 m i l h õ s i n d i v í d u s, tnts s ã s cprrs splhs p r t mun, sgun n ú m r s rspitnts s ó s prtncm r g n i z ç õ s cprtivs f i l i d s n l i n ç Cprtiv I n t r n c i nl, cm s m Lndrs, rm-m prtunid v r i f i c r lg nv surg n m v i mnt cprtiv nrtnh, cnsntmnt, n p r t u g u ê s. Ms, rm-m t m b m ns rcnhcr, p r s t i n g i r n í v l «c p r t i v» s utrs pvs urpus p r f l r só nsts p r u m q u s t ã f i n i d c n t i n n t l f l t dr m u i ts pssds. Cp, s RDRIGUES Mquinists Fguirs) V I S T PELS SEUS C P E R T I V I S T S FERNND S fst, v i v i d sntid n u m cnvívi cmunictiv, ppulr, c n t r i b u i u p r d r mis u m pss m f r n t n c n s c u ç ã d f i n l i d d cprtivism, v r i ficn-s c m p r ê n c i crt n ú m r dirignts cprtivists lvd p r ç ã sscis cprtivs, msm n ã s v r i f i c u n s s s ã sln, n qul, s n ã f r p r s n ç u m mi d ú z i dirignts, u t r mi cprtivists u m r z á v l n ú m r snhrs, s rrs cnvids p r dissrtr sbr s i g n i f i c d d dt s cmm r u ns q u t r cnts Glb, f l r i m qus smnt p r si p r ó p r i s. É vrd. N ruz sts plvrs p clhr-s u m signic. l g u n s s mis r s p n s á v i s r f i r - m s dirignts, n ã cmprcrm. É cnslr, n ntnt, v r i f i cr l g u m cis s fz p r i m p u l s i n r lvr sistm p r l u g r lh s t á stin n nss p í s. N «Vi Nrt» xpusrm-s cnt. 12 (d ctivid gm MTEUS Pins) cprtivist n mr- s u l T t r v s s u m p- r í d r n v ç ã, m s l i g m s c n t r l d l v ç ã cnó- m i c u m â n s i n t u s i á s t i c t r b l h pr u m prgrss scil v á l i d cn- c r t, s q u i s s m n i f s t m ns váris i n i c i t i v s l v d s cb n m i r i ds c p r t i v s, q u r s u b s t i t u i n d s p r c s ss d i s t r i b u i ç ã rns trdicinis pr m- u t - s r v i ç s, r rlizn n c m p d p r d u ç ã x p l r ç õ s scl i n d u s t r i l t ê m cm b c t i v p r i m á r i í n d i c h i g i n - s n i t á r i s rspctivs prduts. Est vlrizçã cnómic cmp- nhd, nlgs cprtivs, p r rli- z ç õ s c r á c t r s s i s t n c i l s l i d rid hn, q u s p r c t m c m u m u t i l i d d x t r r d i n á r i n v i d s c p r d r s, n u m d m n s t r ç ã c p r t i v i s m ó u m m v i m n t cntudmnt dignificr mrl ltruíst, tn hmm cntribiur su b m - s t r pr scil. h r p r s n t, n n t n t, r v l u m p r b l m, sn g r l, n ã p r t n c

2 SSCIÇÃ DS I N Q U I L I N S c p r t i v i s t, nss vr, u m c n c p ç ã q u v sr u m r l Dircçã ss trnscrvr tigs pr su s- rfrênci s sttutáris dministrçã stisftóris, tu qun n crr cit sbr çã, trduzid tic» s fit, _[_^ rltóri cm fct Dircçã muit imprtnt s, n ã s ó p r s sscis cm t m b m p r p v d s t l c l i d d, v ê vltr ctivid ú n i c i n d ú s t r i pssui stv p r l i z d h á t r ê s Durnt cmpnh ns frm l b r d s p l C p r t i v q u i ls z i t n p r t n c n t s 172 s ó c i s, cm vncimnt m d i 168,9 l / T. ciz m d i 1",1, c n s t i t u i f c t i n d i t n r g i ã. T d s s cmprrs f r m u n â n i m s m f i r m r zit st c p r t i v u m s m l h r s pís. F i t r i b u í d c m b ó n u s s ssci- qun s intrin- prstçã rinm lis s bctivs ds mpnhds prduts s spírit, pns n cm fini ltd ncr d lg quis slints sã s mis, n Códig Cmr- d bcr ningum cnómic rlc cntst ms, scid intrss vntgns durnt n, frncis higin m cntrári cpitlist, nã pr ms s sscis m srviçs bs ps, s prsnt, êi scid r s u l t d x r c í c i mir rltóri cprtiv? d mrci, qulr mis ssciçã 'Nturlmnt ctivid d crctrístics v grênci vzs sim s ufrirm u prduts cndiçõs u ind, m prç, bns cidtu- Bltim Cprtivist rgist s bns rsults btis livicultrs cprrs d cm pls Vidiguir. s sócis N mi CPERTIV cns BNHEIRENSE ntu m 1962 qus 73 cnts, í n d i c d s n v l v i m n t d s t p q u n c- p r t i v. c n s u m t t l t i n g i u sm 905 cnts p r x i m d m n t n ã f i mir pô pr lbrr scçã durnt Vrific-s ind vinhs msm lg nã n. snvlvi- m n t n s c ç ã f n q u i r, c u r n t b i l i d d m l h r u m d p r m t d r. Frm tribuís cm r t r n s Rltóri grcimnt mis $00 sscis. finliz cm u m vt Cmissã DS M Q U I N I S T S su d ppulçã utrs fi Lisbnnss mr cnsults Bltim snsibiliz. Cprtivist tm cmpbnhi- rnss rgurm su scid sud-s p l s u p r s i s t ê n c i c r g m. 2 bltim cprtivist trduzid urídics, s nú- nm D 11 D PESSL EMPRES CRBNÍFER D DUR R cbms R l t ó r i d grênci 1962 t m á m s c n h c i m n t prcur ntr cins r n d i m n t ds S p t r i c N ã f i p s s í v l l v r f i t n n 1962 s i n s t l ç õ s m i n h m i l h, d P i x r i m b i ç õ s s cpr- rs sprm mlhrr Pã, cm vid. bctivs su srã s quis N ntnt cnsguis, Rltóri, s d i f i c u l d d s i n d n ã f r m v n cids n ã s ã m i s p t n t s s i n d ó m i t s vnts rtiv gvrnm Pssl d Cp- Crbnífr Dur. T m s t c p r t i v si i n u s t m n t m impsts c m r á r i s Prt, pis n in- Câmr n v n u l u s snj Cprtiv pr c n t r i b u i ç ã i n d u s t r i l l tcnic d xcssiv, Culturl tr n ã sist cp s bns c n s u m, p õ lh 1." n 2." i n s - l Rlçã cisã m r l v c ç ã d C m i s s ã sss vist su d fi- lfitri. ut-srviç, ntávl pr l s m l h r m n t s c m s mnstr prgrss xmm prmt distribuiçã T m b m f i xigid Cprtiv mtiv pr C n t n c i s C n t r i b u i ç ã Um s ntávis cnsir rclmu Impsts. srviçs prsts l v d cb n ã s ó n B i b l i t c cm p l c p r t i v f r n c i m n t n u t r s sctrs c u l t u r i s, c ç ã ss q u biciclts pdl mtrizds culminu scis, cm clóqui rliz m c m f c i l i d d s s s- pgmnt 19 D z m b r, n f i p r f r i d, p r p r ç rduzi, tnn s grns Eugni d i s t â n c i s sprm Mt, spcts plstr Gris crc s Cprtivism $00. D u r n t n s ó c i s p s s u 627 p r Sn s t scid prgrss sfrç ncntrm rgist númr 676. cprtiv b ns vnt mis vi só s cprtivs. S u d m s p r ss s f r ç v n t d s cprrs M i n h Dur. s trblhrs P ã l c l t r b l h. r t r n d i s t r i b u í d s sscis f i lr n h d s f r ç s c p r d r s pr cnt. clctu D i r c ç ã 1962, n su m n t l i m i t d, p r iss, t m m i s v - m u i t ns tã-puc d ssciçã si n g d r c u r s n cmpnhr sctr nm tâncis. s- prsntr, cçã Inquilins nã cngnrs. E FGUEIRS DS C M I N H S DE FERR m p r s t m su x p n s ã n t u r l - tiv, srvm, nã bst qul ppulr cívic, nturl, scids ssim, lmn- cprtivs mi D M I N H E DUR Bltim cpr- cnmi s cm d ducçã cncbr ligds Rlçã C p r t i v i s t, pl intrss d d i c ç ã mvimnt signific s cprtivs, pms d v i d s, m b r i g u r c r r r p r cm divulg d pr- cçã l. d mlhri crrspndi sprvm lvçã pl, tnh ntnt, t n ç s, ms CPERTIV psitiv nã clctd s i m p r t â n c i $00. przr prxl- - cpr- cil. Ms - btn- s n vid sr, fst strnhr grênci, tm pr sl CPERTIV imprtnt cntcr cprtiv ts nunc scids s cprtivists, rltóri t cprtiv scis. c n t g n h s p r d s snt ds cprtiv. n ntr quil «sint- «rrdinhs», cprtiv prtnt tiv, rltóri scid s cnt c m p r L g r d V i l F r - cn- dministr- lucrs. muit, stc st b u frncimnt b n tribuíms bm Nã sr mnt, cncl rr sscis, çã rsults scid ttlmnt D V I D i G U E I R pr cnts mútu lgl cm bstit, d pi fim s fundmntlmnt s GRÍCL DS 0 L I V 1 C U L T 0 R E S "v T su g- vm nrmlmnt, nã cmrciis, CPERTIV ris, prsntçã cr sm srviçs bri- cntbilist Cm r- s fç scmnt scid, tcnic rltó- qulr fzr prágrfs gm Rltóri n prsntçã grênci cmçr-s s ss imprtiv xrci trt «Zí nrml, ri dl txt: pr s Prc-ns, vr N ã rsistims, pr ssim pnsms, guint cnts cprid cnts cprtiv, gstríms gnrlizd. m prstr-lhs missã ds v l n su s t r u t u r u m l t n í - prsnç P st R l t ó r i d G r ê n c i 1962 r - cncpçã vir rênci. Muits, vl tóri mndt, sscis LISBNENSES su Dsms tmbm s ntm stblcimnts cundári, filhs rgistr subsídi s qul, n qui sócis nsin n frs f i s u p r i r 25 íj. crc Cprtiv 82 distribuiu rtrn cnts. S u d m s s c p r d r s P ã c m u n g m s n s sus s p r n ç s n grncimnt gurm. d Cprtiv r-

