B razil F ocus D avid F leischer Phone/FAX: Cell: e mail: fleischer@uol.com.br

Transcrição

1 B razil F ocus D avid F leischer Phone/FAX: Cell: e mail: fleischer@uol.com.br GLOSSARY Symbols, Abbreviations and Terms used in Brazil (Expanded and updated as of 10 th June 2015) ABA ABACC ABAG ABAL ABAR Associação Brasileira de Antropologia (Brazilian Anthropological Assoc.) Agência Brasileiro Argentina de Contabilidade e Controle de Materiais Nucleares (Brazilian Argentine Agency for Accounting & Control of Nuclear Materials) Associação Brasileira de Aviação Geral (Brazilian Association of General Aviation) Associação Brasileira de Alumínio (Brazilian Aluminum Assoc.) Associação Brasileira das Agências Reguladoras (Brazilian Assoc. of Regulatory Agencies) ABB Merger of ASEA (Sweden) and Brown, Boveri (Swiss) in 1988 AbbVie Resulted from Division of Abbott Laboratories in Research based biopharmaceutical manufacturer.

2 2 ABC ABC Agência Brasileira de Cooperação (Brazilian Cooperation Agency part of MRE Itamaraty ) Região metropolitana de São Paulo (greater SP industrial region) Santo A ndré, São B ernardo do Campo & São C aetano ABCD Includes D iadema ABCP ABDD ABDI ABERT Abertis ABI ABIEC ABIn ABINNE ABM Associação Brasileira de Ciência Política (Brazilian Political Science Assoc.) Associação Brasileira de Defesa da Democracia (Brazilian Assoc. for the Defense of Democracy) Agência Brasileira de DEsemvolvimento Industrial (Brazilian Agency of Industrial Development) Associação Brazileira de Emissoras de Rádio e Televisão (Brazilian Assoc. of Radio and TV Stations) Abertis Infraestructuras, SA based in Barcelona ( Purchased Brazilian high concessions from OHL) Associação Brasileira de Imprensa (Brazilian Press Association) Associação Brasileira das Indústrias Exportadoras de Carnes (Brazilian Association of Meat Exporting Industries) Agência Brasileira de Inteligência (Brazilian Intelligence Agency, succeeded SNI) Associação Brasileira das Indústrias Elétricas e Eletrônicas (Brazilian Assoc. of Electric and Electronic Industries) Associação Brasileira de Municípios (Association of Brazilian towns and Cities) ABN AMRO Large Dutch bank acquired Banco Real in In 2007, ABN AMRO was acquires by a consortium involving the Spanish Banco Santander that took over Banco Real. Santander had already acquired Banespa, and is now Brazil s 3rd largest private bank after Itaú Unibanco and BRADESCO.

3 3 ABNT ABONG ABPO Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas (Brazilian Assoc. of Technical Standards) Associação Brasileira de Organizações Não Governamentais (Brazilian Association of NGOs) Assoc. Bras. do Papelão Ondulado (Brazilian Assoc. of Cardboard Manufacturers) ABRA ABRAS ABRACE ABRAP ABRAVE ABRIG ABRINQ AC ACC ACESITA ACM Associação Brasileira de Reforma Agrária (Brazilian Assoc. for Agrarian Reform) Associação Brasileira de Supermercados (Brazilian Association of Supermarkets) Associação Brasileira de Grandes Consumidores Industriais de Energia (Brazilian Assoc. of Large Industrial Consumers of Electrical Energy) Associação Brasileira de Prefeitos ( Brazilian Assoc. of Mayors) Associação Brasileira de Revendadores Autorizados de Veículos (Brazilian Assoc. of Automobile Dealers) Associação Brasileira de Relações Institucionais e Governamentais (professional assoc. of lobbyists and those who conduct legislative liaison and government relations Associação Brasileira das Indústrias de Brinquedos (Brazilian Assoc. of Toy Manufacturers) State of Acre Adiantamento de Contrato de Câmbio (bank credit operation, especially for exporters) Companhia de Aços Especiais de Itabira (Special Steels Company of Itabira, MG) Senator Antônio Carlos Magalhães (DEM BA) political leader in Bahia since 1954 state & federal deputy, Mayor of Salvador, Governor, Senator, Minister of Communications

4 4 born 1927, died 20 July 2007 ACM ACSP ACT ADA ADA Adbib ADEMI ADESG ADIn ADM ADR AEB AEB Aero Lula Associação Cristã de Moços (YMCA) Associação Comercial do Estado de São Paulo (SP Chamber of Commerce) African Coalition for Trade Americans for Democratic Action WTO Anti Dumping Agreement Associação Brasileira de Infra Estructura e Indústrias de Base (Brazilian Assoc. for Infrastructure and Capital Goods Industries) Associação dos Dirigentes de Empresas do Mercado Imobiliário (Assoc. of Directors of Real Estate Firms) Associação dos Diplomados da Escola Superior de Guerra (Assoc. of ESG Graduates) Ação Direta de Inconstitucionalidade (suit filed at STF by parties and other entities to challenge the constitutionality of acts, laws and decisions) Archer Daniels Midland leading corn ethanol producer in the US top grain producer and trading firm in Brazil American Depositary Receipts (receipts in US$ for stocks or bonds of foreign firms, issued by a US depositary bank) Agência Espacial Brasileira (Brazilian Space Agency) Associação de Exportadores Brasileiros (Brazilian Exporters Assoc.) nickname given to Brazil s new A 320 Presidential jet Aero Vodochody Czech aircraft manufacturer seeking to supply parts to Embraer

5 5 AFA AGN AGOA AGU Academia da Força Aérea (Brazilian Air Force Acedemy, in Pirassinunga, SP) New mining firm organized by Roger Agnelli (ex CEO at Vale) African Growth and Opportunity Act promotes Africa US trade Advocacia Geral da União (Solicitor General for Federal Government) AI 5 Ato Institucional Número 5 (5 th Institutional Act, December 1968) AIDS AIEA AIG Akaer AL AL ALADI ALALC ALBA ALCA Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (SIDA) Agência International de Energia Atômica (IAEA International Atomic Energy Agency, UN unit, HQ in Vienna) American International Group 18 th largest public company in the world until the US financial blowout, AIG was associated with Unibanco Engineering firm linked to Saab, manufacturer of the Grippen NG. Founded in São José dos Campos in State of Alagoas Assembléia Legislativa (State Legislature) Associação Latino Americana de Integração (Latin American Integration Assoc.) Associação Latinoamericana de Livre Comércio (Latin American Free Trade Assoc. LAFTA) Alianza Bolivariana para los Pueblos de Nuestra Américas (Bolivarian Alternative for the Peoples of our Americas) Hugo Chávez s substitute for CASA Acordo de Livre Comércio das Américas (FTAA Free Trade Agreement of the Americas) ALCAN Canadian aluminum firm acquired by Rio Tinto for US$38 billion in 2007

