Food and Nutrition Security: the Human Rights to Adequate Food in Brazil

Transcrição

1 Food and Nutrition Security: the Human Rights to Adequate Food in Brazil Telma Castello Branco The Inter ministerial Chamber on Food and Nutrition Security CAISAN Brasília, 21/11/ 2011 Ministry of Social Development and Fight against Hunger (MSD) National Secretariat for Food Security and Nutrition. (SESAN/MDS)

2 Timeline of Legal and Institutional International Consolidation The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, art. 25: Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and wellbeing of himself and of his family, including food, clothing, housing and medical care and necessary social services, and the right to security in the event of unemployment, sickness, disability, widowhood, old age or other lack of livelihood in circumstances beyond his control. Motherhood and childhood are entitled to special care and assistance. All children, whether born in or out of wedlock, shall enjoy the same social protection Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic,Social and Cultural Rights Art World Food Summit - It requested that the right to food be given a more concrete and operational content. A number of initiatives were taken as a result.

3 Timeline of Legal and Institutional International Consolidation the UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, the body of independent experts monitoring States compliance with the Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, adopted General Comment No. 12 on the right to food The mandate of the Special Rapporteur on the right to food was established by the Commission on Human Rights by resolution 2000/10 of 17 April World Food Summit - five years later. Following the request of that Summit, an Intergovernmental Working Group was established under the auspices of the United Nations Organization for Food and Agriculture (FAO) in order to prepare a set of guidelines on the implementation of the right to food The adoption of the Voluntary Guidelines to Support the Progressive Realization of the Right to Adequate Food in the Context of National Food Security, on 23 November, by the 187 Member States of the General Council of the FAO. The Guidelines are a set of recommendations States have chosen to adopt to assist in the implementation of the human right to adequate food.

4 Timeline of Legal and Institutional National Consolidation 1988 The representatives of the Brazilian People, assembled in the National Constituent Assembly instituted a Democratic State for the purpose of ensuring the exercise of social and individual rights, liberty, security, well being, development, equality and justice as supreme values of a fraternal, pluralist and unprejudiced society. Article 6 [Basic principles] Education, health, work, leisure, security, social security, protection of motherhood and childhood, and assistance to the destitute, are social rights under this Constitution. In 2010, this article was amended in order to include food among the social rights Brazil s reaffirmation of its commitment to the Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights.

5 Timeline of Legal and Institutional Consolidation 1990s 1993 Creation of CONSEA 1995 Discontinuation CONSEA 1995 Creation of the Solidarity Community Programme 1999 National Policy on Food and Nutrition (PNAN) 2000s 2003 Launching of the Zero Hunger Strategy 2003 Reestablishment of CONSEA 2003 Creation of the Food Acquisition Programme (PAA) 2004 Establishment of Bolsa Família 2006 Establishment of SISAN by LOSAN 2009 Inclusion of junior high school students, youth and adult education programmes in PNAE 2009 Stipulation that 30% of the food bought for schools must come from family farmers 2010s 2010 Establishment of the National Policy of Technical Assistance and Rural Extension (PNATER) 2010 Approval of the constitutional amendment that includes food among the social rights 2010 Establishment of the National Food and Nutritional Security Policy (PNSAN) 2010 Creation and

6 Timeline of Legal National Consolidation LOSAN ->Food and Nutrition Security Law (11.346) Institutes the SISAN to promote DHAA Reaffirms State obligations -> Respect, protect, promote and provide food and Nutrition Security. Need for establishing and monitoring instruments of liability Institutionalized CONSEA, CNSAN and policy of Food and Nutrition Security

7 National System of Food and Nutrition Security (SISAN) SISAN comprises two coordination bodies in the three levels of government (federal,state and municipal): -> the Inter-ministerial Chamber on Food and Nutritional Security (CAISAN) -> and the Council on Food and Nutritional Security (CONSEA) Both bodies are to follow the deliberations of the Conferences on Food and Nutritional Security (CNSAN). At the federal level, the conference indicates the guidelines and priority of the National Food and Nutritional Security Policy and in the future will assume the same role regarding the National Food and Nutritional Security Plan.

8 ESTADOS, DISTRITO FEDERAL E MUNICÍPIOS PACTOS DE GESTÃO PELO DHAA ADESÃO SISTEMA NACIONAL DE SEGURANÇA ALIMENTAR E NUTRICIONAL - SISAN FÓRUM BIPARTITE FÓRUM TRIPARTITE POLÍTICA NACIONAL DE SEGURANÇA ALIMENTAR E NUTRICIONAL - PNSAN National System of Food and Nutrition Security CONFERÊNCIA NACIONAL CONSELHO NACIONAL CÂMARA INTERMINISTERIAL PLANO NACIONAL CONFERÊNCIA ESTADUAL CONSELHO ESTADUAL CÂMARA INTERSETORIAL PLANO ESTADUAL CONFERÊNCIA MUNICIPAL CONSELHO MUNICIPAL CÂMARA INTERSETORIAL PLANO MUNICIPAL

9 Plano Nacional de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional DESAFIOS VII - Ampliação do mercado institucional de alimentos para a agricultura familiar, povos indígenas e povos e comunidades tradicionais, e titulares de direito dos programas de transferência de renda com vistas ao fomento de circuitos locais e regionais de produção, abastecimento e consumo VIII - Ampliação do acesso à água de qualidade e em quantidade suficiente, com prioridade às famílias em situação de insegurança hídrica e para a produção de alimentos da agricultura familiar e da pesca e aquicultura IX - Enfrentamento das desigualdades socioeconômicas, étnico-raciais e de gênero, das condições de saúde, alimentação e nutrição, e de acesso às políticas públicas de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional X - Fortalecimento das relações internacionais brasileiras, na defesa dos princípios do Direito Humano à Alimentação Adequada e da Soberania Alimentar

10 O b r i g a d o ;-) Secretaria-Executiva da Câmara Interministerial de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional caisan@mds.gov.br (61) /1571