Verbos Irregulares - O que são verbos irregulares

Transcrição

1 Verbos Irregulares - O que são verbos irregulares Embora os verbos irregulares se constituam numa pequena minoria em relação a todos os verbos existentes na lí ngua, a freqí¼ência com que ocorrem é muito alta, o que lhes dá uma importância significativa. São todos de origem anglo-saxônica e se referem predominantemente a açíµes comuns. Os verbos irregulares do inglês são aqueles verbos que não seguem a regra geral de formação do Passado e do Particí pio Passado. A formação do Past e do Past Participle, de acordo com a regra geral, que se aplica a todos os demais verbos, se dá através do sufixo - ed. Portanto, todo verbo que não seguir este padrão, será classificado de irregular. É interessante notar que a irregularidade dos verbos em inglês manifesta-se apenas nas formas do Past e do Past Participle, e não na conjugação dos mesmos, como em português. Os únicos verbos do inglês que têm também uma conjugação irregular são o verbo to be e os verbos auxiliares modais ( can, may, might, shall, should, must, etc.). É interessante notar também que, com relação a freqí¼ência de ocorrência, o Past é mais importante para o aluno do que o Past Participle. Enquanto que o Past representa uma das estruturas gramaticais básicas, o Past Participle ocorre apenas no Perfect Tense, na formação da Voz Passiva ( veja aqui sobre o uso da Voz Passiva ), e na forma adjetivada do verbo. Exemplos: 1 / 10

2 � Commonly-used Irregular Verbs - Part 1 (2:00) There is also a Video of Commonly-used Irregular Verbs - Part 1 Listen and Repeat to Learn Verb Conjugation and Pronunciation MP3Player(" Download MP3 On Windows, right-click the link. On Macintosh, option-click the link or control-click the link. Try listening to this podcast a few times every day for one week. have has had had say says said said do does did done see saw seen make made made find found found know knew known get got gotten go went gone write wrote written think thought thought come came come Commonly-used Irregular Verbs - Part 2 (1:41) There is also a Video of Commonly-used Irregular Verbs - Part 2 MP3Player(" Download MP3 On Windows, right-click the link. On Macintosh, option-click the link or control-click the link. Try listening to this podcast a few times every day for one week. take, took, taken put, put, put tell, told, told give, gave, given read, read, read keep, kept, kept begin, began, begun let, let, let hear, heard, heard cut, cut, cut eat, ate, eaten * run, ran, run bring, brought, brought become, became, become grow, grew, grown draw, drew, drawn show, showed, shown mean, meant, meant * Note that I clearly pronounced the "t" in "eaten." Sometimes people don't, especially when speaking at a normal speed. Commo nly-used Irregular Verbs - Part 3 (1:54) There is also a Video of Commonly-used Irregular Verbs - Part 3 MP3Player(" Download MP3 On Windows, right-click the link. On Macintosh, option-click the link or control-click the link. Try listening to this podcast a few times every day for one week. feel, felt, felt hold, held, held stand, stood, stood understand, understood, understood lose, lost, lost catch, caught, caught buy, bought, bought send, sent, sent fall, fell, fallen choose, chose, chosen sleep, slept, slept speak, spoke, spoken meet, met, met lead, led, led bite, bit, bitten hit, hit, hit drive, drove, driven break, broke, broken Present Tense 2 / 10

3 abide abode abode obedecer a lei; permane awake awoke awoke awaked acordar; despertar-se be was been ser; estar; existir bear bore borne born dar a luz; sustentar; tolerar; sofrer; produzir; usar beat beat beaten bater; espancar; supera become became become se tornar; se transforma begin began begun começar bend bent bent curvar; entortar; franzir; bet bet bet apostar bid bade bidden oferecer; convidar; orde bind bound bound atar; amarrar; obrigar bite bit bit bitten morder; engolir a isca bleed bled bled sangrar, perder sangue blow blew blown soprar, encher; ventar; a break broke broken quebrar; romper; violar; breed bred bred procriar; gerar; fazer cri bring brought brought trazer; servir; causar; ex build built built construir, edificar; fabric burn burnt burnt queimar; incendiar; carb burst burst burst arrebentar; explodir; bro buy bought bougth comprar cast cast cast arremessar, jogar; derru catch caught caught pegar; capturar; entend 3 / 10

4 choose chose chosen escolher, selecionar, pre cling clung clung pegar-se; unir-se; aderir clothe clad clad vestir, cobrir come came come vir; chegar; consentir; su cost cost cost custar; importar em creep crept crept engatinhar; arrastar-se crow crew crowed cacarejar; vociferar; em cut cut cut cortar; partir; reduzir; re deal dealt dealt dar; distribuir; repartir; d dig dug dug cavar; escavar; gostar; do did done fazer; funcionar; cuidar draw drew drawn puxar; tirar; extrair; dese dream dreamt dreamt sonhar drink drank drunk drunken beber drive drove driven dirigir; viajar; levar; cond dwell dwelt dwelt residir; ficar por um tem eat ate eaten comer; destruir; devorar fall fell fallen cair; descer; abaixar-se feed fed fed alimentar; nutrir; abaste feel felt felt sentir; perceber; experim fight fought fought lutar, disputar; batalhar, find found found achar; encontrar; desco flee fled fled fugir, escapar; evitar; co 4 / 10

