Rst d stã Cst Intd #(#):#-#8 (2010) Núm Es 2, Mnuzs d Bs (2010) Jun Inttd Cst Zn Mnmnt #(#):#-#8 (2010)...m nês... www.h.t/ www..n.b Mnuzs d ã d ôn d Bí d unb: st tés ds ms In d O s1 RESUMO Os mnuzs d ôn d bí d unb sntm tumnt, útm dut snt d mnuzs m ntínu, d 85% d tt, d ã tân d Bí d unb, ut dnsmnt ud st t d ssstm tân d tnsçã, nt m t m. Est tbh bjtu nt dds ts qu dmnstssm ss d dmnuçã hstó ds mnuzs n ã studd. Nss sntd, m ntds tnt dds s, çã d ts ntméts m d ssçã dt d mns d stét. O tbh nu, m bs nsss nmçõs ts qu n dsss mnuzs qunt d 2,3 zs tu. s-h: mnuzs, t, snsmnt mt, bí d unb ABSRAC h mns unb B snt t snt th st snnt dubt mns n ntnuus, und 85 % th tt, ths tt, n dns ud b ths t st tnstn sstm, btwn th s nd th nd. hs wk md t jn th dt tht dmnstt th hst ss dutn mns n th studd n. In ths dtn, t hd bn td suh h dt, tn th ms nd dt sstn stt ms. h wk nuds, bsd n ths th nmtn tht th n mns ws qunt t but 2,3 tms th unt n. Kwds: Dtmnt d Ans mbnt, UFF- Unsdd Fd Fumnns, n@m.u.b 1
s Rst d stã Cst Intd / Jun Inttd Cst Zn Mnmnt #(#):#-# (2010) 1. INRODUÇÃO 5- M d Bí d unb. C Lht d R d Jn, 1935, s n 1/35000, dtd m bs m s (1992). 5- Cssçã Dt ds mnuzs d ôn d Bí d unb, m bs m mns M/Lndst 5 d 1986 1989. 6- Cssçã Dt d AA d umm, m bs m n ME/Lndst 7 d 2002. Qund d hd ds nzds, ã st d bí d unb m su m t ud, stns, s, bjs mnuzs. O ss d uçã dss ã, sutu, n dsss 500 ns, n qus xtnçã dsss ssstms, mut tdmnt nhds n mund nt, m d t mtân d d bís stus. Os mnuzs mnsnts n ã d ôn d bí d unb, sndnt à x tân ds munís d Mé, umm, Itbí Sã nç, qu nsttum AA umm, um tumnt, d 69 Km2 m dss nís d sçã, sntnd 85% ds mnuzs mnsnts m td bí (IRES,1992). Rntmnt, nd m 2006, um x d d 8 Km2, d su ms td, dtd m Estçã Eó, ESEC unb. A squs bjtu dmnst ss d uçã dstuçã hstó sd st ssstm, tés d suzçã d dnts ntns d dumntçã t xstnt ( 1500 1982) d ns d std mbnt d btu t mnsnt, btd ssçã d mns d stét ds sés MSS M/LANDSA (1976 2002). 3. MEODOLOIA Aós dtzçã, dumntçã t utzd, justd dtmnt, utznd-s m COREL DRAW, sã 12. Os ms m dsnhds m s ún, xmdmnt 1/100.000, m d n mçã su ds dnts ntns, tés ds dss íds hstós s sntds. Ess just bsu-s nmnt m mçã dds, nús ubns, stds t. qu m dntds ns dss bss ts n ds dss íds mds. Os ms dts sndm sutds sstmts, btds tés d ssmnt d mns bts d sé M/LANDSA 4, 5 7. Rsst-s n ntnt qu m sutd nss dçã, btd utznd-s ntã, mm d sns MSS (Mutst Snn Sstm) d LANDSA 3, ssm d d 1976. Est mmnt s ntã, d m n, qu std d btu t tés d suçã st dsnbzd st t d sstm bt d du d suí tst, m mntçã d AA umm, uj dt ntu m 1984. O sstm d ssçã utzd, mnt dtmnd tés d tbhs d m ds m ts és n s 1/ 20.000 1/8.000 (FUNDREM) d msm n d n bt utzd, u sj, 1976. 