EccoS Revista Científica ISSN: Universidade Nove de Julho Brasil

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1 ES Rv Cníf ISSN: Unvrdd Nv d Julh Brl Cldrón, Adlf Ign; Mrhl Frnç, Crl; Gnçlv, Armnd Tndên d rnkng dêm d brngên nnl d pí d pç br -mrn: rnkng d jrn El Mund (Epnh), El Mrur (Chl), Flh d Sã Pul (Brl), Rfrm (Méx) El Unvrl (Méx) ES Rv Cníf, núm. 44, pmbr-dmbr, 2017, pp Unvrdd Nv d Julh Sã Pul, Brl Dpnívl m: hp:// Cm r rg Númr mpl M rg Hm d rv n Rdly Sm d Infrmçã Cníf Rd d Rv Cníf d Amér Ln, Crb, Epnh Prugl Prj dêm m fn lurv dnvlvd n âmb d nv A Abr

2 d: /ES.n Tndên d rnkng dêm d brngên nnl d pí d pç br-mrn: rnkng d jrn El Mund (Epnh), El Mrur (Chl), Flh d Sã Pul (Brl), Rfrm (Méx) El Unvrl (Méx) 1 Trnd n h dm rnkng f h Ibr-Amrn unr: El Mund (Spn), El Mrur (Chl), Flh d Sã Pul (Brzl), Rfrm (Mx) nd El Unvrl (Mx) Adlf Ign Cldrón Dur m Cên S pl Pnfí Unvrdd Cól d Sã Pul m Pó-durd m Cên d Eduçã n Unvrdd d Cmbr. Prfr ulr d Prgrm d Pó-Grduçã m Eduçã d Pnfí Unvrdd Cól d Cmpn, Cmpn, SP Brl. Bl d Prduvdd m Pqu d Cnlh Nnl d Dnvlvmn Cníf Tnlóg (CNPq), Mnér d Cên, Tnlg, Invçõ Cmunçõ d Brl dlf.gn@pu-mpn.du.br Crl Mrhl Frnç Durnd m Eduçã n Prgrm d Pó-Grduçã m Eduçã d Pnfí Unvrdd Cól d Cmpn (PUC-Cmpn). Prfr d Fuldd d Admnrçã d Cnr d Enm Admnrçã d PUC-Cmpn, Cmpn, SP Brl rl.mrhl@pu-mpn.du.br Armnd Gnçlv Mr m Eduçã pl Prgrm d Pó-Grduçã m Eduçã d Pnfí Unvrdd Cól d Cmpn. Prfr d Fundçã Inu d Admnrçã, Cmpn, SP Brl _gnlv@hml.m D ê m á Rum: E rg brd vlçã d duçã uprr pr m d rnkng dêm. Anl n rnkng prduzd pr jrn d grnd rulçã xn n pç br-mrn: 50 Crrr L Mjr Cnr Unvrár, d jrnl pnhl El Mund; Rnkng d Cldd d l Unvrdd Chln, d jrnl hln El Mrur; Rnkng Unvrár Flh RUF, d jrnl brlr Flh d Sã ES Rv. Cn., Sã Pul, n. 44, p ,./dz

3 Tndên d rnkng dêm d brngên nnl d pí d pç br-mrn: rnkng d jrn El Mund (Epnh), El Mrur (Chl), Flh d Sã Pul (Brl), Rfrm (Méx) El Unvrl (Méx) Pul; L Mjr Unvrdd, d jrnl mxn Rfrm, Mjr Unvrdd d jrnl mxn El Unvrl, prnnd ndên, mlhnç pfdd xn, m rm nu mdlóg. Rlzu- ud d rár drv-nlí mprv, pr m d pqu bblgráf dumnl. Td rnkng xplm mã d rnr lh d fuur unvrár lfm unvrdd ur d grduçã. Evdn- dvrdd mdlóg, dm- nddr m vrd prdmnân (bjv, ubjv u híbrd) d dvr nurz (m f m prdu, m num u híbrd). Plvr-hv: Avlçã d Eduçã Suprr. Rnkng Adêm. Rnkng Unvrár. E S R v C n í f Abr:Th rl ddr h vlun f hghr dun hrugh dm rnkng. I nlyz h fv rnkng prdud by nwppr f gr ruln, xng n h Ibr-Amrn p (50 Crrr L Mjr Cnr Unvrr, frm h Spnh nwppr El Mund, Rnkng d Cldd d l Unvrdd Chln, f h Chln nwppr El Mrur; Rnkng Unvrár Flh RUF, frm h Brzln nwppr Flh d Sã Pul; L Mjr Unvrdd d jrnl mxn Rfrm, frm h Mxn nwppr Rfrm; nd Mjr Unvrdd f h Mxn nwppr El Unvrl), prnng ndn, mlr nd pf, xng n npul nd mhdlgl rm. A drpv-nlyl, mprv udy w rrd u hrugh bblgrphl nd dumnry rrh. All rnkng pll u h mn f gudng h h f fuur llg udn nd rnk unvr nd undrgrdu ur. Mhdlgl dvry vdnd, wh ndr wh vrd prdmnn (bjv, ubjv r hybrd) nd f vrl nur (fung n prdu, npu r hybrd). Kywrd: Hghr Edun Evlun. Adm Rnkng. Unvry Rnkng. Inrduçã Cm rçã d Adm Rnkng f Wrld Unvr (ARWU) m 2003, m nhd m rnkng d Unvrdd d Shng (THÉRY, 2010), nu- rápd xpnã d rnkng dêm, índ bl lfór (RANKINTAC), m dvr nív d brngên, nã mn m âmb mundl, m mbém rgnl nnl, qu dfm pdr públ d dvr pí gvrnnç unvrár. (GONÇALVES; CALDERÓN, 2017) Cnfrm Ordrk Srán Rdríguz Gómz (2010), rnkng dêm 2 pdm r lfd, d rd m u rnçõ fnldd, pr rér dêm lbrd pr gvrn 118 ES Rv. Cn., Sã Pul, n. 44, p ,./dz

