Correção P2_Primeiro Trimestre_2016. Primeiro Ano do Ensino Médio

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1 Correção P2_Primeiro Trimestre_2016 Primeiro Ano do Ensino Médio

2 1. (2,0) What is an accent? (Responda em inglês Respostas em português serão desconsideradas) The way in which people in a particular area, country or social group pronounce words. 2. (1,0) (Fuvest 2011) Reescreva usando a forma correta do verbo no Future Perfect: a) By next December I (take), tennis lessons for three months. will have taken b) Albert (be) in bed for four hours by the time I finish my classes today. Will have been

3 3. (1,5) Who is David Crystal? (Responda em inglês Respostas em português serão desconsideradas) David Crystal (born 6 July 1941) is a British linguist, academic and author.

4 An earthquake rides on a principle of disintegration-the disintegration not only of architecture and pavements and lives but also of the entire idea of order of process and human control. "What can one believe quite safe" asked Seneca, "if the world itself is shaken and its most solid parts totter to their fall... and the earth lose its chief characteristic stability?" In March 1933, Albert Einstein was visiting the Long Beach campus of the University of California. He and his host from the department of geology walked through the campus, intently discussing the motions of earthquakes. Suddenly they looked up in puzzlement to see people running out of campus buildings. Einstein and the other scientist had been so busy discussing seismology that they did not notice the earthquake occurring under their feet. TIME. OCTOBER (1,0) (Fuvest 1990) "What can one believe quite safe, if the world itself is shaken?" Reescreva a sentença destacada no Future Perfect:... If the world itself will have shaken

5 5. (1,5) What are the first, second and third most common languages spoken in the world? (Responda em inglês Respostas em português serão desconsideradas) 1st Mandarin Chinese 2nd Spanish 3rd English

6 TEXT BRASÍLIA Brazil s highest court has long viewed itself as a bastion of manners and formality. Justices call one another Your Excellency, dress in billowing robes and wrap each utterance in grandiloquence, as if little had changed from the era when marquises and dukes held sway from their vast plantations. In one televised feud, Mr. Barbosa questioned another justice about whether he would even be on the court had he not been appointed by his cousin, aformer president impeached in With another justice, Mr. Barbosa rebuked him over what the chief justice considered his condescending tone, telling him he was not his capanga, a term describing a hired thug. ( ) Last November, at Mr. Barbosa s urging, the high court sentenced some of the most powerful figures in the governing Workers Party to years in prison for their crimes in the scheme, including bribery and unlawful conspiracy, jolting a political system in which impunity for politicians has been the norm. Now the mensalão trial is entering what could be its final phases, and Mr. Barbosa has at times been visibly exasperated that defendants who have already been found guilty and sentenced have managed to avoid hard jail time. He has clashed with other justices over their consideration of a rare legal procedure in which appeals over close votes at the high court are examined. 6. (1,0) (Uece 2014) In the sentence A political system in which impunity in politics has been the norm, the verb phrase in the future perfect tense becomes: a) would have been. b) will have been. c) will have being. d) will been being.

