Population Size and Conservation Strategies for the Northeast Rufous Gnateater, a Threatened Subspecies of a Relictual Atlantic Forest Ileyne Lopes Wesley Silva Universidade Estadual de Campinas, UNICAMP - Brazil
Introduction and Justification The Atlantic forest is a Hotspot of biodiversity MYERS et al., 2000
Introduction and Justification
Introduction and Justification But because of the pressure of deforestation has only 7.9 % of its original area SOS MATA ATLÂNTICA e INPE, 2012
Introduction and Justification Recent data demonstrates that hreats remain high 2000 to 2011-322 hectares deforested SOS MATA ATLÂNTICA; INPE, 2012
Introduction and Justification In Brazilian redlist 58% of the threatened species Are endemic of the Atlantic Forest MMA, 2003; MACHADO et al. 2008a,2008b
Introduction and Justification 58% of the threatened species Are endemic of the Atlantic Forest The majority of them are birds MMA, 2003; MACHADO et al. 2008a,2008b
Introduction and Justification 58% of the threatened species Are endemic of the Atlantic Forest 80% are in the Northeast MMA, 2003; MACHADO et al. 2008a,2008b
Study Area SOS MATA ATLÂNTICA; INPE, 2012
Study Area SOS MATA ATLÂNTICA; INPE, 2012
Study Area Baturité mountain SOS MATA ATLÂNTICA; INPE, 2012
Study Area Above 600 meters : Protected Area Baturité mountain SOS MATA ATLÂNTICA; INPE, 2012
14 threatened species ARKive
Populational status of species Stablish conservation measures Empirical data insufficient ARKive
ARKive
Endemic Vulnerable Northeast Rufous Gnateater Conopophaga lineata cearae Territorial and forest habits BROOKS et al., 1999; MMA, 2003
Objective Discover the size of the population of in the state of Ceará
Objective Discover the size of the population of in the state of Ceará Density Forest Area
Objective Discover the size of the population of in the state of Ceará Territories Density Forest Area
Objective Discover the size of the population of in the state of Ceará Territories Mapping Density Forest Area
Capture and banding Mist nets ---> 30 days ---> Sep and Oct 2011 Colored bands
Grid ---> Spot mapping Defining territories 40 m
Defining territories 6 visits Dec 2011 to Aug 2012
Banded
Unbanded
Mapping the forest fragments 30,000 hectares Quickbird images 2008 ArcGIS 10.1
Data analysis Minimum convex polygon method (MCP) Density (D) = Number of pairs in the sample Final study area Population estimates = Density * Area of the fragment
Results
Results Average territory 3,641 m 2 Standard error + 504 m 2 Density 0.6 pairs/ hectare Each pair ---> 1.6 hectares
Conopophagidae C. melanops C. lineata cearae 2,0 ha 1,6 ha 1,3 ha 1,0 ha 0,7 ha 18 g 24 g 26,5 g 20,6 g 12,2 g P. leucoptera DUCA et al., 2006; LIMA, 2008 Thamnophilidae T. caerulescens D. mentalis
13,736 hectares of forest 493 fragments
Cities
< 5 ha 318 Results Area Number of fragments Can hold Less than 3 pairs of Gnateaters 64% 6 to 10 ha 50 11 to 50 69 51 to 100 22 101 to 500 30 63 to 289 pairs 501 to 1000 2 436; 508 7% > 1000 ha 2 760; 939 15,000 individuals These are the representative areas for conservation according to: SOS MATA ATLÂNTICA; INPE, 2012
Adding the non representative areas
The connection of the fragments gets much better
Discussion Fragmentation context Population viability
Discussion Fragmentation context Population viability Locomotion capacity Permeabilidade da matriz
Discussion Fragmentation context Population viability Locomotion capacity Matrix permeability Improving matrix permeability is a crucial conservation strategy
We expect that our results can influence the decision-making process to implement the permeability of the landscape through project of : Planting seedlings
Agroforest systems
Environmental education of landowners
and their children
Environmental inspection
Good public policies
References: BROOKS, T.; TOBIAS, J.; BALMFORD, A. Deforestation and bird extinctions in the Atlantic forest. Animal Conservation, v. 2, p. 211 222, 1999. DUCA, C.; GUERRA, T.J.; MARINI, M.A. Territory size of three Antbirds (Aves, Passeriformes) in an Atlantic Forest fragment in southeastern Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, v. 23, n. 3, p. 692-698, 2006. IUCN. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 <http://www.iucnredlist.org>. 2012. KENDEIGH, S. C. Measurement of Bird Populations. Ecological Monographs, Illinois, v. 14, n. 1, p. 67-106, 1944. LIMA, A. M. X. Dinâmica populacional de aves de sub-bosque na Floresta Atlântica do Paraná. Dissertação de mestrado, UFPR, 2008. MACHADO, A. B. M.; DRUMMOND, G. M.; PAGLIA, A. P. (Eds.) Livro Vermelho da fauna brasileira ameaçada de extinção. Fundação Biodiversitas, MMA, Brasília, v. 1, 2008a. MACHADO, A. B. M.; DRUMMOND, G. M.; PAGLIA, A. P. (Eds.) Livro Vermelho da fauna brasileira ameaçada de extinção. Fundação Biodiversitas, MMA, Brasília, v. 2, 2008b. MYERS, N.; MITTERMEIER, R. A.; MITTERMEIER, C. G.; FONSECA, G. A. B.; KENT, J. Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature, v. 403, p. 853-858, 2000. SOS MATA ATLÂNTICA; INPE. Atlas dos remanescentes florestais da Mata Atlântica, período 2010-2011. Fundação SOS Mata Atlântica e Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, São Paulo, 2012. <http://www.sosma.org.br/5697/sos-mata-atlantica-e-inpe-divulgamdados-do-atlas-dos-remanescentes-florestais-da-mata-atlantica-no-periodo-de-2010-a-2011/>. http://www.arkive.org/adelophryne/adelophryne-baturitensis/#src=portletv3api
Acknowledgments:
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