4 CALDERÓN, A. I.; FRANÇA, C. M.; GONÇALVES, A. /u unvrdd, d rnçã mrl, ndmn mrdlóg bd n vnd d publdd vnuld u publçã dfuã. O prmr pdm r lfd, d rd m Cldrón Lurnç (2014), m rnkng prmvd pl r públ, prnplmn gên u públ nã, nd ndrd m f, gund m nã f, prmvd pl r prvd, prnplmn pl mrd drl, grnd mprn mpr d nulr. Em um ud d rfrên br mrgn má d rnkng dêm n prnp m nn d duçã uprr d mund, Hzlkrn (2007) brvu xên d dfrn rnkng nn prduzd prr d pqu d r prvd, bm m xên d um rlçã d mr ód d r d duçã uprr m rlçã l, nd mum qunmn qun u vldd, m dqu pr u mdlg prdmn én, u uldd pr udn numdr d duçã uprr, u mpbldd m dfrn bjv, mõ frm rgnzn d Inuçõ d Eduçã Suprr (IES). Epfmn n qu rfr rnkng nn, ud prmvd pl Obrvry n Adm Rnkng nd Exlln (IREG), m 2014, nvlvnd 37 pí, pn, nr ur ndên qu mr d rnkng nn: dn- ndd nn uprr u p (94,5%); vl IES m um d, lbrnd rnkng nun (77,7%), pr ár (33,3%) pr un (31,4%); é publd pr mpr d míd mrl (57,9%). O ud m quã dnfu rrlçã xn nr fr pçã d drmnd pí m rnkng glb prnç d um u vár rnkng nn m u rrór, dmrnd qu ulur d mpvdd nrn muld pl rnkng jud mnr quldd d nn uprr u b pçã nrnnl. Tr- d um hpó qu v n mm drçã d ud rlzd pr Slm Sryn (2007), qu mrrm qu pí m m unvrdd lfd nr 100 mlhr d rnkng glb Rnkng d Unvrdd d Shng Rnkng THE, d jrnl brân Th Tm ã qul m qu r prvd frn rnkng nn bm nldd. D ê m á ES Rv. Cn., Sã Pul, n. 44, p ,./dz

5 Tndên d rnkng dêm d brngên nnl d pí d pç br-mrn: rnkng d jrn El Mund (Epnh), El Mrur (Chl), Flh d Sã Pul (Brl), Rfrm (Méx) El Unvrl (Méx) E S R v C n í f Eud prmvd pl r prvd (LOURENÇO; CALDERÓN, 2015), qu mprm rnkng dêm d brngên nnl m Ibr-Amér, rvlm xên d p d nrumn lfór m mn qur d 24 pí d pç brmrn Epnh, Brl, Méx Chl, mmbr d Orgnzçã d Ed Ibr-Amrn pr Eduçã, Cên Culur (OEI). El ã llzd n pí m mpv d pç gnhm r vbldd n rnkng mund grnd dqu n rgn, rrbrnd rrlçã pnd pl ud d IREG-2014 d Slm Sryn (2007) nr dmpnh nrnnl d drmnd pí xên d rnkng nn m u rrór. N nx, prn rg dbruç pfmn m rn d rnkng d brngên nnl u rgnl, dd qu runr dnr d pç ggráf d um mm pí, nã f prmvd pr m d munçã d grnd mprn n pç brmrn, nd m bjv nlr n rnkng d brngên nnl u rgnl prduzd pr jrn d grnd rulçã d pç, br: 50 Crrr L Mjr Cnr Unvrár, d jrnl pnhl El Mund; Rnkng d Cldd d l Unvrdd Chln, d jrnl hln El Mrur; Rnkng Unvrár Flh RUF, d jrnl brlr Flh d Sã Pul; L Mjr Unvrdd, d jrnl mxn Rfrm; Mjr Unvrdd, d jrnl mxn El Unvrl, pnnd ndên, mlhnç pfdd m rm d rjór mdlg. Pr n, rlzu- ud d rár drv-nlí, mprv, pr m d pqu bblgráf dumnl m fn prmár undár, nlund nál d págn wb d d um d rnkng udd é dçõ rfrn n d Cnvém frr qu nã rã brdd pu rnkng prduzd pr mgzn u rv mn d nfrmçã grl, pr xmpl, Rnkng d Unvrdd Crrr, prduzd dd 2000, n Chl, pl rv Qué P, nm rnkng prmvd pl rv Amér Enm br unvrdd prun, hln mxn. Pr f d nál mprv d rnkng udd rá md m rfrên mnl lfçã rlzd pr Andrd (2011), qu ru um plg d qur dfrn p d rnkng, qu jm: ) 120 ES Rv. Cn., Sã Pul, n. 44, p ,./dz

6 CALDERÓN, A. I.; FRANÇA, C. M.; GONÇALVES, A. m f n prdu bjv nruíd m b m prdu qu pm r mnurd d frm bjv, pr xmpl, ruld méd d lun d um unvrdd num d prfên; b) m f n prdu ubjv prdu mnurd d frm ubjv, pr xmpl, rpuçã d unvrdd m b m nfrmçõ ld pr m d qunár u nrv rlzd jun dvr nfrmn; ) m f n num bjv nruíd pr m d nddr bjv d num ulzd n pr prduv d duçã, m ulçã rgm d rblh d rp dn; d) m f n num ubjv nruíd prr d vlçã ubjv d num frnd mdn frmulár nrv m dvr públ d unvrdd. Embr nh ndrd xên fv d rnkng lbrd m b n mbnçã d du mrz d vráv (numprdu ubjv-bjv), ud d Andrd (2011) nã xplru d pbldd d mplr plg nl. Am, nrprm d md m xplí à plg d qu dnmnm m rnkng híbrd, é, qu prnm m rrí prnç mbnd vrávl d nddr nruíd mulnmn prr d prdu /u num ld pr m d nfrmçõ mulnmn bjv /u ubjv. Amplr plg prm blr um b qu fl nál mprv d dvr rnkng uj dnh grl, rér nddr prm mu vz, à prmr v, mplmn dn. D md lurr dfrn pbldd qu nv plg prprn, Fgur 1 vdn nv nfgurçõ gr qu rnkng pdm prnr. A nv nfgurçõ gr d rnkng dêm, lurd vulmn pr m d Grd d Tplg d Rnkng Adêm, bu vdnr hmd rnkng pur rnkng híbrd: prmr rrpndm xmn à plg mnl rd pr Andrd (2011); já rnkng híbrd, mbr prnm umr pn n nfgurçõ dfrn, pdm nvlvr mbnçõ nr nddr bjv ubjv u r f mulân n num n prdu, rduznd, fvmn, m frá dmnrd fnl d rblh, num mulpldd d vrçõ (Fgur 2) qu b njnd nruçã d rnkng híbrd mu dvrfd. D ê m á ES Rv. Cn., Sã Pul, n. 44, p ,./dz