6 6 ALCOA Algar ALL ALSTOM Altice AM Aluminum Company of America US aluminum giant Founded by Alexandrino Garcia in Operates in TIC, Agro, Services & Tourism sectors. América Latina Logística Founded in 1997 with the privatization of Brazil s Railroads, ALL operates 21,300 Km of rail links in south central Brazil, as well as in Argentina French manufacturer of hydro electric generators and turbines Multinational cable & and telecommunications firm. State of Amazonas AMAN AMB AMB AMB Academia Militar das Agulhas Negras (Army Military Academy in Agulhas Negras, RJ) the Brazilian West Point Associação dos Magistrados Brasileiros (Assoc. of Brazilian Magistrates) Associação Médica Brasileira (Brazilian Medical Assoc.) Associação Municipalista do Brasil (Brazilian Municipal Assoc.) Amber Box Subsidies 30 WTO members have commitments to reduce their trade distorting domestic supports in the amber box [ yellow light, beware ] to reduce the total aggregate measurement of support (AMS). Nations outside this 30 nation group have to keep within 5% of the value of production (10% limit in the case of developing nations. Ambriex AmCham AMCI AMD Imports scientific instruments, offices in SP and BSB American Chamber of Congress (in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro) AMCI Australia Holdings PTY LTD (in March 2007, CVRD acquired this large coal mining firm) Advanced Mirco Devices large chip maker

7 7 AMERIPOL Comunidade de Polícias da América Latina e do Caribe (Community of Police Forces in Latin America and the Caribbean) AMR AMS ANA ANAC ANAPA ANATEL ANBID ANC ANCA ANCAP Ancine ANDES ANDI The Controller of American Airlines Aggregate Measure of Support WTO term referring to level of subsidies Agência Nacional de Águas (National Waters Regulatory Agency) Agência Nacional de Aviação Civil (National Civil Aviation Regulatory Agency) replaced DAC Associação Nacional dos Produtores de Álcool (National Alcohol Producers Assoc.) Agência Nacional de Telecomunicações (National Telecommunications Regulatory Agency) Associação Nacional dos Bancos de Investimento (National Assoc. of Investment Banks) Assembléia Nacional Constituinte (National Constituent Assembly, ) Associação Nacional de Cooperação Agricola linked to MST (National Assoc. of Agricultural Cooperation; fiscal front organization Operated by the MST like CONCRAB) Administración Nacional de Combustibles, Alcololes y Portland (Uruguay s national petrol firm, equivalent to Petrobrás) Agência Nacional de Cinema (National Film Regulatory Agency) Associação Nacional de Docentes do Nível Superior (National University Professores Assoc.) Associação Nacional dos Direitos da Infância (National Association for Children s Rights)

8 8 ANDIFES ANDIMA ANEEL ANEFAC ANFAVEA Anginhos Angra ANL Assoc. Nacional de Dirigentes de Instituições Federais de Ensino Superior ( National Assoc. of Rectors of Federal Universities) Associação Nacional das Instituições de Mercado Aberto (National Assoc. of Open Market Institutions) Agência Nacional de Energia Elétrica (National Electrical Energy Regulatory Agency) Associação Nacional de Executivos de Finanças, Administração e Contabilidade (National Assoc. of Executives in Finance, Administration & Accounting) Assoc. Nacional dos Fabricantes de Veículos Automotores (National Assoc. of Auto Makers) little angels nickname for first term deputies [ Freshmen ] never served in the Chamber before, free from sin City on southern coast of RJ state. Angra I and Angra II are current nuclear power plants [electricity generation], Angra III is planned. Aliança Nacional Libertadora Moscow line popular front (National Liberation Alliance, 1935) ANM Agência Nacional de Mineração first discussed in 2001 (National Regulatory Agency for Mining contemplated in 2001) ANP ANPEC Antaq ANTT Anvisa AOSIS Agência Nacional de Petróleo (National Petroleum Regulatory Agency) Assoc. Nacional de Centros de Pós Graduação em Economia (National Assoc. of Economics Graduate Programs) Agência Nacional de Transportes Aquaviários (National River Transportation Regulatory Agency) Agência Nacional de Transportes Terrestres (National Land Transportation Regulatory Agency) Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (National Health & Drug Agency) Association of Small Insular States (Associação dos Pequenos Estados Insulares)

9 9 AOL AON AOTS AP AP AP APAE America On Line, large US internet company British multinational that provides risk management, insurance and reinsurance brokerage; created in 1982, merger of Ran Insurance Group and Combined Insurance Co. of America - Assoc. for Overseas Technical Scholarship in Japan. State of Amapá Ação Popular (Popular Action student activist movement in the 1960s) Associate Press, news wire service Associação de Pais e Amigos dos Excepcionais Assoc. of Parents and Friends of Exceptional Persons APEC Asian Pacific Economic Cooperation founded in 1989 (Cooperação Econômica da Ásia e do Pacífico) 21 members in 2008 APM Terminals Container terminal group, began as AP Moller at Port of NY, now linked to Maresk Group. Operates terminals in Itjataí, SC & Pecém, CE Arapongas (during ARENA Brazilian slang term for spooks clandestine investigators linked to the SNI the military period), the ABIn (currently), or free lance spooks Aliança Renovadora Nacional (National Renovation Alliance, ) ARKO Advice Government Relations [lobby] group Murillo de Aragão, President ARPEL ASA ASA Asociación Regional de Empresas de Petróleo y Gas Natural en Latinoamérica y el Caribe (Regional Association of Latin American and Caribbean Oil and Natural Gas Companies) American Sugar Alliance Africa South America Summit, 49 African and 12 South American nations 1 st meeting in November 2006