7 How to Feed a Growing Planet Here s an uncomfortable math problem: by 2045 Earth s population will likely have swelled from seven to nine billion people. To fill all those stomachs while accounting for shifting consumption patterns, climate change, and a finite amount of arable land and potable water some experts say global food production will have to double. How can we make the numbers add up? Julian Cribb, author of The Coming Famine, says higher yielding crop varieties and more efficient farming methods will be crucial. So will waste reduction. Cribb and other experts urge cities to reclaim nutrients and water from waste streams and preserve farmland. Poor countries, they say, can improve crop storage and packaging. And rich nations could cut back on resource-intensive foods like meat. In fact, wherever there is easy access to cheap food, people buy more than they consume. We could thus all start by shopping smarter and cleaning our plates. As Cribb notes, food security is increasingly a collective challenge. It s also a chance "to pull together on something we can all agree about, share and enjoy" = 09. Adaptado de: Amanda Fiegl National Geographic Magazine, July 2011 [01] will have swelled está no Future Perfect, que tem como equivalente, em português, o futuro do presente composto, e will have to double está no Simple Future que tem como equivalente, em português, o futuro do presente. [08] O Future Perfect é usado para uma ação que terá acontecido em determinado momento do futuro, já o Simple Future é usado para um acontecimento que deverá ocorrer no futuro. 7. (1,0) (Uepg 2012) Com relação aos segmentos verbais will likely have swelled e will have to double, ambos presentes no primeiro parágrafo do texto, assinale o que for correto. 01) O primeiro está no futuro do presente composto e o segundo no futuro do presente. 02) O primeiro se refere a um evento já ocorrido e o segundo a um evento ainda por ocorrer. 04) Ambos são tempos verbais equivalentes. 08) O primeiro se refere a um fato que, em 2045, já poderá estar consumado e o segundo se refere a um acontecimento que deverá ocorrer

8 8. (1,0) (UFMG 2002) Quais palavras/expressões o autor do texto usa para indicar as camadas central, intermediária e exterior? a) closer, hub e lie. b) center, spot e fringe lie. c) hub, closer to the center e farther out. d) spot, middle e either. e) the wheel, standard e circle.

9 Questão desafio! Esta questão é baseada em um pequeno texto, seguido de cinco hipóteses em português. Escolha a que exprime a ideia explicitamente nele contida. It pays to be extra careful when you are travelling where you are not familiar with the currency and the customs. 09. (1,0) (Fuvest 2011) Quem viaja: a)deve se esforçar para se familiarizar com os costumes e com os fatos que ocorrem nos lugares por onde passa. b)deve sempre levar dinheiro consigo. c)precisa ser cuidadoso com a alfândega dos lugares cujas leis conhece pouco. d)nunca se deve pagar mais do que o preço estabelecido. e)deve se acautelar em lugares com cujos hábitos e moeda não estiver familiarizado.

10 Correção P1_Primeiro Trimestre_2016 Segundo Ano do Ensino Médio

11 As questões 1, 2 e 3 eram dissertativas. 4. (1,0) (Epcar (Afa) 2016) In the sentence there is a number of theories that attempt to explain the link (reference 9), it is possible to find an option to substitute the pronoun accordingly in a) when. b) how. c) whom. d) which. [D] O pronome relativo that pode ser substituído por which, pois ambos se referem a theories (teorias) e possuem a função sintática de sujeito.

12 5. (1,0) (Ufrgs 2015) Select the alternative that adequately fills in the blanks in references 1, 2 and 3. a) which which who b) which whose that c) what which who d) that what that e) that which whose [A] A primeira lacuna deve ser completada por which, devido ao uso da vírgula e de se referir aos jogos. A segunda lacuna também deve ser completada por which pelos mesmos motivos. A terceira lacuna deve ser completada por who, pois refere-se às elites e possui função sintática de sujeito

13 6. (1,0) (Unifesp 2014) No trecho do segundo parágrafo which are connected to euphoric reward responses, a palavra which refere-se a a) pleasurable music. b) sex, good food and addictive drugs. c) limbic and paralimbic areas. d) magnetic resonance imaging. e) euphoric reward responses. [C] A alternativa [C] está correta, pois o pronome relativo which refere-se às áreas límbica e paralímbica. O texto afirma que people listening to pleasurable music had activated brain regions called the limbic and paralimbic areas, which are connected to euphoric reward responses, like those we experience from sex, good food and addictive drugs. Those rewards come from a gush of a neurotransmitter called dopamine (pessoas que ouvem músicas agradáveis haviam ativado regiões cerebrais chamadas áreas límbicas e paralímbicas, que são conectadas a reações recompensadoras eufóricas, parecidas com aquelas que sentimos devido ao sexo, boa comida e drogas viciantes. Essas reações vêm de uma grande quantidade do neurotransmissor dopamina).