5 fling flung flung lançar; arremessar; atira fly flew flown voar; viajar (aérea); faze forbear forbore forborne abster-se, deixar de-, co forbid forbade forbidden proibir; impedir; evitar; v forget forgot forgotten esquecer forgive forgave forgiven perdoar; desculpar, abs forsake forsook forsaken abandonar, desertar, lar freeze froze frozen congelar; refrigerar; gela get got got receber; conseguir; obte give gave given dar; entregar, conceder go went gone ir; viajar; chegar; partir; grind ground ground triturar; pulverizar; afiar; grow grew grown crescer; vegetar; cultiva hang hung hung enforcar; ser enforcado; have had had ter; possuir; receber; pe hear heard heard escutar, ouvir heave hove hove levantar, puxar; elevar; hew hewed hewn reduzir; cortar (com mac hide hid hidden hid esconder-se; esconder, ocultar hit hit hit bater, ferir; atingir, alcan hold held held segurar; alimentar; guar hurt hurt hurt ferir; doer; magoar; estr keep kept kept guardar; ficar; cumprir; s 5 / 10

6 kneel knelt knelt ajoelhar-se knit knit knit tricotar; atar; enlaçar; un know knew known saber; conhecer; entend lay laid laid deitar; descansar; estar lead led led conduzir, guiar, comand lean leant leant inclinar, reclinar, apoiar, leap leapt leapt saltar, pular, transportar learn learnt learnt estudar; aprender; desc leave left left deixar; largar; sair; sepa lend lent lent emprestar, conceder, da let let let deixar; permitir; dar; alu lie lay lain mentir; enganar light lit lit clarear; acender; queim lose lost lost perder; desperdiçar; arr make made made fazer; criar; causar; torn mean meant meant pensar; significar; ter em meet met met encontrar; encontrar-se melt melted molten derreter; fundir; gastar; pay paid paid pagar; saldar; satisfazer put put put colocar; pôr; enfiar; sina read read read ler; aprender; aconselha rend rent rent rasgar; arrancar rid rid rid libertar; resgatar; livrar ( 6 / 10

7 ride rode ridden cavalgar; montar; passe ring rang rung tocar (sino, campainha) rise rose risen levantar; subir; elevar-s run ran run correr; fugir; executar; e saw sawed sawn serrar say said said dizer; contar; recitar; pe see saw seen ver; entender; preocupa seek sought sought procurar, pedir; liberar; sell sold sold vender; comerciar; nego send sent sent mandar; remeter; despa set set set pôr, colocar; preparar; u sew sewed sewn costurar; juntar, pregar shake shook shaken sacudir; agitar; tremer; c shed shed shed derramar; vazar; deixar shine shone shone brilhar, luzir, cintilar, res shoe shod shod calçar; recobrir com fina shoot shot shot atirar; caçar; lançar; ma show showed shown mostrar; descobrir; teste shred shred shred cortar em pedaços; pica shrink shrank shrunk shrunken contrair-se; encolher-se; contrair, encolher; recuar shut shut shut fechar; cerrar; tampar; t sing sang sung cantar; murmurar; rugir; sink sank sunk afundar; afogar; regar; m 7 / 10

8 slay slew slain matar, assassinar; destr sleep slept slept dormir; descansar; deita slide slid slid deslizar, escorregar; ch sling slung slung atirar na funda; elevar, e smell smelt smelt cheirar; feder; perfurma smite smote smitten golpear; ferir; matar; ba sow sowed sown semear; espalhar, disse speak spoke spoken falar; dizer; contar; expr speed sped sped apressar-se; mover com spell spelt spelt soletrar; escrever de for spend spent spent gastar, tirar; perceber; d spill spilt spilt entornar; derramar; esc spin span spun protelar; dilatar; prolong spit spat spit cuspir; escarrar; vomita spoil spoilt spoiled estragar; corromper; mi spread spread spread dilatar-se, estender-se; spring sprang sprung saltar, lançar-se; liberta stand stood stood pôr de pé; suster; suste steal stole stolen roubar; furtar; infiltrar-se stick stuck stuck cravar, fincar, meter, en sting stung stung picar, ferroar, ferretoar, stink stank stunk feder; enojar strew strewed strewn espalhar, polvilhar, aspe 8 / 10

9 stride strode stridden caminhar; cavalgar strike struck struck stricken golpear; ferir; bater; surpreender; descobrir string strung strung amarrar; pendurar; enfia strive strove striven aspirar; tentar, esforçarswear swore sworn jurar; prestar juramento sweat sweat sweat suar sweep swept swept varrer; lavar; pentear; a swell swelled swelled swollen inchar (-se); crescer; encher (os pneus) swim swam swum nadar; flutuar; boiar swing swung swung balançar take took taken pegar; tirar; tomar; segu teach taught taught ensinar; educar tear tore torn chorar, lacrimejar; rasga tell told told contar; saber; perceber; think thought thought pensar; acreditar thrive throve thriven ter sucesso throw threw thrown jogar; parir; impressiona thrust thrust thrust empurrar tread trod trodden pisar, andar, pôr os pés wake woke waked acordar; despertar; acor wear wore worn vestir; trancar; experime weave wove woven tecer, entrelaçar, trança weep wept wept chorar; verter lágrimas; 9 / 10

10 wet wet wet umedecer; sujar; molha win won won vencer; ganhar; conseg wind wound wound girar, rodar; enrolar-se; wring wrung wrung arrancar; obrigar, forçar write wrote written escrever; anotar; compo Outras fontes: Origem: Ã? 10 / 10