6 Só será permitido o uso de dicionário INGLÊS/INGLÊS. 8 Utilize para rascunhos o verso de cada página deste Caderno.

Transcrição

1 Confira se os dados contidos na parte inferior desta capa estão corretos e, em seguida, assine no espaço reservado para isso. Se, em qualquer outro local deste Caderno, você assinar, rubricar, escrever mensagem, etc., será excluído do Exame. Este Caderno contém 05 questões discursivas referentes à Prova da Língua Estrangeira escolhida pelo candidato. Não destaque nenhuma folha. Se o Caderno estiver incompleto ou contiver imperfeição gráfica que impeça a leitura, solicite imediatamente ao Fiscal que o substitua. Será avaliado apenas o que estiver escrito no espaço reservado para cada resposta, razão por que os rascunhos não serão considerados. Escreva de modo legível, pois dúvida gerada por grafia, sinal ou rasura impli cará redução de pontos. 6 Só será permitido o uso de dicionário INGLÊS/INGLÊS. 7 Use exclusivamente caneta esferográfica, confeccionada em material transparente, de tinta preta ou azul. Em nenhuma hipótese se avaliará resposta escrita com grafite. 8 Utilize para rascunhos o verso de cada página deste Caderno. 9 Você dispõe de, no máximo, três horas, para responder as 5 questões que constituem a Prova. 10 Antes de retirar-se definitivamente da sala, devolva ao Fiscal este Caderno. Assinatura do Candidato:

2 As questões de 01 a 05, cujas respostas deverão ser redigidas EM PORTUGUÊS, referem -se ao texto abaixo. Traditional Agriculture in America R S Loomis University of California, Davis Agriculture presents a fertile field for the analysis of technological change for a number of reasons, including our strong concern about the future adequacy of food supplies. In our highly urbanized world, human beings are no less dependent on the land tha n they were in the past, but we now have only tenuous connections to it; it is natural to wonder whether things are being done properly out there. At present, as in the past, the merits of old and new directions in agriculture are actively discussed, and words such as traditional, appropriate, alternative, and sustainable are used to characterize views that contrast with contemporary (i.e. modem or conventional) agriculture. Few of these terms have precise definitions. Schultz provides something of a foun dation when he writes: Farming based wholly upon the kinds of factors of production that have been used by farmers for generations can be called traditional agriculture" (83, p. 3). He had in mind the differences between a modem agriculture with inputs and management based on scientific knowledge, and primitive, labor-oriented systems without scientific Knowledge. Since many "modem" practices have survived for hundreds of generations, a better definition would be based on measures of efficiency or intensity. Some of the terms represent beliefs in the need for less demanding life styles while recognizing that science is necessary in some degree. Others represent political or religious ideologies with clements of anti science, including the proposition that Adam Smith's nature extends beyond the materials and processes discernible by science to include cosmic and spiritual levels and the transmutation of elements (9). The term organic farming embraces most nonconventional approaches, as well as those traditional in America before Current definitions of organic farming are generally based on the exclusion of manufactured chemicals; mined but still "natural" phosphate and potassium ores are permitted, but the use of natural nitrogen gas from the atmospher e, reduced with natural gas, is excluded (68). Legal definitions of organic farming may also allow the application of manures generated from chemically grown feeds or the use of lands that have been chemically treated in previous years (California State Law). All farming is organic, however, and since 18% of our cropland is normally planted to leguminous forages, the basic nutrient supply of conventional agriculture is also organic. In this review, the development of the "new farming systems" of Europe (i.e. legume rotations and the use of manure) is traced, presented as a concept of traditional agriculture, and compared with conventional agriculture. In America, discussions about traditional agriculture suggest two basic issues: whether the present stewardship of the land and of our food sources are adequate for both now and the future; and whether our cultural root, the agrarian society, is healthy. This analysis deals mainly with the first question, considering its historical roots and exploring several To pics of ecological interest. Disponível em: Acesso em: 7 jun UFRN Exame de Proficiência 2010_1 Inglês Ciências Agrárias 1

3 Questão 1 Por que, segundo o autor, a agricultura é um campo fértil para análise da mudança tecnológica? Questão 2 De acordo com o autor, quais diferenças Schultz tinha em mente ao propor o conceito de agricultura tradicional? UFRN Exame de Proficiência 2010_1 Inglês Ciências Agrárias 2

4 Questão 3 Explique em que consiste o termo organic farming. Questão 4 Em que se baseiam as definições atuais de current farming. UFRN Exame de Proficiência 2010_1 Inglês Ciências Agrárias 3

5 Questão 5 Traduza o fragmento textual abaixo no espaço reservado para isso. Seu texto deverá apresentar clareza e estar bem articulado tanto em termos estruturais quanto de sentido. In America, discussions about traditional agriculture suggest two basic issues: whether the present stewardship of the land and of our food sources are adequate for both now and the future; and whether our cultural root, the agrarian society, is healthy. This analysis deals mainly with the first question, considering its historical roots and exploring several Topics of ecological interest. ESPAÇO DESTINADO AO TEXTO DEFINITIVO UFRN Exame de Proficiência 2010_1 Inglês Ciências Agrárias 4