10 10 ASEAN Assoc. of Southeast Asian Nations founded in 1967 (Assoc. de Nações do Sudeste Asiático) 10 members in 2008 ASML Manufacturer of computer chips/wafers Based in The Netherlands with branch in SP A.T. Kearney Andrew Thomas Kearney became partner in J.O McKinsey & Co. in 1929 and after several splits, A.T. Kearney was founded 1947 to become one of the top ten management consulting firms with offices in SP. ATPDEA AT&T AUC Avibrás AZTECA Azul B2W BA B&A BACEN Andean Trade Promotion and Drug Eradication Act American Telephone & Telegraph Auto Defesas Unidas da Colombia (United Self Defense Units in Colombia) Avibrás Indústria Aeroespacial HQ in São José dos Campos, SP (Brazilian aero apace industry, produces Astros II rocket launchers) retail store chain owned by Mexican billionaire Ricardo Salinas installed first store in Brazil ( Elektra do Brasil ) in Recife, in March 2008 AZUL Linhas Aéreas Brasileiras (new Brazilian airline) founded by David Neeleman (founder of JetBlue ) began flying with Embraer 190 jets in December 2008 Business To Web State of Bahia B&A Mineração new firm organized by André Esteves (BTG Pactual) & Roger Agnelli (AGN) Banco Central [do Brasil], BC, BCB (Brazil s Central Bank) Banco del Sur South American Development Bank concept presented by Hugo Chávez with support from Argentine President Néstor Kirchner (replace World Bank) BAD Baidu Banco Africano de Desenvolvimento (ADB African Development Bank) Chinese language search engine (similar to Google)

11 11 Bain Baixo Clero Bain & Co. founded in Boston (1973) by Bill Bain, a global management consulting firm. Took over SP office of Value Partners in lower clerics, some 400 little known, invisible federal deputies BAMERINDUS Banco Mercantil e Indústria, com sede em Curitiba, PR, BC declarou a falência deste banco em 1997 e vendeu para HSBC (Bank liquidated in 1997 and sold to HSBC) Bancada da Bala Pro gun caucus in the Brazilian Congress Bancada Ruralista Rural Caucus in Brazilian Congress, very powerful BANERJ BANESPA Banco do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (bank owned by Rio de Janeiro state privatized) Banco do Estado de São Paulo vendido a Santander (Bank of the State of SP sold to Santander) BANESTADO Banco do Estado do Paraná vendido ao Banco Itaú (Bank of the State of Paraná sold to Banco Itaú) Bao Steel BASA BASF BATS BB BBC State owned Shanghai Baosteel Group Corp. has joint venture with Usiminas Banco da Amazônia) (Amazonas Development Bank) Badische Anilin und Soda Fabrik (Baden Aniline and Soda Factory) German Chemical Co. the largest chemical company in the world HQ in Ludwigshafen, Germany & Florham Park, NJ Better Alternative Trading System HQ in Kansas City, alternative (3 rd largest) stock market in the US associated with Claritas BATS plans to establish an alternative stock market in Brazil to compete with BM&F Bovespa Banco do Brasil (Bank of Brazil) Bônus do Banco Central (Central Bank Bonds)

12 12 BBC BBVA BC BCE BCG BEC BEC BES BESC BH British Broadcasting Corp. Banco Bilbao Viscaya (Spanish bank and international financial services group) Banco Central (Brazilian Central Bank) Banco Central Europeu (European Central Bank) Bacilo Calmette Guérin (vaccine against crupe and tuberculosis) Batalhão de Engenharia de Construção ( Brazilian Army Construction Battalion) Banco do Estado do Ceará (bank owned by the state of Ceará) Banco Espírito Santo (Portuguese). Failed in 2014, replaced by Novo Banco. Banco do Estado de Santa Catarina (bank owned by state of SC, intervened by Central Bank, and acquired by the Banco do Brasil in 2007) Belo Horizonte, capital of Minas Gerais BHP Billiton Anglo Australian based mining firm BIB BID BioAgência BIRD BIS BlackRock Banco de Investimentos do Brasil (Investment Bank of Brazil) Banco Interamericano do Desenvolvimento (IADB InterAmerican Development Bank) Commercialization of sugar and ethanol Banco Internacional de Reconstrução e Desenvolvimento (WB World bank) Bank for International Settlements Switzerland The world s largest asset management firm founded 1988 by former Bank Boston

13 13 employees. Blackstone Group US investment firm associated with Brazil s Patria Bloquinho The little bloc of parties on the Left (75 deputies) PSB, PCdoB, PDT, PMN & PRB Blue Box Subsidies A WTO exemption from the general rule that all subsidies linked to production must be reduced or kept within defined minimal ( de minimis ) levels covering payments directly linked to acreage or animal numbers BLUM BM&F BMG BNB BNDES BNH Brazilian Land Use Model (Modelo Brasileiro de Use da Terra) used to show that ethanol is not responsible for Amazon deforestation Bolsa de Mercadorias e Futuros (Brazilian Commodities & Futures Market) Banco de Minas Gerais (private bank in MG, accused of involvement with Mensalão joint venture with Itaú Bradesco in July 2012 Banco do Nordeste do Brasil (Bank of the Northeast of Brazil) Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social (ex BNDE) (Brazilian Economic and Social Development Bank) Banco Nacional de Habitação (National Housing Bank, created by military regime in 1965) Bolsa Família Monthly income supplement (allowance) for poor families Bombardier Bope BOVESPA Canadian aircraft manufacturer competes with Embraer Batalhão de Operações Especiais (PM Special Operations Battalion) Bolsa de Valores do Estado de São Paulo (São Paulo Stock Exchange) Bourges French industrial/construction/real estate firm founded in BRA BRA Transportes Aéreos (Brasil Rodo Aéreo) was Brazil s 3 rd largest passenger

14 14 airline, began with charter flights and ended operations on 6 th November 2007 BRADESCO Banco Brasileiro de Descontos (Brazil s largest private bank) Bradies Brady Bonds issued after 1994 for emerging nations, at times called C Bonds (created when Nicholas Brady was US Treasury Secretary) BRASA Brazilian Studies Association HQ at Brown Univ. as of 2016 BRASCAN Brasiguaios The holding company that resulted from the nationalization of Canadian energy investments in Brazil [ Light ], became a major investment firm HQ in Rio. Brazilian farmers who migrated to Paraguay in the 1960s and 1970s in search of cheap land to plant soybeans, coffee, etc. Brasil Kirin Japanese beverage firm founded in 1939, acquire Schincariol in BRASKEM Brazucas BRB Brenco BRICs BROU large petrochemical firm in Brazil Brazilian immigrants living in the US. Banco Regional de Brasília owned by GDF (Regional Bank of Brasília) Brazilian Renewable Energy Co. Brazil, Russia, India & China a term coined by Goldman Sachs economists Jim O Neill in 2001 Banco de la Republica Oriental de Uruguay (Central Bank of Uruguay) BrT BSG BTG BTN Brasil Tele Com (large telecommunications firm in Brazil) Banco Société Générale (large French bank) BTG Factual investment bank founded by André Esteves Bônus do Tesouro Nacional (no longer used) (National Treasury Bonds, used to finance public debt)

