Estratégia Corporativa Logistics/Supply Chain Strategy and Planning

Transcrição

1 Estratégia Corporativa Logistics/Supply Chain Strategy and Planning If you don t know where you want to go, any path will do. Estratégia é o processo onde planos são formulados para posicionar a empresa em uma situação a atingir os seus objetivos. A formulação estratégica começa com a definição de uma estratégia corporativa. Isto envolve: Conhecer as necessidades, forças e fraquezas dos 4 maiores players: Clientes Fornecedores Competidores A própria Companhia Estabelecer uma visão que provavelmente ocorrerrá quando estratégias não-convencionais, desconhecidas ou mesmo contra-intuitivas forem consideradas. Estratégia Logística Corporate to Functional Strategic Planning Os Objetivos da Estratégia Logística são: Minimizar o custo Maximizar o serviço ao cliente Minimizar o Investimento Níveis de planejamento logístico Estratégico Tático Operacional RRL (ROLA) External factors Economic Regulatory Technological Competitive Corporate strategic plan Marketing As 4 areas de problemas na cadeia de suprimentos Nível de serviço ao cliente Localização de facilidades Decisões de estoque Decisões de transporte Recall the logistics strategy triangle Manufacturing Logistics Finance Quando planejar? Quando não existe uma rede logística consolidada. Quando não houve uma reavaliação nos últimos 5 anos. Functional strategic plans

2 Flow of Logistics Planning Objetivo da Logística Individual Link of Logistics System Facility location Operations strategy Inventory management Information systems Material handling Traffic and transportation Planning and control methods Organization Business goals and strategies Customer service requirements Integrated logistics planning Design of integrated logistics management system Overall performance measures Maximizar o Retorno dos Recursos Logísticos (RRL) Return on LOgistics Assets (ROLA) Contribuição da Logística para as Vendas RRL = RECEIT AS CUSTOS RECURSOS Investimento em Recursos Logísticos Custos da Operação Logística Strategic, Tactical, and Operational Decision Making Decision area Strategic Tactical Operational Transportation Mode selection Seasonal equipment leasing Dispatching Inventories Location, Control policies Safety stock levels Order filling Order processing Purchasing Warehousing Facility location Order entry, transmittal, and processing system design Development of supplierbuyer relations Handling equipment selection, Layout design Number, size, and location of warehouses Contracting, Forward buying Space utilization Processing orders, Filling back orders Expediting Order picking and restocking CR (24) Prentice Hall, Inc. 2-7 Six Concepts for Logistics Strategy Formulation Total cost concept Tradeoff conflicting costs at optimum Differentiated distribution Not all products should be provided the same level of customer service Mixed strategy A pure strategy has higher costs than a mixed strategy Postponement Delay formation of the final product as long as possible Shipment consolidation Smaller shipment sizes have disproportionately higher transportation costs than larger ones Product standardization Avoid product variety since it adds to inventory CR (24) Prentice Hall, Inc.

3 A Cost Conflict in Logistics

4 Pure vs. Mixed Strategy Choosing the Right Supply Chain Strategy Classification of Products Low margin Efficient Functional Products-- Predictable demand Retail food products Innovative Products-- Unpredictable demand Electronic equipment Predictable/Mature Products Jello Corn Flakes Lawn fertilizer Ball point pens Light bulbs Auto replacement tires Some industrial chemicals Tomato soup Unpredictable/Introductory Products New music recordings New computer games Fashion clothes Art works Movies Consulting services New product offerings of existing product lines High margin

5 Choosing the Right Supply Chain Strategy Efficient supply chain Supply-tostock Supply-toorder Economical production runs Finished goods inventories Economical buy quantities Large shipment sizes Batch order processing Excess capacity Quick changeovers Short lead times Flexible processing Premium transportation Single order processing Actions for Misclassified Products Supply Chain Design Type Supply-to-Stock/ Efficient Supply-to-Order/ Predictable/ Mature Tomato Soup If product is here Product Characteristic Unpredictable/ Introductory If product is here Personal Computer Models Seven Principles of Supply Chain Management Segment customers based on service needs Listen to signals of market demand and plan accordingly Design to customer needs Develop a supply-chain-wide technology strategy Boundary spanning info. systems Customize the logistics network Differentiate product closer to the customer Source strategically Postponement Adopt channel-spanning performance measures Source: Accenture Consulting Differentiated distribution