The Brazilian Pantanal: an overview

Transcrição

1 The Brazilian : an overview

2 The Brazilian

3 Paraguay River basin in Brazil, Bolivia e Paraguay Data source: Padovani et al unpublished data

4 Data Source: Padovani et al.

5 Where we are

6 Where we are

7 Total area of Paraguay River basin: Km 2 (ANA) High Paraguay River basin in Brazil: km 2 Estimated total area of the : ± km 2 Estimated area of Brazilian : km 2 (70 a 85%) Estimated Bolivian : (10 a 15%) Estimated Paraguay : (± 5%)

8 Brazilian 65% in MS, 35% in MT Geological age: 65 million years - uplifting of the Andes mountains Sand soils (65%) Wet soils (92%) Low fertility (72%)

9 Precipitation a mm/year, typically seasonal Vegetation dominated by savanna influenced by:. Amazon forest. Chaco. Atlantic forest

10 Economy Traditional cattle ranching: 3 millions Sport Fishing (MS): 56 thousand fishermen/year Rural Tourism: few Eco-tourism: potential

11 Fishery sport & professional Tons of fish Sport fishery Professional fishery Month

12 Sport fishery Average number of sport fishermen Month

13 Biodiversity Flora species (220 aquatic) Fauna Mammals 90 species Reptiles..162 species Birds 700 species Amphibians 45 species Fishes..263 species Arthropods.millions

14 Environmental Impacts From outside:.increase of the sediment load (filling the rivers beds, permanently flooded areas). Deforestation and dams (changes in the flood pulse).increase in the input of agricultural chemicals, domestic and industrial wastewater (water bodies contamination).climatic changes

15 Environmental Impact Inside:.Conversion of original vegetation for exotic pastures.engineering Projects (dikes, roads, hydrovias, infra-structure).uncontrolled amount of fires.over fishing (?) esca (?)

16 Sub-regions of the (11) Data Source: Silva e Abdon, 1998

17 Sub-regions of the (10) Data Source: Hamilton and Sippel, 1996

18 Geology (46) Data Source: PCBAP

19 Geomorphology Data Source: PCBAP

20 relief Data Source: Padovani et al unpublished data

21 relief Data Source: Padovani et al unpublished data

22 relief Data Source: Padovani et al unpublished data

23 relief & delimitation Data Source: Padovani et al unpublished data

24 Soils (52) Data Source: PCBAP

25 Vegetation Data Source: PCBAP

26 Vegetation (34) Data Source: PCBAP

27 Drainage Data Source: PCBAP

28 Hydrological behavior Data Source: Galdino e Clarke, 1994

29 Precipitation and river water level precipitation (mm) Precipitation in Corumbá from 1984 to 2000 months jan feb mar apr may jun jul aug sep oct nov dec avg gage (m) Paraguai river gage in Ladário from 1984 to 2000 months jan feb mar apr may jun jul aug sep oct nov dec Data Source: Padovani unpublished data avg

30 in dry season

31 in dry season

32 in wet season

33 in wet season

34 Flood and dry seazon in the FLOODED PANTANAL Km 2 % FLOODED 103, NO FLOODED 43, , DRY PANATANAL Km 2 % FLOODED 46, NO FLOODED 100, ,

35 FLOOD MONITORING 2001 dry season driest year 2003 wet season wettest year Data Source: Padovani et al. 2005

36 FLOOD MONITORING October, 2001 dry period Data Source: Padovani et al. 2005

37 FLOOD MONITORING June, 2003 flood period Data Source: Padovani et al. 2005

38 FLOOD MONITORING Image difference Data Source: Padovani et al. 2005

39 Food monitoring system Data Source: Padovani developing research

40 CÓDIGO FLORESTAL BRASILEIRO LEI 4.771/65 de 15 de setembro de 1965 Case study for Nhumirim farm, Nhecolândia

41 Nhumirim farm location

42 Small flood

43 Average flood

44 Maximum flood

45 Floods and changes in the landscape % of area 60 % inundação pequena inundação média inundação máxima Intensidade de inundação water forest+shrubs field

46 Protected area - lakes

47 Protected area - vazante

48 Lake margin - with cattle

49 Lake margin - without cattle

50 Fauna monitoring - Caiman Data source: Mourão, G.M., et al gui@cpap.embrapa.br

51 Fauna monitoring Pampas Deer Data source: Mourão, G.M., et al

52 Fauna monitoring Marsh Deer Data source: Mourão, G.M., et al

53 Landscape diversity Data Source: Padovani unpublished data

54 Deforestation in the Data source: Padovani et al, 2004

55 Data Source: Padovani unpublished data

56 Permanent floods

57 Permanent floods Data source: Padovani et al, 2005

58 Taquari avulsions - Caronal

59 Increase of the silting of the Taquari River in the Data source: Godoy, Padovani et al, 2001

60 Roads Data source: PCBAP

61 Roads in the (2000) Data source: Padovani et al

62 Roads in the (2000) Data source: Padovani et al

63 Cities Data source: PCBAP

64 Municipalities Data Source: IBGE

65 Obrigado! Thank you!