3 CPERTIVS DE M U L H E R E S sts cpítuls ctivid PÁGIN smpr crscnt. cnslhm s ns cs Ests cprtivs mntêm rlçõs m u i t i m p r t n t s c m g r u p s m u l h - N s píss i n d u s t r i l i z d s, cm r s r u n i d s t m b m m c p r t i v s cs d R p ú b l i c F d r l l m ã, cns prnt cnsir prsnt-s lmã, inúmr, scncrtnt m cns- n stá cd vz culd m prid, rlcind sr sclhr mir difi- qulid cm pr- prç r- cintí- língu n Hlnd Escndiávi. lizm-s f r q u n t m n t ncntrs s difrnts grups s r- ntr váris píss. U m r i v i n d i c ç ã c r c u m p s i çã p r t i c u l r sprd trminçõs n cs n ã d s d pls c p r t i v s Grã-Brtnh cm ntm gns cnstntmnt t msm tm s sus gvrn prsntmnt m britânic pssibilid d c r i ç ã cnsirm u m t r b l h c t i v c n u n t cm s utrs r g n i z ç õ s f m i n i n s xistnts «Crt n R p ú b l i c F d r l, s s i m cm c m s r g n i z ç õ s f i c i i s «c n t r l» r - lmãs t i g s c n s u m s s i s t ê n c i s m u - c n s u m i d r s. s c p r t i v s c n s u m Pl c n t r á r i, p r c u r - s c r i ç ã cnslh u m p r d n c s» u m c m su vr lhrs. c n t r l ds c p r t i v s m u l h r s f c t c h m r m t n ç ã s sus mmbrs p r ^kcriçã u r g n t ncssid d m d i d s p r t c ç ã c n - ^^sir, mds d n t r st â m b i t, s «Cprçõs mulhrs» pss cm mis l r l i z s n ã tds s fminins Frl; s pl mns qus t d s s c m p r s f m í l i lmãs c n s u m, c n t m h c m mis d i s m i l h õ s m i f m í l i s cm sus sscis, sã r m ptncil g r n d v l r n l u t pls i n t r s s s cnsir. sts Cm mmbrs inscrits fminin, criçã sã mt sx lm «Cmunid ds cnsirs», ssciçõs qul r g n i z curss p r f r m ç ã m m brs dirignts dircçã c t i v s ns s trblhs cnsirs. m u l h r s d i r i t pr- t i c i p r c t i v m n t ; l clcu u m m m br cnslhir n dircçã d scçã p r i n c i p l ds m u l h r s d n t r d s S i n d i c t s Uniã lmãs. u t i l i d d c t i v i d d ds cpr- pl g v r n f d r l, s s i m cm p r m u i - instruçã mulhrs pssibilid sbr cns bss c d vz m i r s. E m qus t d s s g r n d s c p r t i v s c n s u m l c i s frmrm-s grups mulhrs, s q u i s, p r u t r l d, s r u n i r ã m cp r t i v s r g i n i s, t n d su r g n i zçã principl n «C p r t i v m u - l h r s d s s c i ç ã c n t r l d cpr- t i v l m ã c n s u m». N n 19G1 h u v n d mns 22G0 r u n i õ s sts c p r t i v s mulhrs. curss s tms grups sts discussã, runiõs, s quis t m b m s t ã b r t s s psss q u n ã mmbrs ds ssunts cprtivs, v ã s p l í t i c, cnmi csir, dustril, prblms trtm ts u t r s r g n i s m s tri frl pr cultur ficiis. minislimntçã, f l r s t s, s s i m cm gri- tmbm m i n i s t r i f d r l c n m i c r i r m «unts c n s u m i d r s» ns quis l d d p u t d s f m i n i n s s ncntr tmbm cpr- u m rprsntnt ds t i v s znulhrs. Nst u n t, p r xmpl, s r ã t r t s d i s c u t i d s s f i t s p r á t i c s ds lis rgulm s gnrs limntícis c r t s l i s r f r n t s s g n r s l i m n t í c i s, s s i m cm s r s p c t i v s trvs cprçã prçs. c t i v i d d n ã s ó ns r g n i s m s f i c i i s p r i v d s q u s c u p m c m s int- cnsir, t i n s t r u ç ã sbr s l i s s t ã s u - mulhr prnt Cm sbr p s i ç ã d PREVIDÊNCI D runiõs cmplmntrs ds c p r t i v s r l i z m - s l i ç õ s sbr cz i n h sbr s c s m t i c s, s s i m cm t m b m x p s i ç õ s m d s p s s g n s mls, xrcn-s tmbm sbr n ds r s l u ç õ s p l í t i c c n ó m i c, l u g r f m í l i m g r l r- trblh csir m p r t i c u l r. S ó h á puc t m p ministr f d r l s ú d, s n h r dr." S c h w r hupt, rcrru s prpsts ds cp- rtivs fminins pr xtnsã ds m d i d s n f m n t s ú d,, u s n d mã--br fminin ds ns cs n r s l u ç ã nvs crts st sbr ssunt. «Tribun». (Trnscrit C P divulgçã vist Lurnç M r q u s n." Cprti- 11) L E R T CNSUMIDRES nós nã sfms prfgis cnfr: s trynts d luç. tâncis utilizs n lvgm E m b r n ã cntnhm tnt prig incntstávl vstígis p r q u s s m i s t u r m c m s limnts sã s plástics. bs s rsins ds mtris s ã t ó x i c s, ms purs plástics nã á msm n ã cn- tc c m s p r d u t s s i n c r p r m nls p r lhs d r m i r m l b i l i d d, tmbm cm s s t b i l i z d r s n Rltóri t ã útil Cnts d 19G2 n mi frrviári. distribuiu subsídis B m h pl slidrid s utiliz- ç ã p l á s t i c s m m b l g n s p r - duts limntrs u n u t n s í l i s c z i n h fbricçã (clhrs, rcipin- ts, tc) c r i p r b l m s r l t i v s s ú d, tl mnir n mric l m n h su us s v r m n t lmnt m n rgu- ( s b r t u d q u n d s ã uss mblgns g r d u r s limntrs, p r q u sts p d m d i s s l v r c r t s c m pnnts ds mtris s smlts. plástics). Ests c n t m Suíç, s rtigs chb. (czdur in- smlts submtis u m prtd s rótuls fntsists. sã fisclizçã. s sign- çõs «100 % p u r», «100 % n t u r l», «q u lid s u p r i r», n ã crrspnm t s vzs n v l r t t l 1146 cnts. r i r v l. u p i g m n t s lhs d ã cr. t r d u z - s ns l i m n t s. P r st m t i v, REFRMD d s t s s c i ç ã s s t m mstr N l u ç p r á g u l i m p pis d l v g m. n Rcbms subs- d i r c t m n t t ó x i c s, s ã n n - insuficint), chb librt-s FERRVIÁRI grênci dirit. S su f b r i c n ã c u i d d i t s s r t i g s c n s u m c m r c i, ssim cm t m b m snvlvimnt s l u ç õ s sss i n t r s s m m p r i m i r cnmi tcnlgi i n - n s n ã s t m p r c u ç ã p s s r s i g n i f i c t i v d s n v l v i m n t d i n ds criçã u n i ã s i n d i c l l m ã cncu s cprtivs t i v s m u l h r s t m b m f i r c n h c i d impr- tnt Tmbm rprsnt s cprtivs m u l h r s d ã u m c n t r i b u i ç ã lmãs rgulrmnt mulhrs, pr lmnh rsss s c n s u m i d r s, s diss, sts r g n i s m s p r t n c m t m b m cprtiv fluênci sã d DS G P E R D R S ssciçõs u m spcil mis s- m n t s r u n i r m t d s pis t m ncssid. s c p r t i v s grups têm frntmnt sts p r b l m s, ç õ s f m i n i n s s v á r i s ssci- ch- N r l i d d g r l m n t d n cs cup m m b r «C í r c u l c t i v ds scis m u l h r s», n q u l ssncil- u m m i s s ã m u i t i m p r t n t spcil. ns m u l h r s. tir- cnsirçã s - r- n pr s tigs, tnt t r b l h sbr f i c q u s ã s u i t s s d i f r n t s Rpúblic Frl lmã nutrs píss píss x p r i ê n c i s i n f r m ç õ s ú t i s, z á v l. R v i s t s t ê m m i s s ã d r cnhcr s x m s c r á c t r utrs C m f i m s r l i z r t r c t n t u m n t t i p s d i f r n t s r t i g s ns ssim cm t m b m mui- vrd. frrviá«dpt L Cpcrtur, d Blgic* bltim cprtivist 3

4 EMPREGDS D C P E R T I V f c i l i t s r l ç õ s g r n t c m s órgãs dministrtivs. pssl c n t r t d l b u t n u m cprtiv, mis tit bm s hil fctr êxit sã crts ntnms cpítul grnt pr lgds funçõs, cm v i t l p p l smpnh m pn m grn sucss u f l ê n c i d m p r s ; ix m trn qul gir r g n i z ç ã i n t r n. su m i s s ã lg d i f r n t d g r n t u m sís. P r i d i c m n t v p r s n t r dircçã n clrz s i t u ç ã quis s mdids d v m sr s sus v xpr d cprtiv m su instru- v i d i n t r n d cprtiv s i g u l m n t sr trnscçõs Pr p d m sts sguint instruçõs d Funcçõs rnt rintçã qul, ntr tcnic d su dministrtivs c ç ã, pss m i s p t g pr rintçã grl u smnt cidir gir. finncir grnt v rtids sr fctuds cr v rnt dr s v rns sr trblh únic pssl distribuiçã ds g- ntid prcr dircçã st^p uvir grnt. prtmnts. vm sr ts psss c m bns c n h c i - mnts cprtivs n ã só p r sbrm cm c t u r, m s t m b m p r prm m grnt tm s rlçõs mntr ducr cprtivmnt cprrs prmnnt vm sr (D E X T E R N S cnstit própris cm m cntct; lm psss hnsts, s stã diss - pntuis trblhrs. trfs. t r f t n t du sclrci cmptnt; prnt pl s m p r g d s u m c p r t i v - udr rgnizçã indiví- mprgs s fisclizçã. cmprs prçs. dministrçã. s d m i n i s t r ç ã ds lh d ts su sbr s ã dds, n ã sr m r l t ó r i s, s c r i - fiscl. pl t r b - Rlizçã n ã v, fzr lh fcid d i - pl m n s bsrvçõs sclhr-s s r l t ó r i s P r r i n t r s t r f s su pssl, pl mns v cntbilid bm rgnizd v g r n t v i s i t r d i r i m n t t d s c n t r l r r c p ç ã stblcr P r smpnh tc.; v p r c d r d i - cnslh d m i n i s t r ç ã. N ã p, u rspnsbilid s r i m n t s c r i t u r ç ã s l i v r s u c m s i n s t r u ç õ s d d i r c ç ã ; t s u v r b i s, d i r i g i d s cnslh s cmplt; rgnizçã p i n i ã vm u fcturs, s ó v c n t r t r pssl pis ncssid- cprrs. Cntbilid s f i n s p