7 Tndên d rnkng dêm d brngên nnl d pí d pç br-mrn: rnkng d jrn El Mund (Epnh), El Mrur (Chl), Flh d Sã Pul (Brl), Rfrm (Méx) El Unvrl (Méx) E S R v C n í f Fgur 1: Grd d Tplg d Rnkng Adêm Fn: Cnruíd pl ur, prr d mplçã d plg lbrd pr Andrd (2011), nmplnd pbldd d xên d rnkng híbrd. O rnkng d jrnl pnhl El Mund Inuld 50 Crrr L Mjr Cnr Unvrr é um d m ng dnr rnkng unvrár prvd, d brngên nnl, publd pr jrn d grnd rulçã n pç br- 122 ES Rv. Cn., Sã Pul, n. 44, p ,./dz

8 CALDERÓN, A. I.; FRANÇA, C. M.; GONÇALVES, A. mrn. Tv u prmr dçã publd m 2001, pnd- hmr-, prr d dçã 2008/2009, 50 Crrr Dónd udr l má dmndd. (EL MUNDO, 2008) Crd m bjv d uxlr udn n mmn d lh d unvrdd qu mlhr ju à u ndd, 50 Crrr lf m rdm drn n mlhr unvrdd pnhl m d um d nqun ur uprr m dmndd pl udn d pí, rbund à rê prmr ld mdlh d ur, pr brnz, rpvmn, à ur du, mnçõ d hnr 3. E lfçã d unvrdd pr ur é mpnhd d um njun d nfrmçõ mplmnr m: númr d lun, qundd d vg, mp d durçã, prç d nudd, nr ur. Além d rnkng pr ur, 50 Crrr dvulg rnkng L Mjr Unvrdd Epñl, pr n mnd l d mdlh d ur, pr brnz bd pl IES. O mrl d dvulgçã d ruld d rnkng mbém é mpnhd d dd br unvrdd: ndrç, n d fundçã, qundd d ur frd, númr d lun d prfr, nr ur. Cnvém mnnr qu mn n prmr dçã d rnkng d unvrdd (EL MUNDO, 2001) IES frm lfd m qur grnd gr: unvrdd rdn, unvrdd d fuur, unvrdd d pqu unvrdd mrgn. Apó xprên, IES prm r grupd mn m du gr: unvrdd públ unvrdd prvd. Pr lbrçã d rnkng, m d um d nqun rrr, ã ulzd m rfrên vn n nddr, grupd m gr/dmnõ dfrn (Qudr 1). A prr d nfrmçõ ã ld dd d num prdu, prdmnnmn ubjv, ld m qunár nmnhd d unvrdd pnhl qu frnm nfrmçõ nun br d um d rrr nld, rrpndnd 50% d vlr fnl d rnkng. Além d nfrmçõ, rnkng mbém é mp pr dd ubjv bd pr m d qunár nmnhd dn pl, qu vlm, d frm nônm vlunár, mlhr D ê m á ES Rv. Cn., Sã Pul, n. 44, p ,./dz

9 Tndên d rnkng dêm d brngên nnl d pí d pç br-mrn: rnkng d jrn El Mund (Epnh), El Mrur (Chl), Flh d Sã Pul (Brl), Rfrm (Méx) El Unvrl (Méx) E S R v C n í f Qudr 1: 50 Crrr Jrnl El Mund: nddr grupd m gr dfrn rrpndnd 50% d vlr fnl d rnkng rfrn nfrmçõ nun. Fn: Cnruíd prr d nfrmçõ prn n dumn 50 Crrr Dónd udr l má dmndd. Cur 2016/2017 (El Mund, 2016), unvrdd m d um d ur n u ár d pldd. E qunár rrpndm 40% d p fnl n rnkng. O 10% rn pr mpçã fnl d ruld ã mp d ur nddr bjv m ruld d ur rnkng nrnn, nfrmçõ rlhd jun à Agn Nnl d Evluón d L Cldd y Ardón (ANECA) rlór d uvlçã d unvrdd, nr ur dumn. 124 ES Rv. Cn., Sã Pul, n. 44, p ,./dz

10 CALDERÓN, A. I.; FRANÇA, C. M.; GONÇALVES, A. O rnkng d jrnl brlr Flh d Sã Pul O Rnkng Unvrár Flh (RUF) v u prmr dçã dvulgd m 03 d mbr d Cnm d u bjv rnr fuur udn m rlçã u lh prmr qu própr IES vrfqum u dmpnh mprm nr. (FOLHA DE SÃO PAULO, 2012) Enr ur rrí, RUF d- pr u nprçã nrnnl, n mdd m qu bd prâmr ngrd m rdn rnkng nrnn qu urgrm n ní d déd d 2000 prm u uuár nruçã d rnkng umzd, pr m d ulzçã d dvr flr xn n plfrm lrôn qu dvulg u ruld. O RUF 4 é mp pr d rnkng: Rnkng d Unvrdd Rnkng d Cur. O prmr lf pn IES rgnzd b frm d unvrdd, m b m n grnd gr/dmnõ pqu níf, quldd d nn, vlçã d mrd d rblh, nvçã nrnnlzçã, ubdvdd m dvr nddr, m p rlv dfrnd. (Qudr 2) A fn d nfrmçã ulzd pl RUF ã bjv u ubjv, dpndnd d própr nurz d nddr. Dd bjv, ld n órgã gvrnmn u b d dd níf, num fn d ldd d nddr rfrn à gr/dmnõ pqu, nvçã nrnnlzçã d pr d nddr d gr/dmnã nn. Infrmçõ ubjv, ruln d nrv rlzd pl Dflh 5 m pqudr vnuld unvrdd xuv d ár d Rur Humn d grnd mpr rvm pr nruçã d gr/dmnã mrd d rblh d lgun nddr d gr/dmnã nn. O Rnkng d Cur, rlnd qurn ur uprr m dmndd n Brl 6, frd pr qulqur IES, ndpndnmn d u p d rgnzçã dêm, é nruíd m b m du gr/dmnõ Quldd d Enn Mrd d Trblh gulmn ddbrd m nddr m p dfrn, n prprçõ rprnd n Qudr 3. D ê m á ES Rv. Cn., Sã Pul, n. 44, p ,./dz

11 Tndên d rnkng dêm d brngên nnl d pí d pç br-mrn: rnkng d jrn El Mund (Epnh), El Mrur (Chl), Flh d Sã Pul (Brl), Rfrm (Méx) El Unvrl (Méx) E S R v C n í f Qudr 2: Rnkng Grl d Unvrdd Jrnl Flh d Sã Pul: Crér, nddr pnuçã. Fn: Cnruíd prr d nfrmçõ rrd d fl d RUF Rnkng Unvrár Flh, dçã 2016 (FOLHA DE SÃO PAULO, 2016). O rnkng d jrnl hln El Mrur O Rnkng d Cldd d l Unvrdd Chln (RCUC) é dvulgd dd 2012, num prr nr Grup d Eud Avnçd Unvr jrnl hln El Mrur (GRUPO DE ESTUDIOS 126 ES Rv. Cn., Sã Pul, n. 44, p ,./dz

