Núcleo Santa Virgínia, São Paulo, Brazil Orchids of Serra do Mar State Park

Transcrição

1 Carlos E.P. Nunes, Khalid Yasseen, Ryan Luxon, Harvey Williams, Samantha Koehler, Marcelo Pires Department of Biological Sciences, Saddleback College, Mission Viejo, CA C.E.P. Nunes [cepnunes@gmail.com] [000] 8/08 Introduction The family Orchidaceae is one of the most diverse among flowering plants. There are about 4500 species of orchids spread across all continents except Antarctica, of which 57 species, about 5%, occur in the Brazilian Atlantic forest (Dressler 005; Stehman et al. 009; Barros et al. 04). These numbers place the orchid family as the largest of the monocotyledons and an important component of the flora of the Atlantic forest, comprising 8% of the vascular plant species of this biome (Stehman et al. 009). Sampling Sites and Method Orchid species were sampled exclusively in the area of Núcleo Santa Virgínia area of Serra do Mar State Park (SMSP). The area managed by this unit comprises of 7,500 hectares of highland (from 800 to 000 m.a.s.l.), majorly secondary (40 50 years old) Atlantic forest areas containing patches of primary forests with no records of cutting or logging (ombrophilous dense forest; Veloso et al. 99). It is located between the municipalities of São Luiz do Paraitinga and Natividade da Serra, São Paulo state (3º6 08 S - 45º3.5 W and 3º9 55 S - 45 º05 49 W, respectively), southeastern Brazil (Fig ). Sampling was carried out monthly between 0 and 05. In each monthly incursion, at least km of trails were walked and flowering orchid species standing from the ground up to five meters in the canopy and five meters from the path were collected or photographed. Voucher specimens of the plants were deposited in the Herbarium of the State University of Campinas (UEC). This Guide We recorded representatives of three orchid subfamilies (Epidendroideae, Orchidoideae, and Vanilloideae) belonging to 57 genera totaling 4 species, from which 9 are depicted in this guide. Acknowledgments The authors would like to thank the orchid experts Bruno Morais de Carvalho, Edlley Max Pessoa da Silva, Eric Smidt, Giovane dos Santos Proença, and Wellington Forster for their kind help in the identification of some of the plants presented in this work. The authors also thank Edicson Parra for the record and the picture of Cochleanthes flabelliformis. Fig.. Location of the sampling sites. More information about the Natural Reserve available at References Barros F., Vinhos F., Rodrigues VT., et al (04). Orchidaceae. In: List. Espécies da Flora do Bras. floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/00/fb0488. Accessed Sep 05. Dressler RL. (005). How Many Orchid Species? Selbyana : Doi: 0.307/ Stehman JR., Forzza RC., Salino A., et al (009). Plantas da Floresta Atlântica, st edn. Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro. Veloso HP., Rangel-Filho ALR., Lima JCA. (99). Classificação da Vegetação Brasileira Adaptada a um Sistema Universal. Fundação Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística - IBGE, Rio de Janeiro. 0 Acianthera auriculata 0 Acianthera glanduligera 03 Acianthera prolifera 04 Acianthera saundersiana 05 Acianthera saundersiana

2 0 Carlos E.P. Nunes, Khalid Yasseen, Ryan Luxon, Harvey Williams, Samantha Koehler, Marcelo Pires Department of Biological Sciences, Saddleback College, Mission Viejo, CA 969 [000] 8/08 06 Acianthera saurocephala 07 Acianthera saurocephala 08 Acianthera saurocephala 09 Anathallis linearifolia 0 Anathallis linearifolia Anathallis rubens Anathallis rubens 3 Aspidogyne aff. metallescens 4 Aspidogyne argentea 5 Barbosella gardneri 6 Barbosella gardneri 7 Bifrenaria aureofulva 8 Bifrenaria harrisoniae 9 Bifrenaria leucorrhoda 0 Brasiliorchis picta Brasiliorchis picta Bulbophyllum atropurpureum 3 Bulbophyllum atropurpureum 4 Bulbophyllum atropurpureum 5 Camaridium carinatum