r v i s t s pl criticr ds d c p r t i v s s s mlhr d i r c t i v s s u b r d i n r s c m p r s s d i s p n i b i l i - s frm ntndm; cnslh f r m x c u t r s d i f r n t s s r v i ç s f i m t i n g i r r c ç ã c ç ã cnslh Vid prticulr qunt cprtiv grnt r s p n s á v l q u l q u r spct d v i d c p r t i v ; p lit g r n t n ã p t m r d c i s õ s r l tivs rfrênci fácil s sr grênci: tr sfr dt; rlçã 4 s t r m d i. c r á c t r g r l f i m n ã n t r v r m inicitiv ss d c u m n t s u s t i f i c t i v s t i s cm chs, INTERNS: vm simpls, 2 prmitir funçõs smtizr-s s ã, f i m dircçã 3 r f r i r - s t d s s p r ç õ s u xtrns s cprrs. frm: intrns cb, s sus p t r õ s. cntbilid 1 sr sbr p r cd m l h r c m p r n s ã ds g r n t d discrt fctuds su s sus u s u á r i s xistnts cm- v: tmds. i n t i r r s p n s b i l i d d, f r m c n tntr spss t t l ds cd m m b r. ntnr ç õ s d d i r c ç ã m s m t m p r i n tr ds rcbr, t u d i s t n su c n u n t, m mprs p r t i c u l r, v i s t t r s g u i r s cnts g r n t v t n d r t d s s cprrs l td m m n t, d i n h i r m c i x, p r s v n d s, t t l ds c n t s p g r cm prt, cd p r d u t s rcbis g- pl grnt, síd ds plvrs rltóris brvs rsm t r l n d s p r ç s, r c p ç ã di- scrvr cntbilístics s p r d u t s v r i f i c n d q u l i d d s Um livrs c t i v i d d d c p r t i v i n f r m n d - n s, su r s p i t. É u s t s l i n t r d i f í c i l s sir cm mlhrs frncrs, cn- pl cnvnint lgs cns- mprndimnt. nls rcçã nst funcinári, imprtntíssim rênci, slccinn i n f r m n d d i r c ç ã sbr q u m c n - vz ncssids s c m p r d r s. D v c n t r l r s c m p r s v n d s, rnç cm: CPERTIVISM vulgçã Eng."-gr. ( p n t m n t s D i - Hmr Frrinh Lu- M r q u s 1961) n ã s v scr, c n t r t á - l, cmptênci hnstid i n s t i m á v i s m r c m s r s cnvnintmnt, mprg, s ã bns s rmunr- mbr m l pg, mu smpr m i s c r q u l q u r m p r g d cm- ptnt mis m b r st u f i r s l á r i v grnt tr d bns su prstr xplicr-lhs r z ã VIST ds sus ci- PELS SEUS 1 0 CPERTIVISTS s õ s t r t r ts i g u l m n t, n ã p r m i t i n d br ns n r m s blcids s b m smpnh v CPERTIVISM lv. Pr cprrs t n ç ã t d s s s u s r c l m ç õ s, -ls missã pl v crrnt sbr m p r s s c p r t i v s, m l d s pr prcr su r g n i z ç ã i n t r n ; cmissõs JESUS CRVLH Pins) mntê tu q u n t s pss cnhcimnts D E (d dircçã dministrrs smpr GUMERCIND st- m dminis- t r ç ã c n f i p r vzs c r t s t- N cprtivism implicitmnt s c n t m u m v s t m u n d i d i s p r m i t m s t r u t u r r v i d d t l r g n i z ç ã cnsist n r g i s t c u i d - r f s prticulrs m grnt scid ns sus m i s d i v r s s sctrs, s t d s s sus d c i s õ s, m n t g m v p r s t r t u x í l i cm p r x m p l, s c t r d cntbilid, r p r t i ç ã fr dr. rgnizçã bns dircçã stm d l h cil, mrl, culturl, N cprtiv dls cnsrvçã infrmr prvntur nã sgurs. grnt sb pssívl su c n t r l. g r n t v z l r p l s t r b l h xpriênci s mts cmrcil lvm s trfs g r n t s p c i l r l v m n t r d i n d i s p n s á v l s cm slccinr Dntr cprrs pr mrc cntbili- dministrçã cntrl d fi- c á c i cmrcil, i n d u s t r i l u f i n n c i r d su mprs; c r í t i c s s u s p i t s. P r u t r l d s ó s r s, cnhc m l h r l t u r f c t u r livrs s ç ã ds cuss s sus insucsss, rtigs s quntids prcur cr 4 bltim cprtivist cm mis slccinr s gsts b s vnt ciss pl c r - d - r s, c p r t i v i s m m P r t u g l c n t i n u m r s m á t i c cm t qui. Muits sntir-s-ã gr v l i d d st tnts firmçã, n- prm s f i z r m p r q u v ê m s p r b l m s c p r d r s, sb sclhr s f r n c d sb mis vr n r m n ã m p r f u n d i d d, n r i z. rgnizd cmprs, prism pr m rr bm m l h r s t i s f ç ã ds ncssids s cnslhávis rlid, h limin cntbilid inspir cnfinç cnómic-s- tc. pm i n f r m r u m dministr- C l r n ã s n g q u s cpr- t i v s x i s t n t s u t r s s f r m m pr- nã p r g r i d m u vnhm trf cm d c r r r s t m p s. M s s b m s m i t i n d - l h s ssim r n v r su s c n s c i n t s r r s t n t r l i m i n r, prgrdir

5 MUND CPERTIV q u i s s c n t m «s u p r m r c d s», ÁUSTRI dirctr d Scid pdri, 18 f r m á c i s 7 inclui tlhs. nunciu brtur m r c d s» pln 3 d i v i d n d m n t ê m - s ns 8 % h á m u i - zn l r 8000 n v s f m í l i s i m i g r n t s, ns «supr- 22 nvs ctulmnt t s ns. C p r t i v V i n, s r. t t S g m i s tr, d u r n t n E s t ã m c n s t r u ç ã m i s 4162 r s i d ê n c i s, f - I S R E L P r f z r f c s ncssids r s u l t n t s d i m i g r ç ã, p r - prt u m p r g r m cmunids ruris. Ministri uxíli stin d gricultur cm c d ê n c i prstu 500 hctrs s t b l c i m n t s d u r n t n g r m c n s t r u ç ã ds c p r t i v s p s s r m r v i s t c t i v i d d c- l d i, M s h v, b r n g u 3569 r s i d ê n c i s irrigds. CNTBILIDDE s t á x i g i r s i m p l i c i d d c l r z prtiv l d Scid n n dirctr ssinlu 5,6 % v l u m ds rltiv- f i N t á v l t i t u í d p r psss c m i d d s i n f r i r s 0 ns, 8 % b i x s 20 ns. Mvimnt Cprtiv u s t r í c f i «ut-srviç», há stblcimnts 12 ns. ctul- m n t p s s u i 200 s t b l c i m n t s M. cir- c u n s t â n c i 52 % s f i l i d s sr cns- p i n i r n b r t u r sm- GMES BRBS T «cntrl» cnómic finncir n s u cs c m r c i l u i n d u s t r i l, n ã p d r á dispnsr xrcr l s u m b c n t b i l i d d. cnfi fisclizr. Nã funçã s p ltmnt nlisr p t r i m ó n i d u m m p r s sm l u z d u m p r m i t m n ã só rmzngm xp- b c n t b i l i d d. P x i s t i r, n t r t n t s i ç ã u m m i r v r i d d r t i g s dministrçã cm p u p n ç ns g s t s c m pssl b bixs tmp. pr rsultm prçs mis m á n x i s t cntbilid, ind nã p r pssívl, u m b d m i n i s t r ç ã s c n s u m i d r s. puc hvr cm u m cnt- bilid ficint. ) CNDÁ D utri sr. Midmr, dirctr d «C n t r l nd m J. F. Mrtgg Husing C r p r t i n», f i public f i n s 1962, u m r l t ó r i cnstruçã css m sbr rgim cp- Dvms n ntnt f i r m r, v l r d u m b c n t b i l i d d n ã r s i d n g r n d n ú m r l i v r s mnts; ms lnç- n rm, n simplicid s- É p r c i s t r m m n t, m d g r l, s c p r d r s s ã mns f m i l i - li r i z d s c m s m t d s c n t b i l i d d rltóri, finncir brng çã rsultnt gvrn cndin, b r c p r t i v c n s t r u css U n i d s n n Eurp, ns Ests pss d i s s i p r s Pss su cmprnr sus dúvids. scriturçã s ã s c c i n i s t s ds cpitlists. Ess mis Q stud cprtivism viv m c n t c t c m s c p r t i v s cnhc ncssid u m c n t b i l i d d c l r f i c i n t m qus t d s s cpr- t i v s. Sb, d m i n i s t r á - l s, c n f i n d p n s ns l u c r s q u su n m stnt, u m p r i g. É m s m n v g r sm b ú s s l. s r s u l t d s b l n ç p d m trzr silusõs dissbrs. d mrgm sul í,: 1962 v l u m CPERTIVISM VIST PELS SEUS CPERTIVISTS xclusivmnt s cprtivs nmdmnt s d mrgm sul Rfir- pr m u t ç ã ds m stblcimnts cprtivs g i n d 1035 m i l h õ s c r s (crc c r i ç ã s p ç s c n ó m i c s m u i t í s sim mis vsts cmplxs, vi clcá- criçã, p l cprtivs, primir ss vz, 1's 2000 m i l h õ s crs ssinlr t- ntu ultrpssu ( c r c i t psss, n r m l m n t r i t m s nvs cncits, qus s m p r sm s t - Cnslh Suprir Rginl incrmnt b n c á r i «n d l s b n k n» Cs l g r v, m L i s b, r u niu-s p r lcinds prcir sugstõs cm m l h r i d r- prduçã Mvi- D p i s t r si p r c i d blh sr. tcnic scrári crs Sus P n t s d f n d u c r i ç ã m i l cnts), Junt M n u l Srs, p r i m n t u u m n t 250 m i l h õ s cm d ng." J s tr- mnt R u r l Cprtiv. Su c t i v x( milhã d c m r c i l i z ç ã s f r u t s l g r v. t r d i c i n l r c ç ã s sctrs u l t r - rm m i l h õ s m i c n t s ). Ntávl cprtiv fruts scs dircçã ds c p r t i v s. S l i r m s st f c t m i c n t s ). m n t n t g r l ds v n d s p r 14 % T. tcnics cndiçã P R J E C T - S E N L G R V E v n d r t l h, u m n t u 1 1 %, t i n - ds 1 -l m f c : f l t t c n i c s d i r i - DINMRC E m c, > mprss Cndá. qutr milhõs d cprtiv. g n t s l t u r s s u m i r m vnds trrs n c l r z c