12 CALDERÓN, A. I.; FRANÇA, C. M.; GONÇALVES, A. Qudr 3: Rnkng d Cur Jrnl Flh d Sã Pul: Crér, nddr pnuçã. Fn: Cnruíd prr d nfrmçõ rrd d fl d RUF Rnkng Unvrár Flh, dçã 2016 (FOLHA DE SÃO PAULO, 2016). AVANZADOS UNIVERSITAS; EL MERCURIO, 2012). Elbrd prr d nddr xluvmn bjv, bd pr m d fn públ f pív d vrfçã, prur rnr udn n pr d lh d unvrdd m qu prndm udr, pr m d d rnkng d IES um d ur d grduçã. Um prmr rnkng d IES, dnmnd Rnkng d Cldd d l Dn d Prgrd 7 (RCDP), m f n nn d grduçã. É lbrd prr d dd bjv grupd m qur dmnõ m nddr d pr num (Qudr 4), uj vlr rlv gr um pnuçã drmnd m d dmnã, nd vlr fnl d d IES ruld d méd pndrd d qur dmnõ. O gund rnkng d IES, dnmnd Clfón d Unvrdd Chln (CUC) 8, é mp d qur p dfrn d rnkng, um pr d gr d unvrdd lfd m b n u prfl prj nunl nqudrd m d grnd grup: ) Unvrdd d Enn (UDE), mp pl gr UDE UDE, m prjçã m pqu 9 ; b) Unvrdd d Pqu (UDP), mp pl gr UDP m durd m ár lv (mn d durd nnrd m du ár d nhmn) UDP m Durd (m d durd m m d du ár d nhmn). D ê m á ES Rv. Cn., Sã Pul, n. 44, p ,./dz

13 Tndên d rnkng dêm d brngên nnl d pí d pç br-mrn: rnkng d jrn El Mund (Epnh), El Mrur (Chl), Flh d Sã Pul (Brl), Rfrm (Méx) El Unvrl (Méx) Qudr 4. Rnkng d Cldd d l Dn d Prgrd Jrnl El Mrur: Dmnõ, nddr p rlv. Fn: Cnruíd prr d nfrmçõ xríd d Rnkng d Cldd d l Unvrdd Chln (GRUPO DE ESTUDIOS AVANÇADOS UNIVERSITAS; EL MERCURIO, 2016). E S R v C n í f Pr lfr UDE ulzm- mm gr/dmnõ dd n RCDP, nd m dfrnl qu IES ã lfd m UDE u UDE m prjçã m pqu. Pr u vz, lfçã d UDP é rlzd m b m gr/dmnõ: qur prn n UDE, rd d dmnõ Pqu Durd, lrnd- p pr pnuçã fnl. N qu rfr rnkng d ur, qu mplmn RCUC, é dvulgd Gu d Inddr Sgnfv d Crrr d Prgrd (GISCAPRE) 10, njun d rnkng lbrd m rlçã à dvr rrr prfn 11 nruíd pr m d mbnçã d dfrn nddr, br: n d vldd d rdnmn d ur; índ d vã fnl d prmr n d ur; mp méd d nluã d ur; x d nudd d ur; dfrnç nr vlr d x rm dmbld pl udn vlr ubdd pl gvrn hln; x d mprgbldd um n pó nluã d ur; 128 ES Rv. Cn., Sã Pul, n. 44, p ,./dz

14 CALDERÓN, A. I.; FRANÇA, C. M.; GONÇALVES, A. rnd prd pó qur n d nluã d ur; xpv d rnbldd lng d fuur rrr. Rnkng d jrnl mxn Rfrm Crd pl jrnl mxn Rfrm n n d 2001 dvulgd nulmn dd nã pr m d u Suplmn Unvrár, rnkng L Mjr Unvrdd vl lf mlhr unvrdd mxn d ár mrpln d Cdd d Méx, Gudljr, Publ Mnrry. Embr nmnlur d rnkng d Rfrm p ugrr um lfçã grl d unvrdd mxn prn n rgõ d u brur, u dnh nã prn nfgurçã, um vz qu u ruld nã vm drmnr qul é mlhr unvrdd mxn m rm gr, m m lfr mlhr unvrdd m d um d dvr ur vld nulmn. Tr-, prn, d um rnkng d mplud ggráf rgnl, vnd lfçã d ur d grduçã mxn. (ORDORIKA SACRISTÁN; RODRIGUEZ GÓMEZ, 2010) A lng d u dvr dçõ, númr d ur vld m vrd n n. A dçã m rn d L Mjr Unvrdd, rfrn n d 2016, lbru rnkng rlnd dz rrr: Admnrçã, Arquur, Cmunçã, Cnbldd, Dr, Dgn Gráf, Enm, Grnm, Engnhr Elrôn, Engnhr d Sm, Engnhr Indurl, Engnhr Mrôn, Engnhr Quím, Mdn, Publdd Plg (REFORMA, 2016). A lh d ur m rlçã qu ã nruíd dvr rnkng d Rfrm b n rér d dmnd: ã lnd ur rlnd rrr prfn qu prnm mr vlum d mríul /u qu prnm mr prur d ndd n pr lv. O rér grl qu rn nruçã d rnkng é rpuçã d nuçã, fn d nfrmçã ulzd pr nruçã d nddr, prr d qu ã lfd unvrdd m d um d rnkng d ur, é d nurz ubjv: ã rlzd nrv D ê m á ES Rv. Cn., Sã Pul, n. 44, p ,./dz