2. MAERIAIS E MEODOLOIA N squs, m utzds s sunts ms bss ts d dnts és nts, ém d ssçã dt d ns btds stét dntds su: 1- M ds Mnuzs d Rôn d Bí d unb m 1500, s n 1/ 191.000, dtd m bs m AMADOR (1997). 2 - Ct d B d R Mu, DNOS (1898), s n 1/100 m, dtd m bs m IRES (1992). 3 - Sçã d Cts ts, IBE DS 1974 1982, s n 1/50 m, dtd m bs m IRES (1992). 4- M d Us d s hstó d ôn d Bí d unb. s (1985) dtd d Mnds, 1950. 4. RESULADOS A u 1, btd sçã, nsã d ss ntçã, d m bss ts dsmnds ntmnt. O m sntd n u 1 é d dm snót, dd nd dnç d nçã, -2-
s Rst d stã Cst Intd / Jun Inttd Cst Zn Mnmnt #(#):#-# (2010) téns ss d bçã dsss nmçõs ts. Smnt sçã d bss ts, sçã d ts 1/50000 d 1976 é ssí d b xmçã ds s mds. Um ut mmnt utzd squs, Bxd d unb -Us d S Hstó sntd u 2 su, tt s dss s duts qu s sudm t d n ds ns 1700 té mds ds ns 50, j n séu XX. Atés dst dumntçã nzd nmnt MENDES (1950), ntnd-s qu ss d dmnuçã d ud s mnuzs studds, n-s d m ms dnt nd n n d sé. XVII, m n Fu 1. Euçã hstó ds mts ds mnuzs d Rôn d Bí d unb: íd 1500 1982. Fu 2- M Hstó d Us d btu d s nt: s (1985), dtd m bs m Mnds (1950) -3-
s Rst d stã Cst Intd / Jun Inttd Cst Zn Mnmnt #(#):#-# (2010) d n d çú, substtuíd t d séu XIX, utu d é j n ní d séu XX tutu. Esss s duts, sm tnd nmnt md xt dmndm nds bs d nstutu d dnm d ã qu m mut, ntm n dmnuçã d ud mnuzs ssstms ssds. Ess stuçã duu té mds d sé. XX, qund ss ã j m ddên dutst, d sç uts s ms ntns mçm s bndnds. A t d n d déd ds 40, sã s çõs d uçã, zds j xtnt DNOS (Dtmnt Nn d Obs Snmnt) tés d ntnss bs d tçã dnm qu dnm d mn ms dnt, s mts dsss mnuzs d ã d ôn d Bí d unb, tu Á d tçã Ambnt d umm. A u 3 su, snt um njunt d ts sttuíds t d ts btds tés d tms és m bõs õs. A sçã m snt um sussã d mmnts qu sntm um tudd, utzçã d ts és m nt d sus sttuçõs. A m bs, ud d d mt d xtnt DNOS, tt t d ã d ôn, ms smnt b d Mu, n mnn d u d d td ã hd d Bí d unb. Ess ã n ds nds jts d nnh, tçã dnm mmntds DNOS qu m s d bs n u, t su ní t d n d sé. XIX. A bs n utzd, dsnh zd m 1933, m bs n n d 1898, hm tnçã sm tén t utzd n Fu 3. Sçã d ts ms btds sttuçã d ts és. -4-
s Rst d stã Cst Intd / Jun Inttd Cst Zn Mnmnt #(#):#-# (2010) bmnt ní d sã d su nçã, qu m j sntd, s tnd s mnús d um jt d nnh. As ts és utzds, m btds âms nstds m bõs. Ess ss utzd nd m ut bs duzd m 1922 msm DNOS, um m ntmét qu utzu tén d hshumnt snt qu nã hu s utzd nst sçã, dd t dnsdd d nmçõs sntds, qu dut su dtzçã dsnh, ém d qub un mdd n njunt ds sntçõs utzds. A ên, nst s, dd m d C. Lht d n ét d 1935, tmbém nnd t d utzçã d ts és, snd nst s, dthmnt