m ls s ã f i t s. t u d i n t n s i v l v d cb c m u x í - rtiv. Est r d s f r m m i r i s cprrs l p r t n d l h n t s. s s t b l c i m n t s st g n r cnstruçã ns l n ç m n t s. E l s d v m sr s c r i t u - m n t u m n t f i l i d s ( f milirs) 1962, nt vnds, trrns d N c i n l ds runiã, rm ctulizçã ds sus própris pr frmçã q u d r s dirignts c m u m v i s ã m p l s p r b l m s cprtivism. ssim srá pssívl rfs crirs t- bslts i n d i v i d u l i s m s f r m d. nã fzm vluntári) s ã, m su H á q u l i m i n r s ú l t i m s r d u t s i s l c i n i s m c n ó m i c ds c p r t i v s ; d d J u n t N c i n l ds F r u t s d J u n t urg tr U n i ã Cprtiv bst- filiçã C l n i z ç ã I n t r n, c n s t r u i r u t r s c d r ds c n d i ç õ s i n d i s p n s á v i s rmzns rlizr m i r i, p- ns scids c m, p r x i m d m n t, 100 f m í l i s p r t i c i p n t s. csirs, i n t r n s x t r n s ; 2." C m u x í l i prt ( stiúnculs d u t r s d c n c r r ê n c i s c m r c i n t s scids Cprtiv Ncinl m s stèrilmnt b c t i v d : 1. D f n d r p r - Uniã cnsids cnlizr s n r g i s m s q u i n h s i m p r d u t i v s, b i r r i s m s cprtivs mntlids cprtivs clbrrm pucs pr impr- t n t í s s i m r l i z r, p r c d - ntóni sscis ds c p r t i v s t ê m u m t r f r c l h s f r u t s l g r v i s, q u l t r i H L N D s prdutrs Fruts, f r ç d s, cn- m i r i s l h õ s crs m i l h õ s c n t s ). dr. t i n g i n d ss m d t t l 1150 m i ( p r x i m d m n t cinc cprtiv sr. t i n g i d, chgms clusã únic x- pr rclh, industrilizçã vlr mdi cmrcilizçã s f r u t s scs, c u nul suprir c p ç ã Scid E T S, E i n d h - c n t s ; 3." D i s t r i b u i r pls vn prdutrs s cnstruçã m i s u n i d d s cprtivs; cprtiv pr sus b c t i v s ; i m p õ - s industriis ncssári ds ppulçõs sscitivs. ducçã f i l i d s m - t r b l h d r s l g r v i s crc v i m n t, n u l m n t, crc 40 m i l h õ s cnts, p r n,, c t u l m n t, f i c m suficintmnt frts pr f l r i n s ( u n s 330 m i l c n t s ), n m ã s n u m r s s m i s g r s s s p r d s. S ó n c s s á r i Est brng clc m p r i m i r l u g r n t r s sci- intrmdiáris. s p r s n t n t s ds c m u n i c ç õ s f - difíci cprtivist tm r m f i n l m n t ncrrgs r t l h i s t. su p r g r s s t m si cns- p r c t s t u d u m C p r t i v N tnt. lm F r u t s scs l g r v. u m t r f p r cd u m. 26 m r c r i s, ntr s s s b r i r s n ã p r c m t m p s r g m ds c p r t i v s h l n d s s c m r c i l b r r licrcs suprtr c u s t su b r ç d su i n t l i g ê n c i. cprtivism h á lugr pr bltim ts cprtivist 5

6 Dr. JIME RS fi hmng pl Cprtiv Pins N f u n d ç ã, h á zns ns, d i s t i n t g r n S n t n m d i c - v t r i n á r i cnclh S i x l, pss Snt su b r ç, n t m s b n d su s b r cnári Dr. rm p s s d d m i n g 14 J u l h Cprtiv su Mrt Pins, untu Q u i n t d r g n, m Crris, lguns sscis sus milhrs lgçõs muits sbrtu intligênci c p r t i v s L i s b d r g i ã, n u m prnt f s t c n f r t r n i z ç ã, i n t g r d ns c m r ç õ s 4 1. " D i I n t r n c i n l d Cprçã. N ds c l b r ç õ s, prnt sus lvs crçã hnrris inustiçs ts snsívl, udr próxim, c r á c t r p r f i s s i n i s d r. scn critr incmprnsõs. Jã C p r t i v Pins, m gst q u m u i t turá d Q u i n t d r g n, n m n t u u m nbilit, p l mnstr public- viári m n g m E x. " ' " S r. D r. J i m n c i n l h i g i n i c l c t i c í n i s. Nuns á d Rs, lgr sóci hnrári. s D r. Jim hnr m Rs, nss ntrirmnt cu rnl miz s su ml f m n t u Pi- pcuáris m n t g r t i d ã s t i m, p r s t u h ntóni s- Bquinhs. g, c n v i d u s u E x. " " m i s v n ç d s, s i n s t l ç õ s mss Mngul Jim Gm, p ô r m d s t q u d d i c ç ã h m n - tm ns, d s n v l v n d, s g u n d s m t d s qulids p r v i t d v i s ã l r g s c r p s d i - ns d psss, lts P r s i d n t, sr. n t ó n i P m b, pis últims sscitiv 3000 l u v n d s Rs, s sscis srs. J ã crrr m Us- ct cmputd Rs. cuidr mis multidã gr-p- d d p l v r, r l ç n d s i g n i f i c d r c t i v s d i m p r t n t C p r t i v Cntr Nuns smpr sm u luvrs, Jim dicdmnt Ns curs s M r t C r r i s, nminr-s xplrçã lápi su pós E s p s s- 1 m á r m r prp- br. intrminávis clmçõs, dr. J i m Rs m simpls cmvids plvrs grcu Flicitms Pl su p r f u n d t r b l h f i c i n t hmngm. Cprtiv Pins, s c r i f i c d c l b r ç ã, d c i d i r m, s- pl su n b r x m p l r c n h c i m n t scis ustiç. tiv, dircçã d ppulr hmngá-l cpr- d n d su n m (...) (in Tribun Pv) * CM P N H cmpnh cmpnh INDECISÃ U DESINTERESSE cprtiv, vist «Bltim Cprtivist» xrc iis cçã prmtr dirit imprtiv s lbrd srm sus cm s mirs cmprndis bctivs, prpõ fund tnt srviç sprnçs mis t pludis ingávl s nl vlr Dircçã d UNICPE, cncn- cntrm-s, s há muit, m n- firmu JÃ MNGULDE BQUINHS s pr Scid C p r t i v Pins, r - s própris cprtivs cnsist m s l v u, m b librtá-ls V. E x. " d n d st c n u n t xigid d psd smpr trf tnhm circulrs, c n v c ç õ s Nã, mrg, prtnt, lhs distribuir rlizçõs bltins intrns. crt sm vrificms surprs, liás insignificnt lh vss hr, nm. n ã fz prtnr pgr Prm, n v. É iss s r i hmngr stu snti muit impssívl. lh Tu númr rspsts mncind circulr, s n h r d u t r t m f i t p r n ó s t l n g c i n c u sis ns, t m si t n t gr rcbids. Rgistms, n n- tnt, ls nã dã su intir nã há pi nã há s bctivs d circulr vêm sldr srviç distribuiçã «Bltim smtóri Cp- sscis. miri buí-l tri- pr prblm cprtivism t ã nrm nã há plvrs, chg dívid tã grn cm miz. E m i z d, stu m c r r, s m p r ds cprtivs só sbms u sintrss mgn titus, hmngns cprtivs á t ê m rgniz su pr ts s prtuguês, u ms c m g r t i d ã su u t r t r i b u t ) pr st rspn- ( s n h r nunc' q u i stms, n s t fst, cm mis sincr rcnhcimnt m nsss c r ç õ s, m b r s i b m s, cntrr mi simpls rápi stis- incisã fzr msm tmp dirit pns s lgis, ds f r s s f i t s, t u d t r n - indiscutívl pss fz vnçr nã stgnr. Incisã tnt s i t ó r i cm p r ó p r i v i d, q u c n t cpr- mns cmprnsívl, qunt vrd in- q u f i c s r á s t b r g l r i s cidir l sbr ssunt i n t n ç ã, b l h u m n i d d, c m tds indispnsávl s cprrs snvlvimnt tiv. Rfrim-ns, cm s nsss litrs m s dr pucchinh pss d p udáci nã p sr p r l m d h m n g m, s sbm, distribuiçã «Bltim Cpr- cus str fr cprtiv s tivist» mns gri! pr ts s filis ds Cpr- tivs c-prpritáris st rnl. s sscis grups nsts msms cppr cntribuin, cnsir, imprtnt srviç distribuiçã circulrs cn- Cnstitui l dirit insfismávl rtivs vluíd qunt mis vcçõs pls sscis. Cprtivist» pns cm «cus nã s finncirmnt, pr «B - suprflu» ltim» prtugus, pns pr s pr dizr s publi, brigm-s cnsn- mvimnt tmnt, pr cm ts s sus filis, tms rnl fzê-ls frç. bnficir igulmnt É impssívl su s- cmprnr prt s sscis s prvit l, rcbn srvir «Bltim s mlhr qunt rcb. tribuiçã. É, pr utr l, mdid indispnpr (> b l t i m fzr prgrdir cprtivist rgnizçã cm dizms nss m i r s, cprçã tms puss Cprtivist» xist srvi-ls-á pr tnt mis mpl fr su dis- Prnt iss nã p hvr, d sr st tã b m d snhr mst lv discurss, utr, grcimnt cm vss m r p l nss I n s t i t u i ç ã s n h r n di fliz visitu pr ficr fim bcr vz d s u g r n d s n s i b i l i d d n s c u p r q u i l s ó s grns cprtivs «B l t i m», utr prt n ã, pr nã sávl d stndrt. b r s s ã f i t s p r sri l m diss nã s p ncrr «B ltim ( Estms crts, nqunt xistirm xmpls iguis s V. Ex." nã há rzã pr s scrr n hnid! circulr há mês nvid s cprtivs, Qunt nã hvr ind rspst d s nsss prcupçõs, m prticip SR. DR. J I M E NUNES D RS! gstã. Nsss rtivist» il d cprçã mlhrmnt ds rr crçõs sã cpzs: Cp- sm s p r r b n f í c i s mtriis! S n h r d r. D s c u l p - m p r sts lvrs, ms s s p r f r i m s p r b r m s ls, i n d q u ps- sclrids prt ds cprtivs, nm sintrss nm sm r t, t r d u z m s n t i r s s ó c i s incisã. st cprtiv, pl mns sntir

