Estilo de vida interfere na genetica e no risco para doencas

Transcrição

1 Estilo de vida interfere na genetica e no risco para doencas Dr. Jose Claudio Casali da Rocha Hospital Erasto Gaertner PUC-PR CGEN Centro de Genetica Departamento de Genética da SBM

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3 PRATICAMENTE TODAS AS DOENÇAS TÊM UM COMPONENTE GENÉTICO FIBROSE CÍSTICA DOENÇAS CARDIOVASCULARES AIDS GENÉTICO AMBIENTE

4 Mutação, amplificação rearranjos, LOH, metilação, Câncer Esporádico

5 Síndromes de Câncer Hereditário Mutação Germinativa

6 Câncer de Mama na mulher 90-95% Esporádico 75% Hereditario genes desconhecidos 5-10% 5% 20% BRCA1 & BRCA2 TP53, PTEN, CHK2, ATM, BRIP1, PALB2, RAD51C, RAD51D, FANC, CDKN2A, CDH1

7 Heredograma: câncer de mama esporádico Modelo multifatorial

8 Heredograma: câncer de mama Hereditario Câncer de mama Câncer de ovario Idade de aparecimento precoce Bilateralidade Outros tumores na família Penetrância variável Múltiplos membros afetados na família

9 Síndrome de Câncer de Mama e Ovário Hereditário I:1 I:2 Gene BRCA1 II:1 II:9 II:2 II: 3 II:10 II:4 II:5 II:6 II:7 II:11 II:8 III:1 III:2 III:3 III:8 III:4 III:7 III:6 III:5 IV:9 IV:12 IV:10 IV:11 IV:5 IV:6 IV:7 IV:8 IV:3 IV:1 IV:4 IV:2 V:5 V:1 V:2 V:3 V:4 NORMAL (13q12-q13) (17q21) MUTADO Deleção CT no codon 157

10 Genetic Anticipation Is Associated with Telomere Shortening in Hereditary Breast Cancer Beatriz Martinez-Delgado, #1,2* Kira Yanowsky, #1,2 Lucia Inglada-Perez, 2,3 Samuel Domingo, 1,2 Miguel Urioste, 1,2 Ana Osorio, 1,2 and Javier Benitez 1,2 1 Human Genetics Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain PLoS Genet July; 7(7): e

11 Younger Age of Cancer Initiation Is Associated with Shorter Telomere Length in Li-Fraumeni Syndrome Uri Tabori,1 Sonia Nanda,1 Harriet Druker,1 Jodi Lees,1 and David Malkin1,2 1Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, and 2Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada Cancer Res 2007;67:

12 Dieta e Cancer 25% dos canceres poderiam ser evitados com mudancas na dieta

13 Projeto EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition) Cohort: >20anos Recrutamento: de 1993 a 1999 Casos de Cancer: ~ Obitos: ~ Cancer de mama: 6.218

14 Projeto EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition) The role of endogenous steroid hormones in pre- and post-menopausal breast cancer has been investigated in EPIC Both estrogens and androgens increase breast cancer risk, while SHBG (Sex Hormone Binding Globulin) decreases risk after menopause. Overweight and low physical activity increase breast cancer risk after menopause. On the contrary, before menopause. androgens increase breast cancer risk, progesterones decrease risk; and SHBG and obesity are NOT associated with risk. The consumption of fruit and vegetables is NOT associated with breast cancer risk.

15 Exercicio e cancer Atividade fisica regular (150 min/semana) reduz o risco de cancer de mama em ate 30%

16 Vitamina D e cancer de mama Garland et al. Nutrition Review 65(8):S91-5, 2007

17 Vitamina D e cancer de mama

18 WHO - Saude The World Health Organization (WHO), defines Health as a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not simply just the absence of disease. The actual definition of Healthy Living is the steps, actions and strategies one puts in place to achieve optimum health.

19 Healthy Living is about taking responsibility for your decisions and making smart health choices for today and for the future. So healthy living would consist of: Physical (For the body): Good nutrition, eating right Getting physically fit, beneficial exercise, Adequate rest Proper stress management. Emotional Wellness (For the mind): Self-supportive attitudes, Positive thoughts and viewpoints Positive self-image.

20 You also need to give and receive: Forgiveness, Love and compassion; You need to laugh and experience happiness; You need joyful relationships with yourself and others. Spiritual Wellness: Inner calmness, Openness to your creativity, Trust in your inner knowing. And all aspects of one s self, must work in harmony to achieve wellness, so you need to create a balanced life.

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