15 Tndên d rnkng dêm d brngên nnl d pí d pç br-mrn: rnkng d jrn El Mund (Epnh), El Mrur (Chl), Flh d Sã Pul (Brl), Rfrm (Méx) El Unvrl (Méx) E S R v C n í f lfôn m prfn rpnáv pl pr d rrumn m mpr públ prvd. O grn, drr, hf d dprmn ur xuv rpnáv pl ár d rrumn lçã d mpr nrvd pl jrnl Rfrm mm pnõ br um njun d unvrdd mxn prvmn lnd pl jrnl, prr d gun rér: r fld à Aón Nnl d Unvrdd Inun d Eduón Suprr (ANUIES), ndr dplm d vldd fl, r m d ml lun mruld n nuçã m um d, nr m um mínm d qurn udn mruld n ur bj d vlçã nr m pl mn du grçõ d gr. Durn nrv, d xuv é nd rbur n, num l d zr dz, rlnd rê p d d ur d unvrdd pré-lnd: gru d prprçã nhmn prprnd gr; pdd d ldrnç d rblh m grup d gr; dnvlvmn d vlr é prfnl. E n ã rduzd num méd fnl pndrd pr d ur. O álul d méd ndr p rpv d 40%, 30% 30% pr d um d p m d. A prr d nã é luld um nv méd pndrd d n rbuíd pr d prfn nrvd pr vlr d um d ur, m p prprn pr d mpr nuld. A mpçã d rnkng d d ur nã dpnd pn d ruld bd prr d nrv rlzd n n rrpndn à dvulgçã d d dçã d rnkng. Efu- um méd pndrd, runnd mbém ruld bd n rê n nrr. Embr jrnl nrv mbém, nulmn, prfr udn d unvrdd mxn, ruld d nrv jm prnd pr ã d dvulgçã d Suplmn Unvrár d jrnl, dd bd jun públ nã ã ulzd pr mpçã d rnkng. Rnkng d jrnl mxn El Unvrl O Gu Mjr Unvrdd é publd dd 2007 pl jrnl mxn El Unvrl m nu d uxlr p lun m- 130 ES Rv. Cn., Sã Pul, n. 44, p ,./dz

16 CALDERÓN, A. I.; FRANÇA, C. M.; GONÇALVES, A. rm dõ m b m nfrmçõ, bm m lr à dpçã d IES nfrmçõ ndrd ú, bjv prun. (EL UNIVERSAL, 2016) Eá mp pr d p d rnkng, m um l d 26 bl lfór, m dfrn mdlg: 1) Rnkng Gnrl d Inun, mprnd IES nr ; 2) Rnkng d Prgrm, lfnd IES m bm vld m 25 ur d grduçã. A nfrmçõ qu prmm nruçã d rnkng ã prdmnnmn d nurz ubjv: nfrmçõ qunv rld pl própr nuçõ lgum dl vrfd m b d dd públ; prpçã d prfr /u mprgdr, dpndnd d p d rnkng. Sã nvdd prpr d rnkng d IES d rgõ mxn d Cdd Méx, Ed d Méx, Mrl, Qurér, Publ, Jl Nuv Ln, qu nm d rgr d Mnér d Eduçã Públ, d ANUIES u d Fdrón d Inun Mxn Prulr d Eduón Suprr (FIMPES). Um vz prpçã, é ld um r urznd El Unvrl nulr dd d IES m rgnm f, pr u mprvçã. Andd rqu, é mp rlçã d unvrdd qu mprã rnkng d El Unvrl. Cnfrm brv n Qudr 5, O Rnkng Gnrl d Inun é mp pr: ) nfrmçõ qunv frnd pl IES, quvln 60% d rnkng, (vráv rlv rdçã nunl, pqu dên, m mr dlhmn d nfrmçõ ld u rpv p); b) lvnmn d pnõ jun mprgdr, quvln 20% d rnkng fnl, prr d mr m mpr públ prvd, nlund l d mpr prprnd pl IES, nvlvnd 100 nrv pr d brngd nrv lór; ) lvnmn d pnõ m prfr d IES pqud, quvln mbém 20% d rnkng fnl, qu ã lhd lrmn prr d l d dn frnd pl própr IES prpn d rnkng, nd nrvd pr rr lrôn u v lfôn. O Rnkng d Cur é mp pr d p d nfrmçã: ) dd qunv frnd pl IES br ur pqud, nã D ê m á ES Rv. Cn., Sã Pul, n. 44, p ,./dz

17 Tndên d rnkng dêm d brngên nnl d pí d pç br-mrn: rnkng d jrn El Mund (Epnh), El Mrur (Chl), Flh d Sã Pul (Brl), Rfrm (Méx) El Unvrl (Méx) Qudr 5: Rnkng d Gnrl d Inun d Gu Mjr Unvrdd Jrnl El Unvrl: Dmnõ, nddr p rlv. Fn: Cnruíd prr d nfrmçõ rrd d fl d gu Mjr Unvrdd, Edçã 2016 (EL UNIVERSAL, 2016). nd dvulgd dlhmn d nddr dd nm p d d um pr mpr ruld, b) pnõ d prfr d IES pqud br ur d ár qu frm nuld, vlnd- dnr d um l d um n. E S R v C n í f Qudr 6: Rnkng d Cur d Mjr Unvrdd Jrnl El Unvrl: Dmnõ, nddr p rlv Fn: Cnruíd prr d nfrmçõ rrd d fl d gu Mjr Unvrdd, Edçã 2016 (EL UNIVERSAL, 2016). Tndên, nvrgên pfdd O ud vdn qu d rnkng frm rd n éul XXI. Cm xçã dqul prduzd pl jrn El Mund (Epnh) Rfrm (Méx), rd m 2001, rnkng d ur jrn (Flh d Sã Pul, El Mrur El Unvrl) urgrm n r d xpnã 132 ES Rv. Cn., Sã Pul, n. 44, p ,./dz

18 CALDERÓN, A. I.; FRANÇA, C. M.; GONÇALVES, A. d rnkng dêm nrnn, nd qu d Chl Brl frm rd, ndnmn, n n d Td l prnm m bjv prnpl rnr uxlr lh d fuur unvrár u p m rlçã à rrr à unvrdd. Cm xçã d rnkng pnhl d rnkng d jrn mxn, qu vdnm xplmn u rár rmn jrnlí, dm, m dxr rár jrnlí d víul d munçã nfrmçã qu prmv, nm prnr lr um prdu lgmd u nrd n nfdd d mp dêm-unvrár. I vdn pl prnç d pqudr vnuld nuçõ unvrár d prg n qup qu uprvn rblh d nfçã d nddr d l rmn d dd. Qur d rnkng dr mbém ã mlhn qun u ruur grl: ã mp, nlmn, d du gr d prdu dfrn, é r pn, mplmnr: rnkng d unvrdd rnkng d ur d grduçã. O rnkng mxn d Rfrm prn um ruur m mpl, um vz qu u ruur grl nmpl pn rnqumn d ur. Um dbr nrn, drrn d nál mprv d n rnkng rd n ud, rfr à prupçã prn n rnkng brlr, hln pnhl d rpr hrgndd d IES, ndrnd u rrí pfdd. O Qudr 7 prn um plg d unvrdd lbrd prr d rér ulzd n mngm d rnkng. Apn rnkng mxn mprm ndnmn dfrn unvrdd ur, m ndrr qulqur frm d dfrnçã nunl nr mm. Curmn, d rnkng nlum n grup qu nu u rár purmn jrnlí. O rnkng pnhl bl dnçã nr dfrn IES, públ u prvd. Além d dfrnçã, rnkng pnhl, m u prmr dçã, prurv pr hrgndd nunl dqul pí lfr unvrdd m qur p: unvrdd rdn, unvrdd d fuur, unvrdd d pqu unvrdd mrgn. O rnkng brlr prur rpr mulpldd vrdd d njun d m d duçã uprr d pí blr D ê m á ES Rv. Cn., Sã Pul, n. 44, p ,./dz