7 .: : v r d d : D r. J i m Rs V:>.v.: : : nunc c b r u p l su t r b l h m i s pn rmunrçã. cmpnsçã sntr Stisfz-s mrl br ns prfit, cm pr- mlr ind mis i m p r t n t l u c r t i v. s sus h n r á r i s t ê m si t g r, c r t z t r b l h pr s Il ust, hn, lgis rcbis, m n t sus clgs bl, prticulr v i s i t r m s nsss v i á r i s... s sus v i á r i s! E n f i m ; m s í n t s d m i r á v l cnsguims z lid sávms: mis vst micmp- tênci». Pr n ã ns ssist d i r i t nm tms s m s s r V. E x. " s s i m c m ts s m i g s prsnts, vms t r m i n r. n t s p r m, pns m i s dus lllllllllllllllllilllllllllll N mmnt m, discursv Sr. ntóni Pmb plvrs: Snhr sr tins dls cnhcm p r t t m T n t r, m mi d ú z i frss, d r.! Sms dls t u d, s m p r, p- crditáms crditr n cn- Hmm, s h á css q u ns l v m, p r vzs, m Cs. x p l i c r D r. J i m t m si m m n t s d s â n i m, f i c r m s p n - ns p r nss I n s t i t u i ç ã, s r i t r f lizs ncssári, i n g r t p r s t r n r i m p s s í v l t n - g m x m p l s cm V. E x. ' ns p d i m s d s c u l p ns c i t r m s v - t s s ã s s r v i ç s l ns b r i g m, c m l g r i, f z r s ms l r scrvms, p r i n c u m b ê n - prst. M s bst st p l p i t n t ^ i 9 vss Pr cçã nã rptirms f v r st crrrms pr risc ulgrms tm cm s sus imprfiçõs, surpzs cnt. 11 c i d D i r c ç ã 19G0 n B l t i m cmm r t i v d C p r t i v q u n d st f z 67 ns xistênci. «Pucs, nss Jim sim, m u i t s pucs cprtiv ntóni pr sócis cnhcm d Dr. N u n s d Rs. s - s nsss sscis pussm f i c r c m u m i d i r s p i t st i l u s t r m d i c - v t r i n á r i, i m p u n h m - s m i d ú z i p l v r s sclrcrs su r s p i t ; pl- v r s c n s t i t u m s i m u l t n m n t u m simpls ms gm st mrcid Bltim hmn- cmmrtiv, m u i t m b r s i b m s ls i r ã frir nturl mdsti d u t r. P r á, s ó snhr sms su s n s i b i l i d d ns pr. M s n ó s sms c p r t i v i s t s, p r iss msm, Ms hns grts. vms t r ç s lrgs, dizr q u t m si m su c l b r r cnnsc, b vnt clbrçã, l i á s mis sintrssd pssívl. su c ç ã, cm n ã p d i d i x r Ili sr, m n i f s t - s n nss Q u i n t n, sb s u d i r c ç ã t c n i c, cnstruírm s h u m mtiv mlrs s viáris, r g u l h p r Pins. l s f i c vn, p r tnt, br ímpr n H M gnr. E l b r u t m b m u m s i s t m sttístic, prfit, mrn, 2Ht su u t r i, ns p r m i t s b r t u d sbr s p s s i b i l i d d s l u c r t i v s r f r i d v i á r i. S r á i n d sbr s u g i d q u s h â - d d i f i c r s mrns stábuls s q u i s s- g u n d ns d i z r s p c t i v p r c t f i c r ã r i v l i z r cm m l h r q u n g n r x i s t m P r t u g l. Hmngmi Dr. Jim Nuns d Rs scrrr d láril bltim cprtivist 7

8 n EDUCÇÃ E ENSIN Cprtivism ns Univrsids mricns Prf. LSZL Whshingtn Ns píss VLK Stt Univrsity n u m l g i s l ç ã sp- c í f i c sbr c p r t i v i s m s t á m v i g r, c u r s s i n d p n d n t s n s i n m ss m t - pr frcr prtunids p r b l m p r s n t r g n i z r c u r s s m p r g s p r sus l u n s u s ã i n - v n ç d s c p r t i v i s m, m - f l u n c i d s p l f l s «s l g n» s n u i s u t r s m t r i i s qus cprtivs s ã r g n i z ç õ s n t i - m r i - nsin. c l á s s i c cns, s c i l i z n d d s t r u i n d r i g i n l Schrs (Ecnmics f Cprtivs M r - sistm k t i n g» 1937) p r s t u xclnts sr- d livr mprs d mric. l m n u l B k k n Q u n d sss p i n i õ s f r m c r r i g i d s, v i ç s d u r n t u m q u r t s c u l, mir n ú m r sgt. l u n s ds fculds Pr s curss c h r á ú t i l f r q u n t r c u r s cp- (ducçã grl) muits prfssrs rtivism. l i z m dus brs r c m p u b l i c d s : «R - Ess situçã n ã cnstitui prblm pr brhnsn «mricn n s c u r s s sbr c p r t i v i s m s ã Cprtivs)) (1961) p r J r r y frcis p r i n c i p l m n t ns m b s cnstit l i t u r qud cprtivs dispsitiv stá lgl ds cnsubstnci f d r l sbr n cprtivism scls c i ê n c i s c n ó m i c s sciis, m m u i t s ( C p p r V l s t d c t 1922) bs css ns f c u l d d s d i r i t. l g u m s sin. sss «Cprtivism t n t, s f c u l d d s d i r i t n ã f r - ntid cm Cprtivism» curss spcífics sbr lgislçã utónm cnstituírm cm «Institut ( u stus sbr cp- Vrkis. sbr c p r t i v i s m, m s n ã m n u i s n - p r i n c i p l m n t m lis stduis. N n- univrsids uti- Cprtin)) (1957) Scrggs Ests «sttus» píss ding in griculturl f r s E s t d s U n i d s, n q u l s stá univrsitáris r i, m u i t s vzs ns is s m s t r s. N s Unis, Smlhntmnt, nuári mricn» public s 1926 p l I n s t i t u t m r i c n Cprtivism, rgnizçã r t i v i s m ) cm u m pn quip p r nl lgs univrsids prminnts v ê m n s i n p s q u i s p r f s s r s u t r s cultrs f c u l d d s c n m i, c i ê n c i s c t u l i z d f n t i n f r m ç õ s p r dn C n t u d, ns uls sbr sss últims sciis, ncinl pr ducci- ns cprtiv. s c p r t i v s Ests Unis, grimis lis spciis, cm p r t d l g i s l ç ã sbr scids d i r i t, tc. T i s i n s t i t u t s p r p r c i n m mlhr s sus l u n s u m d i p l m rtivism. C n s u l t r J u r í d i c I n s t i t u t m - sbr c p r t i v i s m», pis u m c u r s n u á r i, d i v u l g s prcsss, s t - is q u t r ss m g r l. ricn Cprtivism, Juiz Lymn «stus ns. vist sbr lgislçã cprti- Flt studnts v á r i s fculds qus mnuis mtril nsin nnh curs m s t r l c m p l t sbr l g i s l ç ã rtivist ministr pr qulr vrsid s s- cpuni- Tmbm prsntds cp- Suplmnt sus discussõs crctrístics nts g r l ds E n q u n t x p n s ã n s i n cp r t i v i s m f r ds scls g r n - m i p r g r s s f u t u r, nss g r n d cm s b r s funçõs prátics plicm cmplxid d ciênci rspit xplnçõs tórics, stisftóri x- cp- prsntçã r g n i s m i n t g r l. cnsguint, t c n i c Pr c p r t i v i s t - v r á str intirmnt f m i l i r i z d cm s l m n t s b á s i c s t d s s t r ê s crctrístics cprtivism, qunt ncssitri, cd tnt u m p r s i, u m cnmist, u m sciólg u bchrl m lis. Expnsã nsin cprtivism cprtivism mricns ns nsin univrsids i n i c i l m n t ns f c u l d d s g r n m i. s studnts f r q u n t m c u r s s spciis prtivism sã rcruts c- n crp d i s c n t s v á r i s d p r t m n t s d f culd. Há usulmnt, pssibili- d l i m i t d c u s r i n t r s s g r u p m i r s t u d n t s mtrícul ns f c u l d d s g r n m i t m d i m i n u í d ns ú l t i m s ns. É rlmnt cmplic cnsguir qulq u r s t u d n t u t r s f c u l d d s p r tncnts msm instituiçã. Cntu, m u i t s f c u l d d s g r n m i r g n i z r m u m n v c u r r í c u l «d m i n i s t r ç ã n g ó c i s g r í c l s» n q u l cprm c m s f c u l d d s c i ê n c i dmi- n i s t r t i v n r g n i z ç ã nvs c u r s s. N n t n t, l g u n s m m b r s c r p d cnt ds fculds dministrçã ind t ê m lgs i n f r m ç õ s sbr rróns cprtivism. u crditm mi cprtiv msidmnt p- 8 bltim cprtivist LMD cr s pr- fssrs d p n d m sus p r ó p r i s p n - r t i v. N n h u m ds c r c t r í s t i c s i s ldmnt pri dr cprtivism. M s, p r t i c u l r m n t cm mncinds, cprtivs, n p su u s d cm f n t, t n t t - mricn. d n t u r z q u i s sbr C p r t i v s g r i c u l t r í ^ ^ ri d i r i t ; m s, s g u n d t m s cnhcimnt t gr ns c u r s s «G r u p T r b l h E x t n s ã Ps- S. H u l b r t f i c n v i d d f z r 2 u 3 cnfrêncis xplnçã N E G R E I R S «mi» Grvur riscd ditd pl «Grvur» Scid Cprtiv cm vidr crílic, s Grvrs imprss Prtuguss

