? Produzir materiais de alto valor agregado, como nanobiomaterials, bionano composites ( av ia o, automotiv o, etc...)

Transcrição

1 Missão do R esiduall? N o criar produtos que venham a competir com comida? Usar residuos agrícolas, industriais e urbanos? Gerar tecnologias próprias ( empresas, públicas, etc...)? Densificar cadeias produtivas de plantas em reg i es economicamente deprimidas? Produzir materiais de alto valor agregado, como nanobiomaterials, bionano composites ( av ia o, automotiv o, etc...) 31

2 Processos Utilizados em Compósitos na UNES P - Botucatu s Extrus o ( Macro, Micro e Nano) s Moldag em por Inje o s T ermoformag em s BMC ( parceria com empresas) s S MC ( parceria com empresas) s RTM ( parceria com empresas) s LFRT Long Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastics Termoplásticos Refor ados com Fibras Longas perfis e dormentes ferroviários ( em desenv olv imento) FONTE: VEJA, ANO 32(11):60-62, 17/03/99

3 Natural Fibers in S cience s First publication word: 1892 s Natural Fibers: 8945 articles and books s Natural Fibers C omposites: 980 s Biobased C omposites: 94 s Nanocellulose: 29 s Patents: 4, 400 S o, reinventing the wheel? No: Aiming the S tate of the art!!!!!!!! 33

4 Biocomposites Oksman,

5 Bionanocomposites Oksman,

6 Natural Fibers in South America Brazil is the biggest producer and s Abaca Ecuador s Fique Colombia, Ecuador s Totora Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia s Flax Argentina (?) s Embira Brazil s Caroá Brazil s Bamboo - Brazil s Phormium (imbira, New Zealand Flax) - Brazil s Curauá Brazil, Venezuela s Kurowa (curaua) - Guiana s Sugar cane bagasse Brazil, Cuba and Colombia, consumer s s s s s s s s s s s Sisal Brazil, Cuba, Haiti México Buriti, Carnauba, Buriti, and Tucum NE of Brazil (native palm trees Malva & Jute Brazil Coir Brazil Banana Brazil Hemp Chile Taboa (Typha) - Brazil Piteira Brazil and Ecuador Tagua Ecuador Jarina Brazil (Vegetable ivory) Piaçava Bahia, Brazil 36

7 Early Stages of Curauá Plants from Meristem Tissues and Seeds

8 Nutrition Experiments for Curauá Plants at UNESP

9 Curauá Fabrics Fashion Show at ISNAPol 2000

10 Fibers Composition I tem T aboa Curaua P ineapple B anana Coir E x tractives Hot W ater ( % ) Lig nin K lason ( % ) H olocellulos e ( % ) Cellulos e ( % ) A shes ( % )

11 E volution of Natural Fiber Composites

12 Natural Fiber Composite A pplications and T echnolog ies

13 Nanometric S cale

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15 45

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17 Isolation of Nanocellulose From NF Raw Plant Fiber Pressure Drop Steam Explosion Bleaching Nanofibrils Crushing Mechanical Agitation Acid Hydrolysis Acid Treatment

18 Processing of Nanocomposites Alternative = use of an aqueous dispersed polymer (natural latex) Water Evaporation (T>Tg) Particle Coalescence Nanocomposite Film

19 P hormium Nanocellulose 49

20 Applications

21 Applications

22 Applications

23 Cellulose Based Nanocomposites Cellulose nanofibers or crystals as reinforcements or additives in polymers Interesting properties High mechanical properties High thermal stability Large surface area Bio-compatible Light weight Optical transparency High water binding capability

24 NC Nanocomposites in Aviation

25 S ource of Nanocellulose Banana Tree Bamboo Sugar Cane Cotton Plant Nanocellulose Sisal Palm Tree Wheat Coconut

26 Nanocomposite Process: Melt C ompounding? Mixing the melt polymer and nano whiskers in a twin screw extruder? Possible to scale up? Possible to compression mold or injection mold samples? High temperature process? Large amount of materials is needed

27 Mechanical Properties of Nanocellulose-PP Nanocomposite

28 Mechanical Properties of Nanocellulose-PP Nanocomposite

29 Fruity coupes Pineapples and bananas for more fuel-efficient cars Industry Leaders Magazine The rise of Green Plastic These completely renewable fruit- based plastic fibres can be almost as stiff as Kevlar, according to Alcides Leao, lead scientist of the S ao Paulo team developing the plastic. However, their major point of difference lies in the fact that these nanocellulose fibers would be made from source materials that are completely biodegradable and renewable. 59

30 Nano-enhanced technologies can generate clean water for safe drinking at point of use. Nano silver/gold filter 60

31 Nanocellulose- P P Nanocomposites for A utomotive P arts ESEM Micrograph of Cellulose- PP Nanocomposite TEM Micrograph of Cellulose-PP Nanocomposite

32 Digital Displays