15 15 BTUs BVRJ British Thermal Units Bolsa de Valores de Rio de Janeiro (Rio de Janeiro Stock Exchange) C 130 four engine, turbo prop military transport plane ( flying box car ) C&A CAC CACM CACEX Cade CAE CAF CAF CAFTA CAGED CAIC CAINDR Large international retail chain of clothing stores with European HQ in Belgium. Founded by C lemens & A ugust Bremminkmeijer in 1841 as a Dutch textile firm with 200 stores in Brazil (since 1976) Paris stock exchange index Cewntral American Common Market Carteira do Comércio Exterior do Banco do Brasil (foreign trade unit at BB) Conselho Administrativo de Defesa Econômica (Brazilian Anti Trust, pro competition unit, at Finance Ministry) Comissão de Assuntos Econômicos (Senate Committee on Economic Affairs) Corporación Andino de Desarrollo (Andean Development Corporation) Charities Aid Foundation produced World Giving Index (Fundação de Ajuda Pilantrópica) based in London hub of charity donations online, founded in 1930s Central America Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA DR included the Dominican Republic) Cadastro Geral de Empregados e Desempregados (monthly survey of employment/unemployment, by Labor Ministry) Centro de Atenção Integrada à Criança (Center/School for Full Time Attention to Children) Comissão da Amazônia, Integração Nacional e Desenvolvimento (Chamber of Deputies Committee for the Amazon, National Integration & Development)

16 16 Caixa Dois off the books campaign contributions (also, double set of books used by firms to avoid taxes) CALC Cúpula da América Latina e Caribe met in Bahia December 2008 (Summit of Latin American and Caribbean Nations) with Cuba, without the US and Canada CAN CAOA CAPES CAPADR CARF CARICOM CAS CASA Casa Civil Correio Aéreo Nacional operated by FAB (national air mail service, began in 1931) Carlos Alberto Oliveira Andrade mega investor in auto dealerships entered joint venture with Hyundai to install a factory in Anápolis, GO Comissão para o Aperfeiçoamento do Pessoal de Educação Superior (Graduate studies training unit within MEC fellowships) Comissão de Agricultura, Pecuária, Abastecimento e Desenvolvimento (Chamber Committee for Agriculture, Livestock, Supply & Development) Conselho Administrativo de Recursos Fiscais (Fiscal Resources Administrative Council) The Caribbean Community HQ in Georgetown, Guyana economic cooperation group began in 1973 Comissão de Assuntos Sociais (Senate Committee on Social Affairs) Communidade Sul Americana de Nações (South American Community of Nations) Brazil s attempt to extend Mercosul to all of South America President s Chief of Staff very powerful position Casa da Moeda the federal mint (in Rio de Janeiro) Cassado loss of political rights for 10 years during military regime ( ) loss of political mandate (in the post 1985 period) CBA CBA Código Brasileiro de Aeronáutica (Brazilian Aeronautical Code) Companhia Brasileira de Aluminio (Brazilian Aluminum Co.)

17 17 CBE CBERS CBF CBIA CBIE CBMM CBN CBPF CBTU CCBB CCBC Cia. Brasiliana de Energia Brazilian Energy Company created in 2003 when BNDES renegotiated AES debts BNDES now controls 53.80% of CBE China Brazil Earth Resources Satellite (Satélite Sino Brasileiro de Recursos Terrestres) began in 1988, launch 4 satellites by 2010 Confederação Brasileira de Futebol (Brazilian Soccer Confederation) Centro Brasileiro de Infância e Adolescência (Brazilian Center for Infancy and Adolescence) Centro Brasileiro de Infra Estrutura (Brazilian Center for Infrastructure) Companhia Brasileira de Metalurgia & Mineração (Brazilian Mining & Metalurgy prodces Niobium) Central Brasileiro de Notícias ( Globo s 24 hour news radio network) Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (Brazilian Center for Physics Research in Rio) Companhia Brasileira de Trens Urbanos (Brazilian State Firm for Urban Trains) Centro Cultural Banco do Brasil (Banco do Brasil Cultural Center) Brazil Canada Chamber of Commerce CCC Conta de Consumo de Combustíveis created in 1970s, revised in 2009 (Fuel Consumption Account) CCEE CCIR Câmara de Comércio de Energia Elétrica (Chamber of Commerce for Electrical Energy) Certificação de Cadastro de Imóvel Rural (Certificate of Registry of Rural Property)

18 18 CCJC CCP CCPs CCR CCT CCT CCTCI CD CDB CDB CDC CDC CDE Comissão de Constituição e Justiça (Chamber of Deputies Committee on Constitution, Justice & Citizenship) same symbol in the Senate Cyrela Commercial Properties Brazilian Realty Firm controlled by Elie Horn Counter Cyclical Payments introduced by the 2002 Farm Security and Rural Investment Act income support programs for US farmers some call this subsidies Companhia de Concessões Rodoviárias (Andrade Gutierrez, Camargo Correa & Soares Penido) operates 11 toll roads in Brazil and won concession to operate Confins Airport in BH in November 2013 via the Aero Brasil consortium together with Fluhafen Zurich AG (administers the Munique and Zurich airports). Comissão de Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovação, Comunicação e Informática Senate Committee for Science, Technology, Innovation, Communication, and Informatics Conditional Cash Transfers like Bolsa Família Comissão de Ciência e Tecnologia, Comunição e Informática (Chamber of Deputies Committee on Science & Technology, Communication & Informatics) Câmara dos Deputados (Chamber of Deputies) Certificado de Depósito Bancário bank time deposit (bank deposit certificate, term & rates subject to negotiation) Chinese Development Bank Comissão de Defesa do Consumidor (Chamber of Deputies Committee on Consumer Protection) Crédito Direto ao Consumidor (installment credit for consumers, usually white line ) Conta de Desenvolvimento Energêtico (Energy Development Account Eletrobrás created on 26th April 2002)