9 t m n t s. T n d m v i s t s dints ( nsin cprtivism, curss cintífic) stã gr sbr m stági n t n d m s p n h l, p r g r s s mrn tri cprtiv n bm cmpst i Institut cncrtizçã sss c n d i ç õ s u tds pn i n t i r m n t u m f c t r : m p l i t u d d t n ç ã i n i c i l t ê m u m pn n ú m r l u - ns, d N c i n l L P l t, r g n t i n, pssm ditd c p r t i v i s m. S m u m c t i v p r t i - prblm m t r i l nsin p r p r i d n ã t ã gu. Cntu, prfssr trblhr rdnt trimstrlmit pl Prfssr intrss s própris cncr cprtivs n p r g r s s cintífic Dr. Eric E. Pnzni. U m rvist intr- cipçã n c i n l : «n i s E c n m i C l c t i v» m d, l scrv su p r ó p r i t x t p r t m b m p u b l i c d q u t r vzs n, n ul. m i n g l ê s, f r n c ê s l m ã. Ess n ã s t r n s f r m r á m u m p r d u t r t i f i - u m r n l spcificmnt cprtivist, cil xistin n u m vácu. pr, mis litrtur sbi, ricns, dint, Cprtivs» Univrsi- crt É curs Estúdis prcis Ncssid s prticulrmnt s cprtivs, mis âmbit cintífic univrsitári pln- psquis ficrá sm us m s u m g r n d n ú m r stus p u b l i - cintífic univrsids ds prgrm m- chmds cs m c d n ú m r s r l c i n c m (Trd. J.. tri (D utrs prblms c p r t i - Tcntis) rc-íris Jn.-Fv. l'jg3 n. 70) v i s m. F i f u n d d pl f m s P r f s s r «L n d - G r n t», t ê m u m cp cnt m u i t Edgr ficint m cprtivism. E n t r t n t, t d pl P r f s s r P u l L m b r t ns gic). SBRE C P E R T I V I S M DE C N S U M Tri prátic últims ns publicçõs n ã tms imprtnts quisr sbr tigs cmpêndis Smnt brvs cntribuiçã Bkkn stus, principl duçã» nss sintrss cintífic. r z ã t ã «p q u n s pr- ditrs cmrciis, n ã n c r m publi- c ç ã t i s c m p ê n d i s, p r q u n ã stfkriii s n ã p q u n s í d p r s s t u - d n t s clsss l i m i t d s. s publicçõs psquiss prátics prblms vism s ã ditds rgnizçã grícls prã vir s ns cprti- Ests Unis Cprtivs gricultur U n i d s ) n â m b i t ncinl sus árs sr rlmnt l fctivs ú t i s, s s r v m l g u m s vzs i n d i r c t m n t p r g r s s p r á t i c cprtivism. tri m cprtivism prátic. cl- v n ç d m cprtivism prgrs- s b l t i n s s «L n d ts cm principlmnt ( D p r t m n t s E s t d s N ntnt u nsin rlcins r ç ã r s p i t d i m p r t â n c i n s i n tcnics Srviç di(bl- prgrms n m i s l t scl, t n t m q u l i d d pl prátic. psquis s i v c i n t í f i c n á l i s s p r i n c í p i s n ã prudicm Grnt» rfrn- stduis, frcm principl significçã s n t i d p r á t i c m v i m n t c p r t i v. q u n t m q u n t i d d. s r l t ó r i s p u blics gr Cprtivism fundmntlmnt n u n c v s u p r r rltivs sbr (Gnbr) Shrs. cnstit lbr Milhud NT N nss x c i t n t r p i d m n t m u távl tmp, fcilmnt s instituiçõs gitds s pm sus n ã s t ã bm l i c r ç d s sr xistêncis n nss r- n i ã u m s m l h r s s i s t m s p d m n ã mirs págins. Ess s i t u ç ã squilibrd prv vint fv q u prátic s mricns nã viv sã m tri. l í b r i, n diz rspit cndiçõs crrid industril s sus p t r õ s f s st xcssivmnt, l d, cm r s u l t d bix. p r i m i r ncssid s stvm dispsts cmrcints ustificçã public m i n g l ê s, u m r n l su xistênci. cintífic crdit. C m m i r p r t s p t r õ s, r m ns ds sistm ls, implntu-s tru ssim clcv s t r b l h d r s i n d m i s d p n d n t s q u m s mprgv. cnsir t i n h nl tmp r zõs suficints pr s ixr. lm prçs lvs pls n ps q u l i d d. ps- cncdê-ls n tóric utr v n t g m t r m c m p r r s r t i g s p r á t i c, ms t m b m u m c l r xplicçã pri- sfrim sus l i m n t s, r, p r vzs, m n t t r c p r t i v s b m sucdids s d s m p r g r i ó d i c, s t r b l h d r s s- n ã vms n Pr gurr quilíbri, d nl nv snvlvimnt, t r p g r ss clcu c n ó m i c s sciis. C n t u d, p r ss- _ t m b m g r n d v n t g m v i r sn cintífic s nscis s c n f r m r m - s c m u m n í v l vid, v i s m c r d c m nss f i r m m n t r nss scid h u m n m q u i - buss s s b r t u d, s p r á r i s v i r m - s b r i g - u m xtns v l r msm n s r l ç õ s i n t r n c i n i s. M s s t ó r i c s c p r - cns cm industril, pndênci t i v i s m m r i c n m u i t s vzs p r c m Ingltrr rvluçã mir blir pi- rcçã Est u m g r n d v r i d d psquiss c m cprti- cprtiv n t r b l h d r s n u m s i t u ç ã c m p l t s xistnts. surgiu p í s ns c m ç s s c u l X I X. d m c t u l. M u d n ç s ns s i s t m s c n ó utrs primir rvluçã m i c s sciis p d m t r z r n v s i d i s cm trblhs BREVE ciênci c p r t i v p s s m s u b s t i t u i r s n - «Rvist À d prsnt primir tnttiv pr ngn snr st st ciss f i f c t u d c m êxit m 1844, p r 28 t c l õ s R c h d l, sbr c p r t i v i s m. «J r n l E c - s m i s n c s s á r i s p r i n c i p i s r q u i - nmi grícl» publicçã trims- sits p r l c n ç r u m r l t i v p r g r s s cns. trl, m ns city f Equitbl P i n r s», r cntu v i r s i n t r s s s d i r c t s s sus m m - tm stus citçã limitd cprtivism. pr «Ntícis cprtivism, prticulrmnt Ests U n i d s, s ã s p r Cprtivs g r í c l s» frc u m mpliçã s r v i ç i n f r m ç õ s c r á c t r g r l. cprtivism Ms mis lv; sm f i n l i d d t ó r i c. ctulmnt, há smnt 3 rnis cprtivism t d s c i ê n c i t r i c p r t i v i s m. tórics; lmã «Zitschrift f ú r ds Gsmt nsin ns ns instituiçõs c u r s s slintn gru dints s d s n v l v i m n t u m i n t r s s nsin p r f i s s i n l p s q u i s pssl mstrlmnt grn s univrsids, tivism. cpr- S u g r n d v n t g m s r t i g s p r i n c i p i s s ã g r sguis p r «cnns» rnscimnt m d inglês «Rvu frncês. s Étus Cprtivs)) ( f u n d d p r Chrls Gi n cmp ns cprtivist, s ó r i u t r q u l q u r ; m i r n ú m r p u b l i c ç õ s cintí- fics, prticulrmnt cmpêndis u- t r s m t r i i s n s i n ; cntct prmnnt cm institui- ç õ s c i n t í f i c s c p r t i v i s m ns p í - cintífic ss s tcnics lêm Pr strngirs prgrsss frncês. s studiss c p r t i v i s m quiss. «Rchdl b r s, s f u n d d r s d s t scid prtndim, sus s t t u t s «udr duçã, distribuiçã, clóni mstic S- cr pr ducçã c- cm s p r - gvrn, n bsrvçã l i t r t u r, nsin sus ps- u t s u f i c i n t int- rsss u n i d s, u u d r s u t r s scids stblcr sss cm m t r i p r i n c i p l, n ã cm cs- B r n r d L v r g n m 1921) f n t pr cprtiv u, p r u t r s plvi-s, stblcr u m tri- rsnl cncits Gnssnschftswsn» public m d r n s stus t ó r i c s sbr scid bctiv d m u i t m i s v s t. l m s sr- curss prtiv intrduçã cnhcis i n t r n c i n l m n t cm v- sguints: fundrm Pms dizr, su clónis. il cnsisti m i n t r d u z i r u m r f r m f u n d m n t l n rgnizçã d scid, dri pr rsult d i s t r i b u i ç ã mis quit t i v s v l r s ncinis. s i n t r s s s c n s u m i d r g z r i m p r i r i d d, á p r d u ç ã n ã s r i s i m p l s r s u l t d d c t i v i d d ccnt. 11 bltim c p r t i v i s t 0

10 l i b r d d c u l t u r, s d d i c v CPERTIVISM sivmnt N EGIPT E N JRDÂNI pl D Eurp, n d ns prf. r, DIS mric GUD d f i pssívl Ási, prcir v i d c p r t i v i s t d i s n ú c l s v i g r s s m v i m n t, pssms g r c h m d c n t i n n t n g r u f r i c n, s tmbm dlgs mnstrçõs v á l i d s st i d i u x í l i m ú t u h m m s p ô r m p r á t i c p r t u n i d d s lh ns milnári, v i f r n c r lmnts pr nss x p s i ç ã h E g i p t. T ms m i s : J r d â n i, M r r c s r g li, Dhmy Kni t lguns trritóris q u n ã s r g m ind sus própris, ncntrm lis pnn t s situçã pis píss s mis mndmnts mis rns xclu- lgdã. cm p í s t i n h ncssid pr vlhs n u s i m p l s clónis. Ms Egipt J r d â n i d ã f l c u l d d l v r t l s u g s t õ s r l i z d s s f r p s s í v l. Um tm- prt prvitávl st rgni- b m p r d u t s l i m n t r s, h u v z ç ã c p r t i v q u v m 1954 r m plnificr gricultur impr-lh d i - s r c t r i z s l g i s l ç ã n c p í t u l c h m d n t u - s n ã prim ximir-s rgnt váli, p mnts bnfícis d cprtiv frc sus cntrs pr ç s p ú b l i c s ds l d i s, s t r d s, p n t s, prduçã; ms l g R c h d l ; sclhis ntr s prpritáris b n f i c i u u m d l g d G v r n u n t d cp vrdir r n t l t cmit rspnsávl p- d r f r m sm l s s i n t l g u m m d b r i g d m c n s i d r ç ã s v t s s ts. u sbr-s n t r d n v l i g r á r i tr br prtir rtiv bri n x c l u s i v S ã sus t r i b u i ç õ s distribuiçã smnts, ticids tc. rn- quisiçã dubs, cnslh, insc- só rstn higin, dispnsáris, f r m ç ã ilinçã, rádi q u s t t u i u s m p r c p r t i v i s m srã lh, crtmnt s c p r t i v s b r i g t ó r i, c n t r á r i clássic prfitmnt d rsrvs prspctivs sr spct nvs r z s c i l : d s t i n v 1 0 % s r n d i - cprtivs. s m m b r s cnslh d m i n i s t r ç ã frc. H á q u i u m p í s, m i s qu smpr Ms, ss prfissinl, srvi- c i n m tc. sgun prgrm scls, s nsss nã s infrmçõs, rlizu C d vz m i s n q u d r d s n ind. rgânic E s t d, c p r t i v i s m g í p c i c n tinu sn mr instrnt diri- g i s m c n ó m i c p í s. Cntrst vizinh c