Em direcção aos Edifícios de Balanço Energetico Zero

Transcrição

1 Em direcção aos Edifícios de Balanço Energetico Zero Jornadas de Climatização Ordem dos Engenheiros 13 de Outubro de 2011 Helder Gonçalves

2 Tópicos a abordar... Contexto actual NZEB - definição, conceito Como alcançar o estatuto NZEB? Edifício SOLAR XXI: em direcção à energia zero

3 International Energy Policy USA: The building technologies program outlines the technology portofolio and activities that are necessary to achieve our strategic goal of net zer-energy buildings (NZEB) at low increment cost by [www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/about/,01/2007] UK: The objective of the proposal is to set a timetable for movinf towards zero carbon development as a contribution to meeting the UK target to reduce carbon emission by 60% by [Department for Communities and Local Government, 13th of December 2006 press release] Austria: Vision 2050 on energy in buildings: The building stock of the year 2050 should be in total over the entire life cycle (involves the production and operation of the building) free of any carbon emissions. [ Netherlands: In the Netherland, the government and the construction sector aim at achieving energy neutral new construction in [Chiel Boomstra, Trecodome] Germany: From current point of view future capable buildings are building architectural demanding with high user comfort, minimal energy demand, optimized technological equipment, meaningful integration into large energy supply systems as well as together economical energy demand cover. Zero emission houses are the long-term objective. [ Das 5.Energgieforschungsprogramm der Bundesregierung, BMWA, 07/2005

4 RECAST EPBD DIRECTIVE 2010/31/EU OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 19 May 2010 on the energy performance of buildings (recast) 1. Member States shall ensure that: Article 9 Nearly zero-energy buildings (a) by 31 December 2020, all new buildings are nearly zero- energy buildings; and (b) after 31 December 2018, new buildings occupied and owned by public authorities are nearly zero-energy buildings. Member States shall draw up national plans for increasing the number of nearly zero-energy buildings. These national plans may include targets differentiated according to the category of building.

5 NZEB - definição Energy Supply Electricity (PV, wind, geothermal) Thermal (Solar, Geothermal ) y Kwh Input = Output Energy production Energy consumption Energy Demand Heating Cooling Lighting Hot Water Appliances x Kwh

6 Produção de energia (kwh/m 2 a) Limite regulamentar (Ntc) Balanço Zero Necessidades energéticas (kwh/m 2 a)

7 Produção de energia (kwh/m 2 a) Limite regulamentar (Ntc) 150 Balanço Zero 100 Balanço Quase Zero Necessidades energéticas (kwh/m 2 a)

8 Energy Supply Como alcançar NZEB Melhoria Voluntária Promotor/Proj. Imposição regulamentar Medidas de ee Energy Demand

9 Passivhaus Portugal Energy Performance The annual heating energy demand of the Passivhaus proposed for Portugal has been estimated as 16.9 kwh/m 2.year, of which 11 kwh/m 2.year are supplied by the solar system (in this analysis priority of the solar system is given to heating and the solar fraction for domestic hot water is 48%) The annual cooling energy demand is 3.7 kwh/m 2.year The sum of net heating and cooling demand is 9.6 kwh/m 2.year Predicted annual heating demand (red) and cooling demand (blue) for Standard House and Passivhaus in Lisbon U-value for roof is 0.23 W/m 2.K and for walls is 0.32 W/m 2.K kwh/m Standard House (DL 80/2006) Portugal Passivhaus

10 Como alcançar NZEB

11 Produção de energia (kwh/m 2 a)? Limite regulamentar (Ntc) Balanço Zero? Necessidades energéticas (kwh/m 2 a)

12 Como alcançar NZEB 1º passo: reduzir as necessidades energéticas do edifício Optimização térmica da envolvente Sistemas passivos Optimização dos ganhos solares Tecnologias Estratégias Iluminação natural Ventilação natural Sistemas eficientes Integração urbana Iluminação eficiente Equipamentos eficientes

13 Como alcançar NZEB 2º passo: produção de energia

14 Energy Supply Contribuição das Energias Renováveis Melhoria Voluntária Imposição regulamentar Promotor/Proj. Contribuição das ER Medidas de ee Energy Demand

15 IEA SHCP Task 40 / ECBCS Annex 52 Towards Net Zero Energy Buildings Prof. Karsten Voss University Wuppertal, School of Architecture, Building Physics and Technical Services, Germany

16 Towards Net Zero Energy solar Buildings (October 2008 September 2013) PT

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18 Solar Settlement Freiburg, Germany Architecture and Concept: Rolf Disch 11,000 m² area with 59 terrace houses, 3,150 m² roof integrated PV, district heating network

19 Plus Energy Settlement Energy balance of 21 terrace houses in the Freiburg Solar Settlement (56 homes in total) on the basis of monitoring results. The monitoring proofs the design as plus energy homes. All sectors of energy use are included total source energy credits in kwh/m 2 a plus energy Solar Settlement, Freiburg Architecture and concept: Rolf Disch 0 basis: source energy, non renewable (0.9, 2.7) total source energy consuption in kwh/m 2 a note: 100 kwh/m²y = 32 kbtu/ft y

20 Solaire Battery Park City, NY: 33 kwp Architect: Cesar Pelli USGBC LEED Gold Cortesy

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23 ex. Canada

24 200 total source energy credits in kwh/m 2 a basis: source energy, non renewable (0.9, 2.7) total source energy consuption in kwh/m 2 a note: 100 kwh/m²y = 32 kbtu/ft y

25 produce energy (RES) SOLAR XXI - Energy performance SOLAR XXI NZEB Performance energy credit (kwh/m 2.y) standard value building regulation Building in accordance with actual building code+typical building related loads 100 Improved standard + Typical building related loads 50 0 energy consumption(kwh/m 2.y) reducing building energy demands Use of efficiency measures (passive techniques and strategies) Use of renewable energies Feed-in credit Feed-in credit (estimated in 2011)

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