19 19 CDEIC CDES CDI CDH CDHM CDN CDR CDU CE CE CEB CEBs CEBRAP CEC Comissão de Desenvolvimento Econômico, Indústria e Comércio (Chamber of Deputies Committee on Economic Development, Industry & Commerce) Conselho de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social (Council of Economic and Social Development) linked to the office of Brazil s President Certificado de Depósito Interbancário (time deposit, similar to CDB) Comissão de Direitos Humanos e Legislação Participativa Senate Committee for Human Rights and Participatory Legislation Comissão de Direitos Humanos e Minorias (Chamber of Deputies Committee on Human Rights and Minorities) Conselho de Defesa Nacional (National Defense Council) Comissão de Desenvolvimento Regional e Turismo Senate Committed for Regional Development & Tourism Comissão de Desenvolvimento Urbano (Chamber of Deputies Committee for Urban Development) State of Ceará Comissão de Educação (Senate Committee on Education) Companhia de Eeletricidade de Brasília (Electricity Company owned by Brasília government [GDF]) Comunidades Eclesias de Base Community Nuclei for Lay Roman Catholics associated with the doctrine of Liberation Theology Centro Brasileiro de Análises e Planejamento (think tank organized by FH Cardoso & others in SP in 1970) Comissão de Educação e Cultura (Chamber of Deputies Committee on Education and Culture)

20 20 CEDEC CEE CEEE CEF CEG CEGRAF Cehab CEI CELAC CELAM CEMAR CEME Cemig Cenargen Centro de Estudos da Cultura Contemporânea (think tank organized by CEBRAP dissidents) Comunidade Econômica Europeia (EEC European Economic Community) Companhia Estadual de Energia Elétrica (in Rio Grande do Sul) RS state owned electric distribution company Caixa Econômica Federal (Federal Savings/Social Bank) Companhia Estadual de Gás (Rio natural gas distribution company) Centro Gráfico do Senado Federal (Brazilian Senate printing office) Companhia Estadual de Habitação e Obras state government unit for housing and public works Comissão Especial de Investigação (Special Investigating Committee) Comunidade dos Estados Latinoamericanos e Cabibenhos (Community of Latin American and Caribbean States) Conferência Episcopal da América Latina e Caribe (Conference of Latin American Catholic Bishops; the 5th CELAM met in SP in November 2007) Electric Company state of Maranhão Central de Medicamentos (federal government medicine distribution unit) Centrais Elétricas de Minas Gerais (MG state owned electric company) Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia (National Center for Genetic and Biotech Research, EMBRAPA) Cencosud SA Publicly traded multinational retail firm, largest in Chile and 3 rd largest in

21 21 Latin America. CENDEC CENINAR Cenipa Centrão CEO Cepal CERA CESP CETIP CFC CFFC CFEMEA CFN CFN CFR Centro de Treinamento para o Desenvolvimento Econômico (Ministry of Planning Training Center) Centro de Informações da Marinha (Navy Intelligence Center very active during military regime) Centro de Investigação e Prevenção de Acidentes Aeronáuticos (Center for Investigation and Prevention of Aeronautical Accidents) the Big Center (majority conservative coalition in the ANC) Chief Executive Officer Comissão Econômica das Nações Unidas para América Latina e Caribe ECLA, United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean HQ in Santiago, Chile Cambridge Energy Research Assoc. Centrais Eléctricas de São Paulo (State of SP electric company, privatization attempted in 2008) Central de Custódia e Liquidação de Títulos (over the counter fixed income & derivatives trading custody organization) Comissão de Fiscalização e Controle (Senate Committee on Oversight & Control) Comissão de Fiscalização Financeira e Controle (Chamber of Deputies Committee on Financial Oversight & Control) Centro Feminista de Estudos e Assessoria (Feminist Studies Center in Brasília) Companhia Ferroviário de Nordeste (Northeast Railroad Co. controlled by CSN) Corpo de Fuzileiros Navais (Brazilian Marine Corps) Council on Foreign Relations HQ in New York publishes Foreign Affairs

22 22 CFT CFTC CGD CGD CGU CGT CGTEE CHALACO Changi Chery CHESF CHETA CHS CI CIA CIA Comissão de Finanças e Tributação (Chamber of Deputies Committee on Finance and Taxation) US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Center for Global Development Caixa Geral de Depósitos Portuguese Bank Controladoria Geral da União (Federal Controller General internal control) Confederação Geral dos Trabalhadores (General Workers Confederation labor union central in São Paulo) Companhia de Geração érmica de Energia Elétrica Eletrobrás (Thermal Electricity Generation Company) Aluminum Corporation of China Airport group that administered Shangai airport; partner in concession with Odebrecht to administer Galeão International Airport in Rio Small size Chinese auto with new factory in Jacareí, SP Companhia Hidro Elétrica do Vale do São Francisco (San Francisco Valley Hydro Electric Firm) Certificado de Homologação de Empresa de Transporte Aéreo (ANAC certificate for an airline to operate in Brazil) CHS International Trade 3rd largest grain trader n the US formed joint venture with Coopermibra in 2008 Comissão de Serviços de Infra Estrutura (Senate Committee on Infrastructure) Central Intelligence Agency (US) ( Agência Central de Intelligência) Centro de Inteligência da Aeronáutica (Air Force Intelligence Center)

23 23 CIC CIDA Cadastro Individual do Contribuinte CPF (personal income tax ID number) Canadian International Decvelopment Agency Cide Cielo Contribuição de Intervenção no Domínio Econômico motor fuels tax for maintenance and repair of federal highways Large credit card service in Brazil (Banco do Brasil & Bradesco) Ciências sem Fronteiras Federal governemnt program to send under grad. and graduate students overseas for one year of studies Science without Borders CIEx CIMI Centro de Informações do Exército (Army Intelligence Unit, very active during the military regime) Conselho Indigenista Missionário (Indian Missionary Council Roman Catholic Church) CINDACTA Centro Integrado de Defesa Aérea e Controle de Trafego Aéreo (the four centers for air traffic control, under FAB jurisdiction) CIR CL Claro CLA CLASCO CLAT CLDF CLI Conselho Indeginista de Roraima (Indian Counsel for State of Roraima) Câmara Legislativa (legislature in the Federal District Brasília) Brazilian cell phone operator, owned by Telmex (Carlos Slim Helú) Centro de Lançamento de Alcântara (Alcântara Rocket Launching Center, in Maranhão) Consejo Latinoamericano de las Ciencias Sociales (Latin American Social Science Council) Central Latino Americana dos Trabalhadores (Latin American Workers Central in Caracas, Venezuela) Câmara Legislativa do Distrito Federal local legislature in the Federal District (Brasília) Composite Leading Indicators (used by OECD)

