Edifícios de Balanço Zero

Transcrição

1 Edifícios de Balanço Zero Net Zero Energy Buildings NZEB Helder Gonçalves 6 de Maio de 2011

2 1. Directivas Europeia EPBD 2. Conceito de NZEB 3. Como Atingir o NZEB 4. Exemplos 2

3 Keep Cool II Resultados de Simulação The new EPBD Towards 2020 Learning from the past experience: set more ambitious mandatory goals for MS. By 2020, every new building in the EU must be a nearly-zero energy building. Buildings with very low envelope loads and the remaining needs supplied by renewables as far as possible and cost-effective. Lisboa, 17 MAIO 2010 Public Buildings as a Leading Example, already included in the 2002 EPBD requirements, were largely ignored by MS. By 2018, every newly occupied Public Building in the EU must be a nearly-zero energy building. 3

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5 IEA SHCP Task 40 / ECBCS Annex 52 Towards Net Zero Energy Buildings Prof. Karsten Voss University Wuppertal, School of Architecture, Building Physics and Technical Services, Germany

6 NZEB Definition Energy Supply Electricity (PV, wind, geothermal) Thermal (Solar, Geothermal ) y Kwh Input = Output Energy production Energy consumption Energy Demand Heating Cooling Lighting Hot Water Appliances x Kwh Towards Net-Zero Energy Solar Buildings

7 How to achive NZEB? Melhoria Voluntária Imposição regulamentar Promotor/Proj. Energy Supply Medidas de ee Energy Demand Towards Net-Zero Energy Solar Buildings

8 How to achive NZEB? F1 - Building Envelope (Walls, Roof, Windows) Airtightness Passive systems (trombe walls, earth tube..) F2 - Energy use Heating/Cooling energy use (Space heating /Cooling, DHW) Electric use (Cooking, wash machine, lightening, appliance -other equipments) F3 RENEWABLE ENERGY Solar-thermal PV Wind Biomass...

9 Melhoria Voluntária Imposição regulamentar Promotor/Proj. Energy Supply Factor 10 Energy Demand Towards Net-Zero Energy Solar Buildings

10 Passivhaus Portugal Energy Performance The annual heating energy demand of the Passivhaus proposed for Portugal has been estimated as 16.9 kwh/m 2.year, of which 11 kwh/m 2.year are supplied by the solar system (in this analysis priority of the solar system is given to heating and the solar fraction for domestic hot water is 48%) The annual cooling energy demand is 3.7 kwh/m 2.year The sum of net heating and cooling demand is 9.6 kwh/m 2.year Predicted annual heating demand (red) and cooling demand (blue) for Standard House and Passivhaus in Lisbon U-value for roof is 0.23 W/m 2.K and for walls is 0.32 W/m 2.K kwh/m Natural Works e INETI- Projecto PASSIVE ON 10 0 Standard House (DL 80/2006) Portugal Passivhaus

11 Redução das Necessidades Energéticas dos Edifícios Integração urbana Soluções construtivas Cobertura com 10 cm isol. térmico, U= 0.26 W/m 2 ºC Paredes simples de alvenaria tijolo de 22 cm, com 6 cm de isolamento (pelo exterior), U= 0.45 W/m2 ºC Pavimento térreo com 10 cm de isol. térmico Towards Net-Zero Energy Solar Buildings

12 Soluções Passivas Integração urbana 4 painéis Fotovoltaicos exterior interior Towards Net-Zero Energy Solar Buildings

13 Keep Cool II Resultados de Simulação Utilização dos Ganhos Solares para aquecimento ambiente Inverno Lisboa, 17 MAIO 2010 Helder Gonçalves

14 Verão Lisboa, 17 MAIO 2010 Helder Gonçalves

15 Integração de Energias Renováveis PV fachada PV parque Colectores solares Towards Net-Zero Energy Solar Buildings

16 Contribuição das Energias Renováveis Melhoria Voluntária Imposição regulamentar Promotor/Proj. Energy Supply Contribuição das ER Medidas de ee Energy Demand Towards Net-Zero Energy Solar Buildings