14 7. (1,0) Explique em português como é possível reconhecer uma defining relative clause e em seguida, dê um exemplo em inglês: 8. (1,0) Explique em português como é possível reconhecer uma non-defining relative clause e em seguida, dê um exemplo em inglês:

15 Questão desafio! Esta questão é baseada em um pequeno texto, seguido de cinco hipóteses em português. Escolha a que exprime uma ideia explicitamente nele contida. Stay healthy, my friend, because the cost of getting well again, which is going up with the dawning of each day, is enough to make you sick. 09. (1,0) (Fuvest 2011) - As palavras acima, escritas em um cartaz espalhado por toda cidade: a)são uma exaltação aos esforços dos que se dedicam aos enfermos. b)sugerem uma receita infalível para a cura do enjôo. c)contêm uma crítica às pessoas que só pensam em doença. d)informam que levantar bem cedo é ótimo para a saúde. e)advertem que cada vez se gasta mais quando se fica doente.

16 Correção P1_Primeiro Trimestre_2016 Terceiro Ano do Ensino Médio

17 Used to / be used to / get used to: qual é a diferença? A: When you start your new job, the journey to work will be quite long, won t it? 60 kilometres? B: Yes, but I m used to travel/travelling a long way. A: How far do you travel now? 30? B: 32. It used to taking/take me about 20 minutes, but now it s often nearly 40. A: Because of the traffic? B: Yes. Last week I used to take/took the train for a few days. But that wasn t any better. It was so full.

18 Used to Used to + infinitivo indica algo que se costumava fazer antigamente, mas que agora não é mais feito habitualmente, uma mudança de hábito. (To talk about the changes between the past and the presente) I used to smoke, but I stopped two years ago. Antigamente eu fumava You used to cycle to work. Why have you stopped? Antigamente você ia de bicicleta ao trabalho We used to live in Scotland before Ann got her new job. Antigamente morávamos na Escócia

19 Be used to Be used to indica hábito existente; be used to something significa estar acostumado a/com algo. (Hábito e familiaridade.) Here in Alaska we re used to cold weather. Aqui no Alasca, estamos acostumados com o tempo frio.

20 Get used to Get used to indica processo de transformar algo em hábito; get used to something significa acostumar-se a/com algo. I can t get used to this new uniform. Não consigo me acostumar com o novo uniforme.

21 Observações gramaticais: Be/get used to pede gerúndio, não infinitive. We re used to eating late. Costumamos comer tarde. He never got used to living abroad. Ele nunca se acostumou com a vida no exterior. Compare: I used to work at nights. Antigamente eu trabalhava à noite. (Mas agora não mais.) I m used to working at the weekend. Estou acostumado com o trabalho / a trabalhar no fim de semana.

22 1. (2,0) Who was Marie Charlotte Carmichael Stopes and how is she related to the text studied - London (Home and family UFCE 2014)? She was a British author, and campaigner for and women's rights. Stopes founded the first birth control clinic in Britain (and was arrested for this) and the texts tells about it in London nowadays. 2. (1,5) According to the same text Family reduction was partly a consequence of women s changing status. Do you agree? Explain your reasons.

23 3. (1,5) Com relação aos usos da expressão Used to, dê três exemplos em inglês para cada um dos seguintes casos: To express familiarity or habits: To talk about the changes between the past and present: 1 2 3

24 4. (1,0) Observe as frases a seguir. Se estiverem corretas do ponto de vista gramatical estudado, marque OK. Se estiverem incorretas, reescreva-as, fazendo as correções necessárias: a. When I started to work here I needed a lot of help, but now I used to do all the work on my own. a. He was used to reading several books a month but he doesn't have time any more. a. We were surprised to see her driving - she didn t use to drive when we first met her. a. It s a simple program to use. I used to it in a few days after I started practising. a. When I had to start working every day I used to getting up very early.