24 24 (ICA Indicador Composto Avançado) CLP CLT CMA CMA CMADS CMB CMDA CME CME Comissão de Legislação Participativa (Chamber and Senate Committees for Popular Initiative Legislation) Consolidação da Legislação Trabalhista (Brazil s complex labor legislation, CLT formal labor contract) Comissão de Meio Ambiente, Defesa do Consumer e Fiscalização e Contrôle Senate Committee for Environment, Consumer Protection, and Oversight Comando Militar da Amazônia (Amazon Region Military Command) Comissão de Meio Ambiente e Desenvolvimento Sustentável (Chamber of Deputies Committee on Environment & Sustainable Development) Casa da Moeda do Brasil (Brazilian Mint, located in Rio de Janeiro) Code Division Multiple Access (cell phone system that voice & data into radio signals) Comissão de Minas e Energia (Chamber of Deputies Committee on Mines and Energy) Commodity Market Exchange (Chicago) CMMI Capability Maturity Model Integration developed by the Software Engineering Inst. at Carnegie Mellon Univ. CMN CMO CMSE Conselho Monetário Nacional (National Monetary Council) Comissão Mista de Orçamento (Congressional Joint Budget Committee) Comitê de Monitoramento do Sistema Elêtrico (Committee for Monitoring the Electric System) attached to MM&E, created in August 2004

25 25 CMSE CMSE CN Comando Militar do Sudeste (Military Command of the Southeast Region) Comité de Monitoramento do Setor Eléctrico MM&E (Committee for Monitoring the Electric Sector) Congresso Nacional (Brazil s National Congress) CNAE CNA CNAA CNB CNBB CNC CNDI CNDM CNEN CNI Comissão Nacional de Atividades Espaciais (National Commission for Space Activities) Confederação Nacional de Agricultura (National Agriculture Federation) Companhia Nacional de Açúcar e Álcol (private sector, National Sugar and Alcohol Co.) Comando Naval de Brasília (Brasília Naval Command Marine Corps base) Conferência Nacional dos Bispos do Brasil (National Conference of Brazilian [Roman Catholic] Bishops) Confederação Nacional de Comércio (National Commerce Confederation) Centro Nacional de Desenvolvimento Industrial (National Council of Industrial Development) Conselho Nacional de Direitos da Mulher (National Council on Women s Rights) Comissão Nacional de Enegria Nuclear (National Nuclear Eneergy Commission) Confederação Nacional da Indústria (National Industry Confederation) CNJ Conselho Nacional do Judiciário (desde 2004) (National Council of the Judicial Branch) External Control body for the Judiciary created in 2004

26 26 CNM Comando Naval de Manaus (Manaus Naval Command) CNMP Conselho Nacional do Ministério Públic (National Council for Public Prosecutors external control of prosecutors, similar to CNJ CNOOC CNPCP CNPE CNPJ CNPq CNT CNTC CNTE CNTI CNTM CNTS COAF Cob Chinese National Offshore Oil Corporation Joined Petrobras in concession for pre salt exploration in 2013 Conselho Nacional de Política Criminal e Penitenciária MJ (National Council for Criminal and Prison Policy Ministry of Justice) Conselho Nacional de Política Energética (National Council for Energy Policy) Cadastro Nacional da Pessoa Jurídica (corporate income tax ID number) Conselho Nacional de Pesquisas (National Research Council, within MCT) Confederação Nacional de Transportes (National Transportation Confederation) Confederação Nacional dos Trabalhadores no Comércio (National Confederation of Commercial Workers) Confederação Nacional dos Trabalhadores em Educação (National Confederation of Workers in Education) Confederação Nacional dos Trabalhadores na Indústria (National Confederation of Industrial Workers) Confederação Nacional dos Trabalhadores Metalúrgicos (National Confederation of Metal Workers) Confederação Nacional dos Trabalhadores na Saúde (National Confederation of Health Workers) Conselho de Controle de Atividades Financeiras at Finance Ministry (Council for Control of Financial Activities anti money laundering) Close of business (either 5pm or 6 pm) in the USA

27 27 Cobra Codevasf Coelece COFACE Computadores e Sistemas Brasileiros Brazilian Computers and Systems now extinct) Companhia de Desenvolvimento dos Vales do São Francisco e Paraníba (Company for the Development of the São Francisco & Parnaiba Valleys) Call center Compagnie Française d Assurande pour le Commerce Extérieur French Insurance Group insurable trading risks HQ Paris Coface university created in 2007 Annual conferences held in January COSIPAR COMGÁS Conab CONAC CONAMA Conasp CONCRAB Condor CONFAZ Companhia Siderúrgica do Pará (Iron & Steel Company of Pará State) Companhia Municipal de Gás in SP (SP municipal gas company, initial investment by British in 1872, then Light in 1912, nationalized in 1959, control to CESP in 1984, privatized BG Group and Shell in Companhia Nacional de Abastecimento (National Food Supply Company) Conselho Nacional da Aviação Civil (National Civil Aviation Council) Conselho Nacional de Meio Ambiente (National Environment Council) Conselho Nacional de Segurança Pública (MJ) National Council for Public Security Ministry of Justice) Confederação das Cooperativas de Reforma Agrária do Brasil ( fiscal front organization operated by the MST in order to receive funds from Brazilian and foreign sources like ANCA) Operação Condor joint intelligence surveillance of anti military regime militants by Chile, Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay and Brazil torture, murder, capture/ extradition, officially established in 1975 Conselho Nacional de Política Fazendária

28 28 (National Council for Tax Policy, state secretaries of finance) Confins Confins Constran CONTAG Contribuição para Financiamento da Seguridade Social ( contribution tax on gross incomes of private firms ; reduce the social security deficit) International airport in Belo Horizonte, MG Holding of UTC Construction & Engineering. UTC was the leader of the cartel of firms involved in the Petrobras corruption/bribery scandal. Confederação Nacional dos Trabalhadores na Agricultura (National Confederation of Agricultural Workers) COOPERMIBRA Cooperativa Mixta Agropecuária do Brasil (Brazilian Agro Livestock Cooperative joint venture with CHS in 2008) COPOM Coppe Corregedor Cosan Cosban CPA CPAIMIC Comitê de Política Econômica (at BC) sets Selic basic interest rate (Central Bank Monetary Policy Committee) Coordenaçào de Programas de Pós Graduação em Engenharia (UFRJ) (Graduate engineering research center at RJ Federal Univ.) Ethics Magistrate investigates alleged breaches of ethics in Senate and Chamber of Deputies and prepares reports for the respective Ethics Councils that may recommend expulsion of the accused [ cassação ] founded in 1936 production of sugar and alcohol. In 2008, acquired Esso (Exxon Mobil) in Brazil with 1,700 gas stations. In 2010, joint venture with Royal Dutch Shell. Comissão Sino Brasileira de Alto Nível de Concertação e Cooperação (Chinese Brazilian High Level Commission for Negotiation & Cooperation) Conselho para Política Aduaneira Min. Fazenda (Customs Policy Council Finance Ministry) Centro de Pesquisa e Assistência Integrada à Mulher e à Criança (Center for Research and Integral Assistance to Women and Children) CPCM Comissão Parlamentar Conjunto do Mercosul ( Joint Parliamentary Commission for Mercosul) CPD Centro de Processamento de Dados