m l q u s p s s Jrdâni, n n princípi d l i b r d d s p r nst sctr c p r t i v. Pr t i r r l n c s s á r i p r t i d, n Jrdâni, Egipt, c n t r á r i m s f z n hmm msm sm p r d u s c l u n s «D i á r i L i s b». F l m s, p i s, ls: E m b r c m m i s s c u l m i xistênci, muit prátic n t i g n d c p r ç ã Egipt. nã Crms CPERTIVISM VIST q u r n t ns, n ã h v i l i m u i t cis cnflit mundil, s grn rlçõs s q u s d s n v l v m su si, l - CPERTIVISTS m n t r s tntrms, spci ss? E cm s b t m prgrss l? rsults stisftóris á sgurs m c r t s p n t s G l b. mncip- m tu pln d i g n i d d. ds cprtivs, lv scurr tã i m p r t n t f i n l i d d c p r t i v i s m, u m vz l i d n t r h m m m n d hmm nã-cprtivist. E q u l q u r p r g r s s, t ã - s ó r d m m t r i l u qus, b t i d t r v s d i g l - mnt d i m n t n t r si s h m n s p r s i - sgund pdi Gurr pntr Mundil númrs stlr (1926) á nã s m nvr- s sus Prgrss stins. r d m m t r i l m s m g n h v m s m i l i t n t s n m s r l i z - ssim rs d i d i. Esss n ú m r s dã pr p l n t r c h q u m n t l i d d s t ã d i - c p r t i v p r d u ç ã, p r i m i r - v r s s n t r s i, s q u i s f l t, qus sm- m n t s stblcu, m i s u m m i l h r Em bti cust l u t r i g i n d t l clim, qun id tu SCIEDDE CPERTIV Cmissã gins Pr su drim Grvur prm, n limir c n f l i t cpr- trári ári q u clim suc, rcrutr m s i m n s s ncssids q u s u r g m d n - m m i r r i t m, s b r t u d su sctr tr plític p í s cnquistu fçm fc cprtivs. PIEDENSE Culturl st Cpr- ntávl br inicitiv f i inugurd Fir L i v r Prtugus Expsiçã rintçã culturl s sus m t r s c n s t i t u m u m ê x i t T m b m n d i 20 m s m m ê s t v u v n t u d s l v t n ç õ s ; v-s c p r t i v f i l g f i c i l m n t i n s - tl sm g s c r i t r U r b n T v r s tituí pr dr m ã rfrm g r á - r s u l t d s, n ã t n t s cm s r f r i d s gus, ri sbr «Litrtur ctivid clhrá uvntu, ms cntu dúvid ind bns bns rsults. vlvimnt cnómic prcurss cntr- pr, vrdir spírit cprtivist c p r t i v sri v i d d msm n ã msm d i x á - l v i v r livr- m n t p n d m c ç ã ts s sus r c u r s s m r i t s, s ã m u i t s. I n v c rm s utrids 10 b l t i m c p r t i v i s t lã, m rlçõs f i u n i f i c d r t d s cçõs ntr ds s cpr- tivs. S s h á m u i t n s h b i t u á m s vr pls cprrs rfrid Cmissã. prfriu cnstit Nl f i hmn- pis u m Prtugus Rdriplstr Cntmp- rân». n t ã p u b l i c d p r s t i m u l r snlr m- lugr utr sssã culturl prm- C m i s t n ã s p r t n d vid lgislçã pr- rc s m i r s f l i c i t ç õ s. d i f u s ã, p i s Pn f i m b s s E x p s i ç õ s r v l m xclnt prcr u m vst nscnt. n Cntmprân. t m b m, u n t s d u l t s, f n s m n t, lg ^fc) Expsiçã s b r t r r l h r s c u r i s s, st t i p d b r s G v r n s l n ç r m v smnt p r d u ç ã g r í c l. M r c ê d i n d p n dênci ds lmnts rgnizrá p s s d d i 18 g s t u m cu crênci, t i v, q u n ã m s m q u s u m u i t s u t r s p í s s, s d s n v l v u s ctulmnt n ã prmit, pr uvn- rlizn. d i g n s v á l i d s s c p r t i v i s m Fi, d vidmnt t i v crscntu mis lgs p á - rnts , pis l, q u n, t i p l s ncssids p r ó p r i s d su i d d. t n d t d s m i s u m m i l h ã s ó c i s m l h r s i msms, c n - chmd s c t i v i d d s c r r s p n d m s m ú l - dult sirim livr r i n t d, l p r si m s m viss, uvntu imns N cprtiv ls 1936, p r s c n s u m, 3 6 1, ss pdgógic. E m c n s i s t i r á t l s m n t i r p dgógic? M s m r s m m q u s v i v d n t r Cub s s i m vz c p r ç ã sr cnnm lut. p r f u n d smntir difr nts m d s vr-s m i n s t r u m n t d su c n h c i d n E g i p t m s g u i d l r g prticd; i g u l f t l i s m d P r t l st ciss s m d i - cçã cnsir msm f i q u h á u s d m n t p r c d r u m n u m p í s s f z i n u t r s i g n r v. m r cprtivs, É d n t r d c p r t i v m n c i - f á c i s, p r m i t i r m c n h c i m n t pis v i s f z r xp- instituiçõs p ç ã c n ó m i c ssci d v r i v l ç ã s p i r i t u l c n s q u n t m n t u m rimntr cprçã, hmns u m t n t m i s f r q u n t s m i s E Ui'^^ q u r ds scids, c n d i c i n d c u p r g r s s d v r i r s u l t r t ã - s ó d q u mrcss m n ç ã. N s s l t u r, t r m p r i m i r SEUS 4 n t s 1918, i s t, h á p u c m i s rprsnt PELS d prgrss, r ds instituiçõs, N p r s s g u i m n t sts r n d s c u l t u r i s t r á l u g r n p r ó x i m d i 5 S t m b r u m c l ó q u i sbr G r v u r d i r i g i d pl d i s t i n t r n l i s t F r n n d Prs, c r í t i c r t d R v i s t «Clóqui».

11 DR. J I M E RS fi hmng pl Cprtiv SSCIÇÃ DS I N Q U I L I N S d 7 LISBNENSES cm m u n d, u mlhr, dmissã intgrçã tivs n trn-s ctivids cntxt invstigr mis quis cnstnt ns sócis, sts s ds sus últims flr-s ns. d nss tntr nt bsrv bst, rptims, ppulçã, prmit, pl prblm mns, n pr- n cntct cm s sócis, rnt n vêm busc nss du- s m uxili. prsnt rltóri, crrspnr s pntáms, cm s sscis, qun stisfzr s su l trás sts pl pr prtnt, bctivs s cpzs vrdirmnt ntvêm tnt, intrssm ssciçã 7nissã d mir imprtânci. 0 cit, ntr utrs fcts i m p r t n t s, c ç ã su B l t i m, prc-ns ú n i c r m h á - d s l v r m u n d, r d m, i m p d i t i v s b m p r g r s s indispnsávl hmns! v l u ç ã f r t r n l s Snhr utr Jim Nuns d Rs! Estms nqunt V. E x. ", n ã h á r z ã iguis pr s s- hnid! C p r t i v s cnsnt b m s t r ds E p r q u t l st s p í r i t, lizmnt s mrc tm xtrrdinári lut, m m nss n m Cprtiv lmns, P mu prz m i g Snhr C p r t i v Pins, Jim n Nuns su tncinv su ssci Rs, fzn rprsntms, rndids grtidã, cm s sr. d r. lápi SBRE C P E R T I V I S M Pr n ã ns sr pssívl 1961), d i x r ns sscir rvl nrm s s c i ç ã p r s t nst pc cris hbitcinl. T m b m grn prstim srviç mnstr t ã mrcid ncssids «Rchdl Pinrs» filiçã n d c p r t i v s t v brt sci- ts. D i t u t r m n i r, t d hmngm. cnhcr p r i v r c m s r. d r. J i m stivss d i s p s t bcr ds Rs, d su c t u ç ã, t n t cm p r - rgulmnts sfv- f i s s i n l d i s t i n t í s s i m, cm c h f f - mmbr. sócis. mlí xmplr, ficu-ns crtz E s p í r i t intlignt m u i t cult, n mstr ind s n su clínic p r t i c u l r, cm n - d p r i m i r c- 1) rgnizçã sguints: mcrátic; d i r i t u m vt, ms prticulrmnt, sbi i m p ô r - s c n s i d r ç ã stim ms ts s q u t i v r m f l i c i d d c m l p r i v r. d i r c ç ã st p r su vz s t v m pl. I. L., f i r m n d : mnstrs muits ns, cm pr mis ritns» prçm, dis h pnt ssim, tr muits fícis prmit s cnduzm sb «pu- t ó r i ds ns nst Cprtiv, ms gum s trt rmunrçã mis s fim mmbrs tmp, s stã spci td, crps cm ignr, hnrz su lvd, ms s pss vr s sus dicçã ilimi- d i g n i d d, s m p r psts - cntribuí nin- d tm sbms scrifíci, scrisuits. Exclênci trvs su spírit sintrssdmnt cmpnsçã, l d libr- su pr srviç, muit á lv pr- muit gst s u d r. I. L. pls bns srviçs suprm utrid d scid r s i d i n s s m b l i g r l s m m b r s, qul tinh brigçã lgr bri- g d i n f r m r ts s ns ssmbli grl sbr s ngócis d cci- d. 2) s mrcris dquirids srim psts dispsiçã dint pgmnt vignts 3) n mmbrs, m- prçs mrc. s b n f í c i s ntr s i m d i t s n ã utilizs pr cpitl prtiv d sci- grss cnsnt n r i q u c i m n t d s t d, Instituiçã. m n t n t r s m m b r s s b r bs Um muit muit brig, puc pr grcr, tnts tnts b n f í c i s rcbis. trblh». Cprims c t i v i d d s S u cnhcimnts, qulr tribuíd sus msm xigir N ã ns cb n ó s n u m r r s m - há válids cprtivs, cnómics Nã sim, nã s ds xclnts cprtivist. rmunrçã grnts cncits, «ilists» sluçõs vist Impõ-s crts qul i m p l i c v n ã s ó cd m m b r t i n h t n t s v r i f i c v l t s p r b l bnnr tm m smpnh trts ds sus f u n ç õ s f i c i i s, sus p r t i v c n s u m r m s - vt trblh sri p r f í c u, tnt s cnvrtr-s s u t r s p r i n c í p i s str m p r s n ç d u m hmm suprir. pdi c t u l i z ç ã m f c v l u i r cns- «.Tms sim- d. I. L. f c t sscis. Rltóri ntnt s scid. scid g r ê n c i 1962 f i n d u c m n dirctmnt i n - stisfzr D c n f r m i d d cm s b c t i v s d cmprcr