THE FUNDAMENTAL ROLE OF SCIENCE IN INNOVATION Brazilian Scenario

Transcrição

1 THE FUNDAMENTAL ROLE OF SCIENCE IN INNOVATION Brazilian Scenario Alvaro T. Prata Secretary for Technology Development and Innovation MCTI Federal Government World Science Forum 2013 Rio de Janeiro, November 26 th, 2013

2 Some Achievements in Education and Science Top federal and state universities at international level, plus some private ones; Over 14,000 doctoral degrees granted per year; Strong graduate system with tri-annual evaluation of all study programs; Internet platform with all CV s of scientists and researchers (2.5 millions curricula); Virtual library of scientific publications (~ 32,000 journals); Scholarships from scientific initiation to post-doc and research; Strong science and leading position in some sectors as agriculture and tropical desease.

3 Good Examples to Follow Deep sea oil exploration - PETROBRAS; Agricultural research (orange juice, sugar, soybeans, coffee, maize, cotton, poultry, beef, pork) - EMBRAPA; Aircraft design and fabrication EMBRAER; Flexible Fuel Vehicle Ethanol and Gasoline; Banking Automation Reliable and Efficient.

4 General Picture Brazil has a good Science; Our Science is not converted at large into Economic and Social Benefits. Low innovation in many industrial sectors!

5 Exports and Imports Brazil Trade Balance (US$ milhões FOB) Total Other Products Industry

6 Federal Government Guidelines 1. Expand and Strengthen Democracy; 2. Economic Growth; 3. Sustainable Development; 4. Protect the Environment; 5. Eradicate Poverty and Reduce Inequalities; 6. Government for All; 7. Education; 8. Infrastructure for the Cities; 9. Universalize Health; 10. Ensure Security and Fight Crime; 11. Promote Culture; 12. National Sovereignty; 13. Place Brazil at the front line of Science and Technology.

7 National Priorities: Education Science Innovation Entrepreneurship

8 Inclusive Growth

9 Inclusive Growth

10 Science, Technology and Innovation for Sustainable Development Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D (GERD) as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) México (2007) Argentina (2007) Chile (2004) Brasil (2010*) 0,37 0,51 0,68 1,16 (2010) 1,19 Índia (2005) África do Sul (2006) Rússia (2009) 0,61 0,95 1,24 China (2008) 1,54 Italia (2009) Espanha (2009) Canadá (2009) França (2008) Alemanha (2009) EUA (2008) Coréia do Sul (2008) Japão (2008) Finlândia (2008) 1,27 1,38 1,95 2,11 2,82 2,79 3,36 3,44 3,46 0,00 0,50 1,00 1,50 2,00 2,50 3,00 3,50 4,00 * Brazil: estimate for 2010 Sources: National Main Science and Technology Indicators, 2009/1 - OECD; Brazil: MCT; Chile and India: World Development Indicators, The World Bank

11 Scientists&Engineers versus R&D Investment

12 Science, Technology and Innovation for Sustainable Development Awarded doctoral degrees per million inhabitants: 2006 or most recent year Argentina (2005) Chile México Brasil (2009) 11,7 18,2 26,1 58,7 Índia (2005) África do Sul China Rússia 16,4 23,0 27,8 242,8 Canadá Japão França Espanha Itália Coréia do Sul Estados Unidos Alemanha Finlândia 128,6 136,4 155,1 161,1 165,2 179,9 188,6 302,7 362, Sources: Capes/MEC and IBGE for Brazil; Science and Engineering Indicators 2010 (data for 2006); U.S. Census Bureau, International Database

13 Brazil needs Engineers! Brazil: 1.95 Engineers per 10 thousand hab.

14 Decentralizing Higher, Vocational and Technical Education Federal Universities: 2002 ( ) 43 main campus 148 campi INSTITUTOS FEDERAIS DE EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL E TECNOLÓGICA Source: MEC campi 2010 ( ) 59 main campus 274 campi INSTITUTOS FEDERAIS DE EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL E TECNOLÓGICA campi 2014 ( ) (forecast) 63 main campus 321 campi INSTITUTOS FEDERAIS DE EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL E TECNOLÓGICA 2014 (forecast) 362 campi

15 Plano de Ação Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação para o Desenvolvimento Nacional INCT National Institutes of Science and Technology 122 US$ 330 million FAPs US$ millions CAPES US$ 16.3 millions MEC US$ 0.6 million MS US$ 9.5 millions BNDES US$ 12,3 millions Petrobras US$ 11.8 millions CNPq US$ 60 millions FNDCT US$ 103 millions

16 Plano de Ação Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação para o Desenvolvimento Nacional Areas of knowledge Nuclear2 Others7 Antartic and ocean 3 6,250 researchers Energy 7 Biodiversity Environment 7 Agriculture 9 Health Amazon 7 ICTs 7 Social Sciences 10 Biotechnology/ Nanotechnology 11 Engineering, Physics Math 14

17 Structuring Initiatives National Institutes of Science and Technology; Sciences Without Borders; Legal Framework for Innovation; Inova Enterprise.

18 Some Strategic Instruments Brazilian Initiative for Nanotechnology; Brazilian Networks for Technological Services and Innovation SIBRATEC; Incubators and Science Parks; Brazilian Program for Industrial Research and Innovation EMBRAPII.

19 How to increase innovation in the Brazilian industry? An Institution with large capillary all over the country and very attached to each regional identity. 47 Research Units 16 business offices Employees

20 How to increase innovation in the Brazilian industry? The search for a R&D model able to produce productivity impact similar as the one made by EMBRAPA to our agricultural business was the basic inspiration for EMBRAPII Area Increase 32% Production Increase 250% Productivity (t/ha) Sources: The Economist Sep. 2013, Embrapa and Ministry of Agriculture

21 INSTRUMENTS TO SUPPORT S,T&I Legal/Tax Incentives Grants INNOVATIVE ENTERPRISE Credit Low interest rates Government Purchases Qualified Personnel Venture Capital

22 Some National Networks 20 Unidades de Pesquisa do MCTI Redes SIBRATEC de Centros de Inovação: 14 Institutos SENAI de Tecnologia: 63 1 Redes SIBRATEC de Extensão Tecnológica: Institutos SENAI de Inovação: Universidades Federais: 63 Campus: 321 Institutos Federais: 362 Campus Redes SIBRATEC de Serviços Tecnológicos: 20 CONSECTI CONFAP CNI Institutos Nacionais de Ciência e Tecnologia: 126 Incubadoras:: 384 Parques Tecnológicos: 79

23 Brazil: Atractive Partner Move to become the world 5 th economy; Strong investment in education, science and technology; Stable economy and democracy; No internal and external conflicts; Good university system.

24 Thank you!