19 Tndên d rnkng dêm d brngên nnl d pí d pç br-mrn: rnkng d jrn El Mund (Epnh), El Mrur (Chl), Flh d Sã Pul (Brl), Rfrm (Méx) El Unvrl (Méx) Qudr 7: Tplg d unvrdd pr nruçã d Rnkng Adêm Fn: Cnruíd prr d nfrmçõ xríd d rnkng d jrn El Mund, Epnh (EL MUNDO, 2001), El Mrur, Chl (GRUPO DE ESTUDIOS AVANÇADOS UNIVERSITAS; EL MERCURIO, 2016), Flh d Sã Pul, Brl (FOLHA DE SÃO PAULO, 2012). E S R v C n í f um lr dnçã nr nuçõ d duçã uprr, lvnd m ndrçã nã pn nurz dmnrv d IES (públ u prvd), m mbém dfrnç n nfgurçã d ruur rgnznl d mm (unvrdd, nr unvrár fuldd). O rnkng hln, pr u vz, prm lfr IES d l frm qu pd vlrzr quldd d rd m pfdd d d IES, prmnd pr dvrdd d unvrdd d u mõ nun, f qu nã dnf, é nrrmn d pqu, n rnkng d ur pí. Cm f mnnd, rnkng hln lf unvrdd m Unvrdd d Enn (UDE) Unvrdd d Pqu (UDP). Dnr d UDE xm du ublfçõ: UDE UDE m prjçã m pqu. Dnr d UDP, dnfm- UDP m durd m ár lv (mn d durd nnrd m du ár d nhmn) UDP m Durd (m d durd m m d du ár d nhmn). O ud rvlu, nfrm xp n Fgur 2, qu pfdd própr d um d rnkng rpum, m d ud, m df- 134 ES Rv. Cn., Sã Pul, n. 44, p ,./dz

20 CALDERÓN, A. I.; FRANÇA, C. M.; GONÇALVES, A. rnç dnfáv prr d p mdlóg qu drmnm lh d nurz d p d fn ulzd n nruçã d u nddr. D pn d v d p d fn pr m d qul ã rlhd nfrmçõ pr vlçã d dvr nddr, vrf- qu rnkng hln nró nddr bjv, mprmn dnfáv; rnkng mxn, m nrprd, nró nddr bd m fn xluvmn ubjv, nvlvnd prpçõ d nfrmn d m dêm d mrd d rblh u dd frnd pl própr IES. D pn d v, l ã mplmn p, m mb ã lfd m rnkng pur. O rnkng d jrnl pnhl El Mund d jrnl mxn El Unvrl pdm r dnmnd híbrd, prdmnnmn ubjv. N d rnkng d El Mund, juf, um vz qu dz pr n d vlr pndrd d u ruld fnl é ruld d nddr bjv; n d rnkng d jrnl El Unvrl, lgum d nfrmçõ ubjv frnd pl própr IES ã nfrmd bjvmn m b d dd f. Obrvçã: A rê bl lfór prmvd pl jrnl El Mrur mpõm rnkng d Cldd d l Unvrdd Chln, d um m rrí qu mpdm u nqudrmn m ún p d rnkng híbrd. O rnkng d jrnl Flh d Sã Pul d um nfgurçã híbrd, m rlv qulíbr nr fn bjv ubjv, ndnd pr mr ulzçã d fn bjv: pr d u nddr é nruíd bjvmn (60%) pr é nruíd ubjvmn (40%). N qu rfr à dçã d rnkng m f n num /u n prdu, rnkng d Rfrm fu lfçã d ur xluvmn m b n quldd d drmnd prdu, pdnd r ndrd um rnkng pur qu d nddr ubjv m f n prdu. Embr nã d md xluv, rnkng d Flh d Sã Pul á ruurd prpndrnmn prr d nddr d prdu (86%), u j, dd nfrmçõ prr d qu ã nruíd índ qu prndm vlr quldd d prnp prdu unvr- D ê m á ES Rv. Cn., Sã Pul, n. 44, p ,./dz

21 Tndên d rnkng dêm d brngên nnl d pí d pç br-mrn: rnkng d jrn El Mund (Epnh), El Mrur (Chl), Flh d Sã Pul (Brl), Rfrm (Méx) El Unvrl (Méx) E S R v C n í f Fgur 2: Grd d Tplg d Rnkng Adêm Pur Híbrd rpv nqudrmn d rnkng dêm prmvd pr jrn d grnd mprn d pç br-mrn. Fn: O ur, prr d mplçã d plg lbrd pr Andrd (2011), prfund xên d rnkng híbrd. ár prr d ó d rnkng: pqu nn. N nd, RUF é um rnkng nlmn híbrd, qu lém d prnr rlv qulíbr nr fn bjv ubjv, ndnd pr mr ulzçã d fn bjv, dmnr rlv qulíbr nr num prdu, ndnd pr um f mr n prdu. N rlçã num prdu, rnkng d El Mund El Unvrl rrzm- pr rm híbrd. Além d prdmnnmn ubjv, pl dd dvulgd publmn, nfr- qu l 136 ES Rv. Cn., Sã Pul, n. 44, p ,./dz