d tn ns d jts hdéts dmndds ã mttn d R d Jn, ntã m n xnsã. A t dí, sã s çõs d uçã, m dnmnd nus squsds, qu sndm bs d tçã dnm zds j xtnt DNOS (Dtmnt Nn d Obs Snts), qu n n d déd d 40, dnm s mts dsss mnuzs n ã d ôn d Bí d unb. Fz t tmbém dss b d sntçõs ts, um sçã duçã d njunt d ts ts qu bm ã n s d 1/50.000, hs: Bí d unb (1982), M (1970) Itbí(1974) tós ( 1975), nnds Dt d Sç d xét (DS) Fundçã Insttut Bs d (IBE), n dã tmét nó qu tumnt, m dtmnt, snd substtuíd tmt dt ssbdds téns nds ss à çã d ns m mutbnds m suçõs ns d sm-dth. N ní d déd d 80, nt d sdd, tnd SBC (Sdd Bs ss d Cên) du-s ní s sçõs qu umnm n dt d çã d AA d umm m 1984. Os ms msm ts és nmts mtm tã smnt tç s mts dsss ssstms sm ssbdd d qu-s mbntmnt. A t d 1981, du-s n, d m n n Bs, sé d mmnts mntmnt d mnuzs utznd-s mns bts mutsts, n s tés d sstm MSS/ Lndst. Est sstm bt, d suçã nmn d 80 mts, nt ss d 1/60.000 m bm ní d dsmnçã d s, m btu t us d s d um md. O Sstm d Cssçã n utzd, mst 6 sss d btu t d mnuz. A nd dtd st ssçã, s bsu n Sstm d Cssçã dt, st nmnt IRES (1985), utznd m nt n d nmçã, n d sé MSS/ Lndst d d 1976. A utzçã ds duts d sé M/Lndst t d 1986, m suçã nmn d 30 mts, mtu qu sstm ssss s nsttuíd d 12 sss tmts IRES (1992). Ess ní d suçã st mtu ntã, dsn um Índ Ftsntét bsd ns ssts sts ds çõs mds qu m nds m um Cnt d Á F, btd tbhs d m. A u 4 su, snt sutds btds j m suçã d 30 mts nd m um íd bstnt ít d dsmtmnt ds mnuzs d umm. Ess íd ndu m nd s d tó qu ntã nt, tznd snts ds d s uds mnuzs. Um dmnt st n mtd dss mmnt é dmtçã sçã ds mts d nsdd m mnuz snd- 4.1 Cssçã Dt d mns bts A t d ní d déd d 70, n Bs, nmnt ós çã d INE (Insttut Nn d squss Ess) d dsnbzçã m s mund d ns bts d sé Lndst, nmnt nhd s ERS ( Eth Rsus Stt), du-s ní à bzçã d jts d mmnt mntmnt tmts m êns n btu t, xnd s -5-
s Rst d stã Cst Intd / Jun Inttd Cst Zn Mnmnt #(#):#-# (2010) d x d ntn djnt tnt d t m qunt d u. A t mn usd st sstm d ssçã: sd, nd, m nçã, td, t., bsu-s n ní d qu, s bsqus d mnu mnsnts nst undd d nsçã, nã sndm ququ dã d znmnt n, m st m studs nts (DANSEREAU, 1946 uts) dstd m Aúj M (1978). Mnu sd Ess ss snt s çõs d mnu d dmín ds tês sés bós ns (Rhzh mn, Ann shun Lunu ms) qu um nmnt õs d nj d mszn. Cm s qu hm nç tu nt 8 15 mts, d (dâmt à tu d t) nt 7,5 25 ntímts dnsdd d 23 55 ndídus ht. Ess ss snt dss u nd é ssí dnt Fu 4. Cssçã Dt ds mnuzs d Rôn d Bí d unb. Cns LANDSA d 1986 1989. -6-