29 29 (Data Processing Center) CPF CPFL CPI CPI CPLP CPMF CPOR CPqD Cadastro de Pessoas Físicas (personal income tax ID number, used like SS# for ID in the US) Companhia Paulista de Força e Luz Electricity generation & distribution in SP founded in 1912, acquired by American & Foreign Power (GE) in 1927, and expropriated by Eletrobras in 1964, and privatized in Comissão Parlamentar de Inquérito) (Congressional Investigating Committee) Corruption Perception Index (used by TI) (compiled yearly by Transparency International HQ in Berlin) Comunidade de Países de Língua Portuguesa (community of Portuguese speaking nations) Contribuição Provisório sobre Movimentação Financeira ( temporary tax of financial transactions, began in 1992) Centro de Preparação de Oficiais da Reserva (Reserve Officers Training Center) Centro para Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (Research and Development Center) CPRM Companhia de Recursos Minerais (Mineral Resources Research Unit at MM&E) CPT CPTEC CRA CRE CREA Comissão Pastoral da Terra (Catholic Church Pastoral Land Reform Commission) Centro de Previsão do Tempo e Estudos Climáticos (Weather Forecasting and Climate Studies Center) Comissão de Agricultura e Reforma Agrária ( Senate Committee for Agriculture and Agrarian Reform) Comissão de Relações Exteriores e Defesa Nacional (Senate Committee on Foreign Relations & Defense) Conselho Regional de Engenharia, Arquitetura e Agronomia ( Regional Council for Engineering, Architecture & Agronomy)

30 30 CRECI CREDN CROs CRUB CRUSP CSA CSGF CSIS CSLL CSN CSN CSPCCO CSS CSS Conselho Regonal de Corretores de Imóveis (Regional Council for Real Estate Agents) Comissão de Relações Exteriores e Defesa Nacional (Chamber of Deputies Committee on Foreign Relations & Defense) Contract Research Organizations Conselho de Reitores das Universidades Brasileiras ( Council of Brazilian University Rectors) Conselho de Reitores das Universidades de São Paulo (Council of SP University Rectors) Companhia Siderúrgica do Atlântico steel mill in Septiba, RJ (Atlantic Steel Company) joint venture CSN & ThyssenKrupp Contribuição Social sobre Grandes Fortunas (Social Contribution [Tax] on Large Fortunes exceeding R$10 million) Center for Strategic and International Studies (Washington based think tank) Contribuição Social sobre o Lucro Líquido (federal tax levy on net corporate profits) Conselho Nacional de Saúde Ministério de Saúde (National Health Council Ministry of Health) Companhia Siderúrgica Nacional in Volta Redonda (National Iron & Steel Company Brazil s first steel mill built in the 1940s with US assistance, now privatized) Comissão de Segurança Pública e Combate ao Crime Organizado (Chamber of Deputies Committee on Public Security & Anti Organized Crime) Contribuição Social da Saúde (possible new tax on financial transactions to replace CPMF) Copmanhia Sidedrúgica de Suape, PE. (Laminated steel firm in Pernambuco)

31 31 CSSF CTA CTASP CTBC CTC CTNBio CTD Comissão de Seguridade Social e Família (Chamber of Deputies Committee on Social Security & Family) Centro Técnico Aeroespecial (aerospace technical center, FAB in S. José dos Campos, SP) Comissão de Trabalho and Public Administration (Chamber of Deputies Committee on Labor and Public Administration) Companhia Telefónica Brasil Central (Central Brazil Telephone Co., HQ in Uberlândia) Centro Tecnológico de Cana de Açucar part of Petrobrás (Sugarcane Technology Center) Comissão Técnica Nacional de Biossegurança ((National Technical Commission for Bio Security) Comissão de Turismo e Desporto (Chamber of Deputies Committee on Tourism & Sports) CTEEE CTEx CTIP CUPET CUT CVC CVM CVRD CVT Centro de Treinamento e Estudos em Energia (Center for Training and Studies on Energy) Centro Tecnológico do Exército (Army Tecnological Center in Brasília) Combating Trafficking in Persons Cuba s State Petroleum Enterprise Central Única dos Trabalhadores linked to PT (Workers Labor Union Central HQ in São Paulo) Citigroup Venture Capital Comissão de Valores Mobiliários (Brazilian Securities Commission like SEC in the US) Companhia Vale do Rio Doce (Brazil s largest mining firm) Comissão de Viação e Transportes

32 32 (Chamber of Deputies Committee on Transportation) Cyrela D2 DA DAAD DAC DAS Cyrela Brazil Realty has operated for 50 years in Brazil 2% bio diesel additive Diários Associados powerful media chain (TV, radio & newspapers) established by Assis Chateaubriand in TUPI TV network annulled in Deutsche Akademie Austauschdienst Doktor (German Academic Exchange Service) Dept. de Aviação Civil (Civil Aviation Authority linked to FAB) replaced by ANAC Direção e Assessoramento Superior (1 to 6 classification for federal confidence appointments) Daslu Expensive upscale boutique in SP founded by Lúcia Tcranchesi in Was closed down for massive tax evasion in 2005 DASP Daspu Datafolha Datamar DATAMEC Departamento Administrativo do Serviço Público (federal unit to supervise federal public administration created in 1938, replaced by Planning Ministry in 1970) Clone of Daslu organized by prostitutes in Rio Launched its own fashion line in 2005 Survey research unit at Folha de São Paulo Collects and disseminates port shipping data for Brazilian ports. Empresa privada de processamento de dados (private data processing firm) DATAPREV Empresa de Processamento de Dados da Previdência Social (Data processing unit at Ministry of Social Security) DBRS DCE Dominion Bond Rating Service (Canada) Diretório Central dos Estudantes (Central Student Organization at each university)