22 CALDERÓN, A. I.; FRANÇA, C. M.; GONÇALVES, A. prnm qulíbr nr num prdu. A rp d El Mund, pd- frmr qu u prnp fn d nfrmçã pr prduzr n 50 Crrr qun L Mjr Unvrdd Epñl quvl 50% d qunár rpndd pl unvrdd, m nfrmçõ prdmnnmn d num, nd qu 50% rn, bd pr m d dd f (10%) d prpçõ d dn pl (40%), ném nfrmçõ prdmnnmn d prdu. N qu rfr El Unvrl, d- qu Rnkng d Gnrl d Inun d Gu Mjr Unvrdd é mp d prpçõ d prfr mprgdr br quldd d IES, prn, rfr- prdu (40%), nd qu 60% d dd qunv frnd pl IES nvlvm num prdu br nn pqu, lém d ur dd nun. D l d 60%, ndrnd uên d dlhmn d nddr, nfr- qu um prl rduzd rfr prdu, prvvlmn n ár d pqu, prdmnnd dd d num. Dn d rldd, lfu- m um rnkng qu prn qulíbr nr num prdu. Cnár mlhn dnf n Rnkng d Cur d Gu Mjr Unvrdd, d mm jrnl, n qul 30% rrpnd prpçõ d prfr br quldd d ur (prdu), dd nun br ur, qu nvlvm num prdu, quvlm 70%. D úlm prnul, m- um prdmnân d num, lulnd- prl rduzd d nfrmçõ br prdu. Em rlçã RCUC, prduzd pl jrnl El Mrur, lém d pur rê rnkng pur drrn d dçã d nddr lbrd m nfrmçõ bjv, n qu dz rp à ulzçã d nddr m f n num /u prdu u rnkng pdm r lfd m híbrd. N mdd m qu RCUC n brngr grnd hrgndd d m d duçã uprr hln, rn- dfíl nqudrr u rê bl lfór m um ún p dnr d dvrdd d rnkng híbrd xn. N nd, rnkng d quldd d nn d grduçã (RCDP) pd r rrzd m prdmnnmn d num d pr d nn. O rnkng d IES (CUC) brng um hrgndd d nddr, nlznd qulíbr nr num prdu. Pr u vz, Gu d D ê m á ES Rv. Cn., Sã Pul, n. 44, p ,./dz

23 Tndên d rnkng dêm d brngên nnl d pí d pç br-mrn: rnkng d jrn El Mund (Epnh), El Mrur (Chl), Flh d Sã Pul (Brl), Rfrm (Méx) El Unvrl (Méx) Crrr (GISCAPRE) mbn um ér d nddr, prdmnnd f n prdu. À gu d nluã E S R v C n í f Mu u pdm r f d ruld xpld n rg. O rí d mdlg dd pl rnkng dêm drrn qunmn d vldd d mm pr u rár prdmnnmn ubjv, pdm rfrçr u prr d dd prnd n Fgur 2. Cm f mnnd, ud dmnr qu rê d n jrn d grnd mprn d pç br-mrn qu prduzm rnkng dêm mm m fn d rfrên pr dfnçã d quldd d duçã uprr nddr ubjv (L Rfrm, Méx) u prdmnnmn ubjv (El Mund, Epnh; El Unvrl, Méx). A publçõ m- rnkng prmvd pl jrnl Flh d Sã Pul (Brl), qu d rlv qulíbr nr nddr bjv ubjv, mbr ndnd m pr nddr bjv. Cm xçã fm rnkng prmvd pl jrnl El Mrur, qu dm nddr bjv, dnd lmn d rég mdlóg d ur jrn. Dn d brdgn, nrd n qu n mp d Slg d Eduçã nvnnu- hmr d prdgm d nfl (SANDER, 1984), pqu vdn hrgndd xn, m rm mdlóg, n rnkng udd, njugnd mpl gm d nddr, qu, rm mbnd nr, blm dvr pdrõ rfrn d quldd, mpnd rrí píf dvr rnkng nn. Dí mprân d mprndr mdlg pdrõ rfrn d quldd dd pl rnkng dêm pr nndr rl dmnã d u ruld, dn d mr pulzrzçã vz d mm, dqul qu Dbrd (1997) dnmnu rmn m ulur d pául. Alá, é prmn nxulzd n ulur d pául qu, n md d vr, prfrmn d IES nã mn é xld, m mbém pulrzd, durn grnd lbrçõ d prg unvrár qu n- 138 ES Rv. Cn., Sã Pul, n. 44, p ,./dz

24 CALDERÓN, A. I.; FRANÇA, C. M.; GONÇALVES, A. m m dvr pn d pln d vz qu rnkng dêm (nrnn, rgn u nn) dvulgm u ruld. Fnlznd, é n nár d xlçã d prfrmvdd nunl qu pqu rvl lgun rnkng dnd lfçõ dfrnd pr nã mn hrgndd d IES, m mbém u pnldd, prmnd, dvr públ ndd pl unvrdd, nfrmçõ m prfundd pr md d dõ. Am, Qudr n 6 prm vulzr dçã pl jrnl El Mrur d nrn lfçã d unvrdd d pqu rr du gr: unvrdd d Pqu m mn d durd du ár d nhmn unvrdd d pqu m m d durd m d du ár d nhmn. Cm rçã d du gr, é vdn qu vlrz mér d nuçõ m mnr pdd nunl m rm d pqu, m qu, pr d, dm nr u pr. D mm frm, dm- lfçõ dd pl jrnl El Mund, qu ru gr píf qu mbém vlrzm dfrnç, pr xmpl, nr unvrdd d fuur unvrdd mrgn. A prmr prm prjr prg d unvrdd dnr d um prpv lngudnl, gund, unvrdd qu dm pr d u pu mp d xên. E mbém ã ndí d nv nrbuçõ d ud pr lr prupd m prmrmn d RANKINTAC, vlrznd- m mnm ndur d mlhr d quldd d duçã uprr, m b n rpnblzçã n rnprên d nfrmçõ. (CALDERÓN; BORGES; POLTRONIERI, 2010). N 1 O prn rg fz pr d prj d pqu nuld Rnkng dêm d r prvd n Brl: rjór mdlg dd num prpv mprd m rnkng d pç br-mrn, fnnd pl Cnlh Nnl d Dnvlvmn Cníf Tnlóg (CNPq), pr n /2014-0, rdnd pl Dr. Adlf Ign Cldrón, n ndçã d Bl Prduvdd m Pqu d CNPq, nívl 2, ár d Eduçã, qu prvê frmçã d mr dur m Eduçã 2 Ad- rm rnkng dêm p qu nglb dvrdd d vdd d mund unvrár, nã ó nvlv rnqumn d IES, mbém prm dr nddr m píf, m d ur d grduçã, d ur d pó-grduçã, grup nuçõ d pqu níf, d gr mprgbldd, d rnfrên d nhmn, nvçã nlóg, d prjçã nrnnl, nr ur. D ê m á ES Rv. Cn., Sã Pul, n. 44, p ,./dz