17 How to achive NZEB? I) Reducing the building energy demand 1. Building site and urban integration (climatic and microclimate conditions) 2. Thermal optimization of building envelope (reducing heat losses) 3. Optimization of solar gains (winter and summer) 4. Use of passive strategies or systems 5. Use of day lighting strategies 6. Use of natural ventilation strategies 7. Use of efficient systems (domestic appliances and equipment) II) Produce (Generate) energy on building site (Integration) 1. Thermal Solar (for hot water or air) 2. Photovoltaic 3. Small wind turbines Towards Net-Zero Energy Solar Buildings

18 Lisboa, 17 MAIO 2010 Keep Cool II Resultados de Simulação

19 Lisboa, 17 MAIO 2010 Keep Cool II Resultados de Simulação

20 Solar Settlement Freiburg, Germany Architecture and Concept: Rolf Disch 11,000 m² area with 59 terrace houses, 3,150 m² roof integrated PV, district heating network

21 Plus Energy Settlement Energy balance of 21 terrace houses in the Freiburg Solar Settlement (56 homes in total) on the basis of monitoring results. The monitoring proofs the design as plus energy homes. All sectors of energy use are included total source energy credits in kwh/m 2 a plus energy net zero energy Solar Settlement, Freiburg Architecture and concept: Rolf Disch 0 basis: source energy, non renewable (0.9, 2.7) total source energy consuption in kwh/m 2 a note: 100 kwh/m²y = 32 kbtu/ft y

22 Solaire Battery Park City, NY: 33 kwp USGBC LEED Gold Architect: Cesar Pelli Cortesy

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25 ex. Canada

26 Lisboa, 17 MAIO 2010 Keep Cool II Resultados de Simulação

27 Arq. Pedro Cabrito e Isabel Diniz Lisboa, 17 MAIO 2010 Helder Gonçalves

28 Keep Cool II Resultados de Simulação Lisboa, 17 MAIO 2010 Helder Gonçalves

29 Lisboa, 17 MAIO 2010 Helder Gonçalves

30 Ventilation Lisboa, 17 MAIO 2010 Helder Gonçalves

31 Verão 31

32 INTEGRAÇÃO DE ENERGIAS RENOVÁVEIS Helder Gonçalves

33 Energy Production in 2007; MWh 80 % of the electricity consumption produced by the PV system 8 TON of CO 2 avoided Carlos Rodrigues e António Joyce Lisboa, 17 MAIO 2010 Helder Gonçalves

34 Keep Cool II Resultados de Simulação Lisboa, 17 MAIO 2010 Helder Gonçalves

35 SOLAR XXI - Energy performance NZEB Energy performance Reaching zero energy E S ) (R y rg e n e c e u d ro p energy credit (kwh/m 2.y) standard value building regulation Building in accordance with actual building code+typical building related loads Improved standard + Typical building related loads Use of efficiency measures (passive techniques and strategies) 0 energy consumption(kwh/m 2.y) reducing building energy demands Use of renewable energies Feed in credit Feed in credit (estimated in 2011) The Road Towards Zero Energy in Buildings: Lessons Learned from SOLARXXI Building in Portugal

36 Keep Cool II Resultados de Simulação Melhoria continua no desempenho energético EE: Fixação de requisitos mínimos (edifícios novos e existentes) Estimulando a relação: Oferta Procura Design & Inovação de produtos de baixo C (perspectiva de ciclo de vida) (proj. EnerBuiLCA ferramenta de apoio àtomada de decisão) Diferenciação de produtos de construção (Novo Regulamento CE) e outros (Directiva Ecodesign) e.g. via etiquetagem (proj. Green IT) + declarações ambientais de produto (EPDs) Compras (públicas) sustentáveis (projectos PRO EE & SMART SPP) com definição e integração de critérios, que contribuem em diferentes fases do processo: (a) projecto do edifício (escolha de materiais + equipamentos; desempenho energético); (b) contratação e execução Lisboa, 17 MAIO 2010

37 Keep Cool II Resultados de Simulação obrigado Lisboa, 17 MAIO 2010