33 33 DCN DCNS DEA Diário do Congresso Nacional (daily record of the National Congress) Direction des Constructions Navales Services (French naval construction firm) US Drug Enforcement Administration liaison with Brazil (Agência Americana de Repressão às Drogas) Dealogic International financial software firm HQ in NY. First founded in the UK (1983) DECEA DEM Dentsu DF DFQF DGA DHL DI Diageo DIAP DIEESE DNER DNIT Departamento do Controle do Espaço Aéreo (Dept. for Air Space Control part of FAB) Democratas (partido político) political party, replaced the PFL in March 2007 Japan based, largest advertizing agency world wide. Federal District (Brasília) Duty free, quota free international trade access to markets General Armament Delegation (part of French Defense Ministry) International private parcel service that operates in Brazil. Democracy Index, compiled every year by EIU World s largest produced of spirits (also bear & wine) HQ in London. Dept. Intersindical de Assessoria Parlamentar (top labor union lobbying operation in Brasília) Dept. Intersindical de Estatística e Estudos Socio Econômicos) (Labor Unions Bureau for Statistics & Socio economic Studies in São Paulo) Dept. Nacional de Estradas de Rodagem (National Highway Dept. replaced by DNIT) Dept. Nacional de Infra estrutura de Transportes (Dept. of Transportation Infrastructure replaced DNER)

34 34 DNOCS Dept. Nacional de Obras contra a Seca ( National Dept. of Public Works against the Drought) DNPM Dept. Nacional de Produção Mineral part of MM&E (National Dept. of Minerals Production) DOC DOF DOHA DOI CODI Doleiro DOU DPF DPHAN DRCI DRT DRU DSB DSL Documento de Ordem de Crédito (deposit from one bank account to another) Documento Original Florestal (Original Forest Document) Doha Round of WTO trade talks Departmento de Operações Internas Centro de Operações de Defesa Interna (Detention & Torture Center in SP during Military Regime) unauthorized, illegal money changer used for money laundering Diário Oficial da União (federal daily record) Dept. da Polícia Federal (Federal Police) Dept. de Património Histórico e Artístico Nacional (Dept. of Historical and Artistic Patrimony) at Ministry of Culture Dept. de Recuperação de Ativos e Cooperação Jurídica Internacional (Dept. for Recovery of Assets and International Cooperation, at MJ) Delegacia Regional do Trabalho (regional offices of Ministry of Labor) Desvinculação de Receitas da União waiver allowing the government to reallocate up to 20% of federal revenues out of earmarked constitutional revenue sharing; initiated in 1994 in support of the Real Plan and extended every 4 four years by PEC (Constitutional Amendment) Dispute Settlement Body at the WTO Worldwide Drilling Structure Specialists

35 35 DST DST DTN Doenças Sexualmente Transmisíveis (Sexual Transmissable Diseases) Daylight Savings Time (in the US) Horário de verão (Brazil) Delay tolerant networking technical issues in heterogeneous networks. Dungkuk Large South Korean Steel company, established in 1929 DVS E & Y EADS EAU EBAP Ebba EBC EBCT EBRD Destaque para Votação em Separado (line item voting) Ernst & Young, London based, one of the big four auditing firms. European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company manufactures the AirBus and military aircraft & weapons Emirados Arabes Unidos (United Arab Emirates) Escola Brasileira de Administação Pública (FGV Rio) (Brazilian School of Public Administration at FGV Rio) Empresa Brasileira de Bebidas e Alimentos Manufacture of fruit juices and food lines Empresa Brasil de Comunicação (Brazil s new public TV system, nicknamed TV Lula ) Empresa Brasileira de Correios e Telégrafos (replaced ECT) (Brazilian Postal Service state enterprise) European Bank for Reconstruction and Development EBX Brazilian holding group founded by mega investor Eike Batista in 1983 EC European Community (Comunidade Europeia EU) ECA Estatuto da Criança e Adolescente approved in 1990 (Statute for [Protection of] Children & Adolescents) ECEMAR Escola de Comando e Esrado Maior da Aeronáutica

36 36 (Air Force Officers Training Program, Major Colonel) ECEME ECFR ECI ECLAC Escola de Comando e Estado Maior (do Exército) (Army Officers Training Program, Major Colonel) European Council on Foreign Relations Economic Climate Index, complied by the German Inst. for Economic Research HQ in Munich Economic Commission for Latin America & the Caribbean (formally ECLA) ( CEPAL Comissão Econômica para América Latina e Caribe, UN) ECO 92 UN World Summit on the Environment, Rio de Janeiro, June 1992 (also called Rio 92) ECOSOC ECT ED EDF EDP EFI EFSF EGN EGSA EIU Eletrobrás United Nations Economic and Social Council Empresa dos Correios e Telégrafos (replaced by EBCT) (Federal Postal Service) Esquerda Democrática PSB (leftist spinoff from UDN, ; formed PSB in 1950) Environmental Defense Fund (1967), HQ New York Energias de Portugal created with the nationalization of 13 electricity firms in Portugal in 1976, and privatized in Arrived in Brazil in 1996; operates in SP, ES, BA, TO, MA, MG, and CE. Economic Freedom Index, complied by the Heritage Foundation and WSJ European Financial Stability Facility Escola de Guerra Naval (Navy War College, located in Rio de Janeiro) Environmental Goods and Services Agreement being negotiated at the WTO Doha Round [ The ] Economist Intelligence Unit (London and New York) Federal electrical holding firm

37 37 Eletronorte Eletropaulo Federal electrical holding firm in Northern Region Eletricidade de São Paulo S.A. (São Paulo Electricity Distribution Company) Elog EMAE Creates and develops personal and common log books. Empresa Metropolitana de Águas e Energia SA. linked to SP state government, controls level of Rio Pinheiros EMATER EMBI+ EMBRAER Embrapa Embratel Embratur EMFA EN ENAP ENARSA Empresa de Assistência Técnica e Extensão Rural (Rural Extension Service) Emerging Markets Bond Index (compiled daily by JP Morgan) Empresa Brasileira de Aeronáutica (Brazilian Airplane Factory, located in São José dos Campos, SP) Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agro Pecuária (Brazilian Agricultural Research Enterprise) Brazilian long distance and international telecommunications service (privatized to Telmex Carlos Slim Helú) Indústria Brasileiro de Turismo (Federal Tourism Institute) Estado Maior das Forças Armadas (Joint Chiefs of Staff, abolished in 1999) Escola Naval in Rio de Janeiro (Brazilian Naval Academy) Escola Nacional de Administração Pública (Fundação) (national government training school management specialists) replaced FUNCEP Energia Argentina S.A. (Argentine energy state enterprise created by the Kirchner government in 2004) END Estratégia de Defesa Nacional approved 15 th December 2008 (National Defense Strategy)