s Rst d stã Cst Intd / Jun Inttd Cst Zn Mnmnt #(#):#-# (2010) bsqus u s sds d Ann shun d té 18m d tu 41m d DA m m sçõs d bsqus óxm dd m Mé. m ms snt mnu dnt m dçã t m m sçõs às mns d s m u Cbu. Mnu Rnd S Exst Ess ss snd çõs d dmín ds tês sés bós qu hj um s ntmnt dsmtds. Asntm tu méd nt 5,5 7,0m, d nt 5 7m dnsdd nd nt 75 85 ndídus ht, sntnd t dnsdd, dss ms u mns u u s xst nt. Est ss é dmnnt m tms d xtt bó m td mnuz d umm. S sçõs ms ntmnt dsmtds s uns d nj xtn nmnt n ã d Funh d m Sã nç. A u 5 tb I sntm sutds dss ss d mntmnt qu t d suçõs dnmnds d tíssm suçã m s sntds s stéts ds sés Ikns, Quk Bd nd n dst n d stét Chnês/ Bs, CBERS II b, stã snd tuzds, ntnd um n sstm d ssçã dt, m ní d dth mtí m suçõs ss mns qu 4 mts. Ess ssçã n mmnt d us d s d d t m djnt,dnt ds mts d AA. Mnu m Rnçã Ess ss snd çõs m dmín d um u ut sé bó, und s d mnuz dsmtd ms ntmnt. As sés sntm ndídus m tu méd nt 3,0 3,8m, d nt 2,5 3,0m dnsdd nd nt 175 195 ndídus ht, sntnd dnsdd mut t, dss u nnhum s xst nt. Est ss st bstnt snt té d 25 ns ts dnd m ms td às s d bsqus nds. Mnu Atd 1 5. CONCLUSÃO Cm dmnstd squs zd, xtmmnt duzd n ud mnuzs ssstms ts dd ss d uçã d t nt d Bí d unb. D n d mnuzs qu bm ã d ôn d Bí d unb, ttds m t t hstó squsd, stm d 40%. Ess dut su z, snt 85% d mnuz m x ntínu mnsnt m td d bí. É ss ã qu bí b 70% d ntbuçã d u d tés d s m: Mu/u, uí, Cbu uxndb. Cm dmnstm studs nts, sss mnuzs, s d ss hstó d su dstuçã, nd dsmnhm sus unçõs bss d t ntu d sdmnts, bç, dut d mté ân n d quíssm tun, sns dt qudd d d m td bí ém d mntnd d ntns d mís qu dí tm su sustnt mnt nôm. Sçõs d mnuz uds sés nss, nmnt Hsbus nmbunss, Asthum uum míns. Asntnd substt td s xst dnt. Em sçõs óxms nnt ds s uí Cbu djêns, sss çõs stã snts h ms d 4 déds nm dmnstd mns ts és squsds. Mnu Atd 2 Fçõs busts sss, míns, u s xst dnt. Esss çõs sã bstnt snts às mns d Cbu us quômts nts d su dsu n bí. Mnu Atd 3 Sçõs ttmnt uds míns, smnt nçds nds més. Sçõs bstnt dssss m td mnuz ms d -7-
s Rst d stã Cst Intd / Jun Inttd Cst Zn Mnmnt #(#):#-# (2010) Fu 5. Us d S Cbtu Vt d AA d umm. -8-
s Rst d stã Cst Intd / Jun Inttd Cst Zn Mnmnt #(#):#-# (2010) Mnds, R. S. (1950) - sns utus d Bxd Fumnns. s Dutd.. Unsdd d Sã u. Sã u, 240. s, I. O. (1986) - Mmnt d mnuzs d ôn d Bí d unb, RJ, tés d téns d snsmnt mt. Dsstçã. Insttut d squss Ess, Sã Jsé ds Cms, 86. s, I.O. (1992) - Mntmnt d mnuzs d AA umm, RJ, tés d çã d dds d tmss d dân d M/ LANDSA. s d Dutd, Unsdd d Sã u. Sã u, 149. BIBLIORAFIA Amd, (1980) - Undds sdmnts nzós d ôn d Bí d unb. Ans d Adm Bs d Cêns. R d Jn,. 52, n.4,.756-761. Auj, D.S.D. & M, N. C. (1979) - Os mnuzs d ôn d Bí d unb. FEEMA, R d Jn.82. IBAMA (2003). Lntmnt d ts, d nun, d un ntmnçã ó ds mnuzs d AA umm, RJ. Rtó tén. R d jn, 140. -9-