25 Tndên d rnkng dêm d brngên nnl d pí d pç br-mrn: rnkng d jrn El Mund (Epnh), El Mrur (Chl), Flh d Sã Pul (Brl), Rfrm (Méx) El Unvrl (Méx) 3 Prdmn nuíd prr d gund dçã d rnkng, m A prmr dçã lv rê unvrdd m d um d nqun dfrn ur, m rbuçã d mdlh. 4 Em u prmr dçã, n n d 2012, RUF nmplv mbém um Rnkng pr Ár d Cnhmn, qu lv dz nuçõ brlr mlhr vld m d um dnr dfrn ár d nhmn (FOLHA DE SÃO PAULO, 2012). 5 O Dflh é um nu d pqu prnn Grup Flh, rd nlmn, m 1983, m dprmn d pqu d jrnl Flh d Sã Pul. 6 O númr d ur uprr ld n Rnkng d Cur dd m 2012 r d pn vn ur. Em 2013 númr pu rn, prr d 2014, l m d mp pr qurn ur. 7 Rnkng d Quldd d Enn d Grduçã. Trduçã n. 8 Clfçã d Unvrdd Chln. Trduçã n. 9 A dfrnçã nrn dnr d grup Unvrdd d Enn dv- f d qu lgum d nuçõ, mbr nã pum pqu nunlzd nã frçm prgrm d durd, grm um vlum gnfv d pqu rduzd pr m d publçã d rg níf ndxd nrnnlmn. 10 Gu d Inddr Sgnfv d Cur d Grduçã. Trduçã n. 11 Em u prmr dçã, rrpndn n d 2012, rm pn n rrr ld (Dr, Engnhr Cmrl, Engnhr Cvl Indurl, Mdn Pdgg), prr d 2013, númr pu nv (nluírm- mbém rrr d Arquur, Enfrmgm, Jrnlm Plg). E S R v C n í f Rfrên ANDRADE, Edurd d Crvlh. Rnkng m duçã: p, prblm, nfrmçõ mudnç. Eud Enôm, Sã Pul, v. 41, n. 2, jun CALDERÓN, A. I.; BORGES, R. M. ; POLTRONIERI, H.. Avlçã, rnkng quldd d Eduçã Suprr. Eud (Bríl), v. 39, p , CALDERÓN, A. I.; LOURENCO, H. S. Rnkng n l duón uprr brlñ: un prxmón l rnkng públ y prvd. Rv Dgl d Invgón n Dn Unvrr (RIDU), v. 8, p , DEBORD, G. A dd d pául. R d Jnr: Cnrpn, EL MUNDO. 50 Crrr. Dónd udr l má dmndd. Cur 2008/ Dpnívl m <hp:// ndx.hml>. Ad m 04 br EL MUNDO. 50 Crrr. Dónd udr l má dmndd. Cur 2016/ Dpnívl m < hp:// rnkng_ pdf/1389d340-22f7-45d8-b89-d >. Ad m 04 br ES Rv. Cn., Sã Pul, n. 44, p ,./dz

26 CALDERÓN, A. I.; FRANÇA, C. M.; GONÇALVES, A. EL MUNDO. 50 Crrr. L mjr nr unvrár. Cur 2001/ Dpnívl m <hp:// Ad m 04 br EL UNIVERSAL. Suplmn Epl Mjr Unvrdd Dpnívl m <hp://nrv.lunvrl.m.mx/2016/mjr-unvrdd-2016/ Ad m 10 d jun. d 2017 FOLHA DE SÃO PAULO. RUF Rnkng Unvrár Flh Dpnívl m < hp://ruf.flh.ul.m.br/2012/>, Ad m 06 d br. d FOLHA DE SÃO PAULO. RUF Rnkng Unvrár Flh Dpnívl m < hp://ruf.flh.ul.m.br/2016/>, Ad m 06 d br. d GONÇALVES, A.; CALDERÓN, A. I. Adm rnkng n hghr dun: rnd f nrnnl nf lrur. Rv Dálg Edunl, Curb, v. 17, n. 54, p , jul./ GRUPO DE ESTUDIOS AVANZADOS UNIVERSITAS EL MERCURIO. Rnkng d Cldd d l Unvrdd Chln Dpnívl m <hp:// Ad m 06 d br. d 2017 GRUPO DE ESTUDIOS AVANZADOS UNIVERSITAS EL MERCURIO. Rnkng d Cldd ñ Dpnívl m < hp://rnkngunvrdd. ml.m/>. Ad m 06 d br. d 2017 HAZELKORN, E. Th mp f lgu bl nd rnkng ym n hghr dun dn mkng. Hghr Edun Mngmn nd Ply, v.19, n. 2, 1 24, IREG OBSERVATORY ON ACADEMIC RANKING AND EXCELLENCE. IREG Invnry f Nnl Unvry Rnkng Vrv: IREG; Edun Fundn Prpkywy, ORDORIKA SACRISTÁN, I.; RODRÍGUEZ GÓMEZ, R. El rnkng Tm n l mrd dl prg unvrr. Prfl Eduv, v. 32, n. 129, p. 8-22, ORDORIKA SACRISTRÁN, I.; RODRÍGUEZ GÓMEZ, R. (rd.) Evluón nunl n l UNAM. Méx, DF: Drón Gnrl d Evluón Inunl Unvrdd Nnl Auónm d Méx, 2010b. D ê m á REFORMA. Cóm hz l rnkng? Dpnívl m hp:// pln/rul/dful.px?d= &mprn=1. Ad m 01 d. d SALMI, J., & SAROYAN, A. Lgu bl ply nrumn: U nd mu. Hghr Edun Mngmn nd Ply, v. 19, n., p , ES Rv. Cn., Sã Pul, n. 44, p ,./dz

27 Tndên d rnkng dêm d brngên nnl d pí d pç br-mrn: rnkng d jrn El Mund (Epnh), El Mrur (Chl), Flh d Sã Pul (Brl), Rfrm (Méx) El Unvrl (Méx) SANDER, B. Cnn Cnfl: prpv nlí n pdgg n dmnrçã d duçã. Sã Pul: Pnr, THÉRY, H. Clfçõ d unvrdd mund, Xng ur. Eud Avnçd, Sã Pul, v. 24, n. 70, p , E S R v C n í f Rbd m / Aprvd m 17 nv Pr rfrnr x CALDERÓN, A. I.; FRANÇA, C. M.; GONÇALVES, A. Tndên d rnkng dêm d brngên nnl d pí d pç br-mrn: rnkng d jrn El Mund (Epnh), El Mrur (Chl), Flh d Sã Pul (Brl), Rfrm (Méx) El Unvrl (Méx). ES, Sã Pul, n. 44, p /dz ES Rv. Cn., Sã Pul, n. 44, p ,./dz