n ã quisms m p t i z s s c m s b c t i v s d s ó c i s, t n d si d m i t i d s n q u l 1841 nvs ilustr H á á b s t n t s ns t i v m s h n r quis pns 8 f r m u l g d s significtiv DE C N S U M t r t r t d 84 c ç õ s m t r i b u n l, r v l m n t s tã d psslmnt,»» cm cprr. m r c n s u l t s u r í d i c s p r p r t s trn mirs ds d x m p l r s s ó c i s, t i n g i u 5355 ( m i s 817 m nsss N T BREVE nómic, pr stri s nss vnturs. trssd qulids Scid scrrr prprid, xclss ss s pssl gstsmnt prsntms hmngns imp- Jã G m, t i v m s c n h c i m n t s rlc ctuçã t m b m t c r t p n t, n d l inf- mnti, mir s r. d r. J i m N u n s Rs, c i d d ã D N I E L L V E S C E L H xprss rcnhcimnt d lmns ds cngnrs pl br r l i z d pl Dr. Jcim Rs ds ppulçõs. c r t s, x i s t i r m xmpls crr n ntóni cs G n ú m r s c m u m t i r g m m d i pns- ds gnts, t n t i n d i v i d u i s cm clc- su n m, p r p r p t u r s v i n d u r s nú- tl d m i r i t i v s, r i g i n n d d i f i c u l d d s t d q u l d u r n t n 19G2 f r m p u b l i crscnt rrd d i s s r m s d s i l u d i d s. b n d d, h hmngr Rltóri Tdvi, mnt t m nd f r t r n s. V l p n sr-s b m, d i g m xpriênci btid tmbm bsds qui fct qucinr sugstõs prcurr hbitcinl miri m grl rzõs Nã d cris sntr ssci- ctivids ncssári ncssári rlizrms nss f ns sus i m n s s p s s i b i l i d d s cns 4) stms utrs Cprtivs, t m - rcnhcidmnt gr- distribuís prprcinl- fctud. S b r c p i t l s u b s c r i t cp- rtiv N ó s s ds bm rm pgri prcntgm fix, s sus m m b r s. s princípis pts pls «Pi- cis V. E x. " sr. d r. Rs, p r q u n - n r s» d m n s t r r m su u t i l i d d n i d i s D i r c ç ã x p ô s n su r l - tnms m i z d v m v- p r á t i c, sts p r i n c í p i s, t l cm c i m t ó r i t n d Pins s s f r ç s c n s i r s t r n s c r v m s, f r m m bs ds cp- t m r t i v s c n s u m t s nsss dis. p r s t i n q u i l i n t p b r pls dispndi p r ngrnci- m n t l, c n t r i b u m t m b m R G N I Z N D C P E R T I V S prsprid P R D U T R G R Í C L P R - D C N S U M I D R sus u cngnrs. disprss prpósit. n únic ctulmnt, bctiv principl nsss c p r t i v s c p r ç ã d v i sr, q u n t n ó s, c n u g ç ã v á r i s c t i v i d d s rntmnt X I M - S E ds pr srvir ds intrss c n s u m i d r. pbc- Trnscrit r'ctrc «Ntinl cndicinm êxit Cprtiv ds Rd» cprtiv*

12 d mrgm sul clhs, s g u n d p u r m n t NTÓNI (d N s últims D prári ns. distribuíds êxit n fmílis, fácil há- própri ssgurr Unicp, c p r t i v i s t q u s c n s t i t u i u ncinl. t i v s cpr- cns. Trt-s mir rgnizçã scl F z m s v t s p r s s i m n t n - u m d n s i d d c p r t i v dm t m b m s r s p n s á v i s p l d i r c - u m r i t m d s n v l v i m n t t l v z çã únics c n s u m, p r b m m v i m n t cp- m t d P í s, sts f r m tingis n mrgm s u l T. n ã sr s t r n h r q u s h á Dí mis s stins ds cprtivs r t i v p r t u g u ê s p r s t í g i q u urg grngr-lh. sul T. u m n s t n h c m ç d t n t r ntu númr s ó c i s m tds f r m ç ã u m U n i ã R g i n l C- pss nst snti s cns xistnts prtivs, p l s c p r t i v s d m r g m s u l T. prcsss f i m, n t r t d s s cprtivs nst rgiã. mrgm s r á c n d u z i r q u c r c 16 % t d cprtivism f r m pr s t p p u l ç ã s bstc n s Sixlns) c n s u m x p n d i u - s ntávl GRÇ t pr f i r m r frtlcr infrstrtur CPERTIVISM vist pls sus cprtivists prvisóri cns 1960, r s i d m psss, Mlhrrm s d i s t r i b u i ç ã, d s t c n d - s intrdu- ç ã u t - s r v i ç. E n r i q u c u - s trimóni crm ds imbiliári snvlvimnt culturis s sus ssistnciis. rtiv cns Pssl d quivlnt, cm á stá CPERTIVISM N EGIPT ctivi- p r d u ç ã q u s ó scl r g i n l s m s tr Sirurgi Ncinl. i n d s c n s i d r s m n t c n - d vrdirmnt l g n r viávl cm, E N JRDÂNI pr x m p l, p r d u ç ã p ã s p r d u - p r p r ç ã ntr pr cprtiv, pr- t s p s t l r i. prm-s primirmnt cp sr mprndimnts s á s m p r n d r Cprtiv q u s m s t r m c n s l h á v i s p s s í v i s p r u m r g n i z ç ã t i p p r t n d i d, Cnsti- tuiu-s, h á puc, m i s u m n v lg p r á s - n s r v l r q u i p r i m i r Cnh- p- l g u m s. u Dv ntr-s t l rgnism prá útil, ns tnt rsultr igulmnt inicitivs cráctr pr pssm rndimnt. dr N s nl cid, cultivrs ncssári sgun u n t f r m d pls cnclhs l m d, cnómic s trib, c l á u s u l c u r i s, «p r sr m m b r d u m Sixl, B r r i r, M i t cm ns d v m p r n d r n cmp cprtiv prcis tr f i t p r t d u m ms í xistênci cns, ns quis Mnti, 12 ntá- cprtivs culturl. sscis Sms stã p r t 9000 f m í l i s ( msm dizr hbitnts), mis f i n n c i r sindict, pis f i l i ç ã nst r g n i s m. s pnsm g ç ã s f r ç s c p i t i s n- q u n t q u m 1957 n ú m r f m í l i s scl r g i n l ; c t i v i d d s ds cprtivs ds c d giã; m i n d s sctrs d p r d u ç ã c r d i t «S r Nv» pr Frnn d F r r i r d tr mr cnstituirã sócis d rm s 80 %, n s p ç 6 ns. E s s u b r m s ns tr- cprtivs; m s, c p r ç ã Cst. H u v pis u m c r s c i m n n ú rginl r- s l m n t s n n rgnizçã cprtivs unifrmizçã sscids r m p n s 5000, s g u n d publics cnu- msms c n - s cprtivs s scl licrcs n- rginl indispnsávis p r p r c m p r n s ã d ii c p r ^ tiv. N cmp substituíd zçã grl chmd r u r i s nsinmnts tur sindict hbitçã, Irchd, d á h i g i n, ducçã, s gricul- tc. C n s t i t u í d cprtiv, nnh f u n cinári intrvm m sus r s l u ç õ s, G v r n m s t r u p r ls s u p r p r s s g u i r m bss s ó l i d s sn- pti v l v i m n t c p r t i v i s m c n s u m Dircçã tiv su rspit qun n M i n i s t r i rcçã sim- funu Dsnvlvimnt l d Irchd, ind 41. Di Mundil d Cprçã cçã p l u m r m r g n i - Cpr- s s s u n t s Sciis. á r f r i d, st prmv cnlizçã Di- sssõs stus p r f u n c i n á r i s d i r i g n t s, incbin pnts v i s t mis n ã s ã c n t i n u ç ã m u i t s pnsmnts scrits ts n ó s trnsmitis ultimmnt t r v s ds p á g i n s B l t i m Cprtiv i s t is d i á r i s d tr, d cpitl. tmp ds plvrs bnits, mis u mns burilds, á pssu! Estms v i v r u m p c m, sm p ô r p r t ncnt s rnts ds ciss bls t m dr-s p r i r i d d c ç ã, ist, f z r prcis, s v ê n c s s á r i E p c "vivms t m, i n f livlmnt, i n f l u n c i r bctivid s pnsmnts. _,,,.. Ts s rrs, dirignts cprtivists, d m n s t r r m f r m i n q u í v c h á f z r mis s t m f i t. Qu h á p r v i t r s mlhrs vlrs xistnts ntr Cprtivism. Qu h á p r m v r cp r t i v i s m scl ncinl sir d scl lcl m tms v i v i d cntinurms v i v r, s mir i s dirignts n ã s p r p r r cprtivmnt. Qu h á pr12 b l t i m c p r t i v i s t prticulrmnt st s- p r r bs ss p i r â m i d n g u n d r g n i z ç ã f u n d ç ã Chibs, ssnt cprtivism p r t u g u ê s r l i z ç ã c n f r ê n c i s sbr cp i l u s t r r - l h s fcs t cns- r t i v i s m, m i s s õ s q u t i d i n s n rádi g u i r u m v r t i c rprsnt p u b l i c ç ã r v i s t s c m Vz scl cprtivism ncinl, d Cprçã Clctivid. Nt-s, m s, u m crt clr E n f i m, u m c ç ã sclrcimnt^p 110 ntusism lguns, PUCS, cnslh, sm i n t u i t s d i r c ç ã, b n m i t pucs, rm cnduzir s t u d n d u c ç ã p l r s p n s b i cprtivism p r t u g u ê s scl H d d s c p r d r s. ncinl, p r i m i r, m sguid N V r ã J r d â n i c n t v i n t r n c i n l, mdint f i l i ç ã 338 c p r t i v s ds q u i s 226 g r í c l s, rgnism Cprtiv n g r u p n d m m b r s, 105 sts l i n ç Cprtiv I n t r n c i n l scids s t ã f i l i d s n Uniã Cp crtmnt Unicp ns rtiv Cntrl d Jrdâni,,, p r s u rprsnt ts. vz, f z p r t d linç Cprtiv, >? st ú l t i m d c i s ã, I n t r n l, x m p l d q u f i z r m fprn-s i m p r s c i n d í v l c n s c i ê n c i - g r n d n u m r m v i m n t s cp. f f cprrs r t i v s m u n d i n t i r. J r d â n i m u i t p r i n c i p l m n t s d i r i g n - m s t r - s, s s i m u m p i s p r g r s s i v ^s ctuliz 0 u m M s l l z r d t d 0 3,, r--r. -,.,, -. I BLETIM CPERTIVIST R U D CRUZEIR, 1 LlSB-3 ' D n l k l Cmp. r n Imp. n r c i ; r Gráfic B Nv, i ; L d. - R u lv Trg, 2- - Lisb