25 5. (1,0) (Mackenzie 2009) Marque a alternativa correta: A. I'm not used to up this early. get getting B. I used to a lot. read reading C. You'll have to get used to on the right when you live there. drive driving D. It took me a while to get used to on a continental keyboard. type typing E. I didn't use to it, but I do now. like liking

26 A. I found it hard to get used to in such a hot country. live living A. Where did you use to when you visited? stay staying A. I used to hard when I was a student. work working A. Have you got used to it yet? do doing A. I'm not used to so much tea. drink drinking

27 6. (1,0) Considere a canção a seguir. Explique de acordo com as regras de uso da expressão Used to a ideia que se pretende transmitir neste contexto: (Esta resposta pode ser escrita em português) I used to love her But I had to kill her I used to love her, Mm, yeah But I had to kill her I had to put her six feet under And I can still hear her complain I used to love her, Oo, yeah But I had to kill her I used to love her, Oo, yeah But I had to kill her I knew I'd miss her So I had to keep her She's buried right in my backyard Oh yeah, Oo yeah, whoa, oh yeah I used to love her (Guns n Roses)

28 Hello, my name is Mary and I would like to tell you a little about myself. I always use a black pen to write my name. and a computer to calculate the answers. I usually have coffee for breakfast but sometimes I have fruit juice. I don't usually drink wine for lunch but I often do for dinner. When I was a little girl I used to play with Barbie dolls (but I don't now). Mitterrand used to be President of France (but he isn't now). My mother always used to make me sandwiches for lunch (but she doesn't now). I used to drink milk out of a bottle when I was a baby (but I don't now). I usually drank water out of a glass when I was a child (and I still do). When I lived in Scotland, I usually had porridge for breakfast (and I sometimes do now). I was born in the country; it took me a long time to get used to the noise and dirt of the town. You should probably know that I am very shy; I am not used to performing in public. I also have some tips for you about English guests, remember they are not used to eating as late as 8 o'clock. Do you find it difficult to get used to getting up so early? I do! When I lived in Saigon I got used to the heat but it wasn't easy. When I was at school I got used to wearing a uniform but I'd find it hard now. When I went to Scotland, I found it difficult at first 7. (1,0) A sentença When I went to Scotland, I found it difficult at first because I wasn't used to their accent, but it s really easy now that I am used, representa: a. Hábito e familiaridade b. Mudança de hábito c. Hábitos rotineiros d. Mudança através do presente, passado e futuro e. O uso do sotaque escossês because I wasn't used to their accent, but it s really easy now that I am used.

29 8. (1,0) Explique em português a diferença da expressão used to em cada um desses exemplos extraídos do texto: When I was a little girl I used to play with Barbie dolls. I was born in the country; it took me a long time to get used to the noise and dirt of the town I am not used to performing in public.

30 Questão desafio! As próximas três questões precisam ter seu sentido exato traduzido. O seu ponto extra APENAS será garantido no caso de acerto das três questões. O erro em qualquer uma delas, exclui o ponto extra. I'm going to apply for that job. Melhore sua forma física. The guide addressed her in French. a)serei aproveitada naquele posto. a)get yourself in better physical shape. a)o orientador aconselhou-a um adereço francês. b)vou me dedicar àquela tarefa. b)better your physic. b)o líder encaminhou-a para a França. c)vou me candidatar àquele emprego. c)give a better turn to your physical mould. c)o cicerone dirigiu-se a ela em Francês. d)irei me adaptar àquela tarefa. d)ameliorate yourself in physics. d)o motorista levou-a à casa do francês. e)irei mostrar meu esforço naquele trabalho. e)make your physical pattern better. Cicerone is an old term for a guide, usually a person who used to work in hotels, one who conducts visitors and sightseers to museums, galleries, etc., and explains matters of archaeological, antiquarian, historic or artistic interest.