3 03 Carlos E.P. Nunes, Khalid Yasseen, Ryan Luxon, Harvey Williams, Samantha Koehler, Marcelo Pires Department of Biological Sciences, Saddleback College, Mission Viejo, CA 969 [000] 8/08 6 Campylocentrum gracile 7 Campylocentrum pauloense 8 Campylocentrum pauloense 9 Catasetum cernuum 30 Catasetum cernuum 3 Cattleya coccinea 3 Cattleya intermedia 33 Cattleya virens 34 Cattleya virens 35 Cattleya virens EDICSON PARRA 36 Christensonella subulata 37 Christensonella subulata 38 Cleistes libonii 39 Cochleanthes flabelliformis 40 Cyclopogon congestus 4 Cyclopogon congestus 4 Dichaea australis 43 Dichaea australis 44 Dichaea cogniauxiana 45 Dichaea cogniauxiana

4 04 Carlos E.P. Nunes, Khalid Yasseen, Ryan Luxon, Harvey Williams, Samantha Koehler, Marcelo Pires Department of Biological Sciences, Saddleback College, Mission Viejo, CA 969 [000] 8/08 46 Dichaea pendula 47 Dichaea pendula 48 Elleanthus brasiliensis 49 Elleanthus brasiliensis 50 Elleanthus brasiliensis 5 Elleanthus crinipes 5 Elleanthus crinipes 53 Elleanthus crinipes 54 Encyclia patens 55 Encyclia patens 56 Epidendrum addae 57 Epidendrum addae 58 Epidendrum armeniacum 59 Epidendrum chlorinum 60 Epidendrum chlorinum 6 Epidendrum ecostatum 6 Epidendrum latilabre 63 Epidendrum latilabre 64 Epidendrum ochroclorum 65 Epidendrum ochroclorum

5 05 Carlos E.P. Nunes, Khalid Yasseen, Ryan Luxon, Harvey Williams, Samantha Koehler, Marcelo Pires Department of Biological Sciences, Saddleback College, Mission Viejo, CA 969 [000] 8/08 66 Epidendrum ochroclorum 67 Epidendrum paranaense 68 Epidendrum paranaense 69 Epidendrum proligerum 70 Epidendrum pseudodifforme 7 Epidendrum pseudodifforme 7 Epidendrum ramosum 73 Epidendrum ramosum 74 Epidendrum ramosum 75 Epidendrum secundum 76 Epidendrum secundum 77 Epidendrum vesicatum 78 Eulophia alta 79 Eurystyles actinosophila 80 Galeandra beyrichii 8 Galeandra beyrichii 8 Gomesa brasiliensis 83 Gomesa brasiliensis 84 Gomesa echinata 85 Gomesa echinata

6 06 Carlos E.P. Nunes, Khalid Yasseen, Ryan Luxon, Harvey Williams, Samantha Koehler, Marcelo Pires Department of Biological Sciences, Saddleback College, Mission Viejo, CA 969 [000] 8/08 86 Gomesa echinata 87 Gomesa flexuosa 88 Gomesa flexuosa 89 Gomesa forbesii 90 Gomesa forbesii 9 Gomesa gardneri 9 Gomesa gardneri 93 Gomesa jucunda 94 Gomesa jucunda 95 Gomesa laxiflora 96 Gomesa laxiflora 97 Gomesa laxiflora 98 Gomesa ramosa 99 Gomesa ramosa 00 Gomesa ramosa 0 Gomesa ranifera 0 Gomesa ranifera 03 Gomesa ranifera 04 Gomesa recurva 05 Gomesa recurva

7 07 Carlos E.P. Nunes, Khalid Yasseen, Ryan Luxon, Harvey Williams, Samantha Koehler, Marcelo Pires Department of Biological Sciences, Saddleback College, Mission Viejo, CA Gongora bufonia 07 Gongora bufonia 08 Grandiphyllum divaricatum Grandiphyllum divaricatum 3 [000] 8/08 Gongora bufonia 09 Gongora bufonia 0 Govenia utriculata Grobya amherstiae 4 Grobya amherstiae 5 Grobya amherstiae 6 Habenaria aff. josphensis 7 Habenaria glaucophylla 8 Habenaria glaucophylla 9 Habenaria johannensis 0 Habenaria johannensis Habenaria johannensis Habenaria parviflora 3 Habenaria rodeiensis 4 Heterotaxis brasiliensis 5 Heterotaxis brasiliensis

8 08 Carlos E.P. Nunes, Khalid Yasseen, Ryan Luxon, Harvey Williams, Samantha Koehler, Marcelo Pires Department of Biological Sciences, Saddleback College, Mission Viejo, CA 969 [000] 8/08 6 Heterotaxis brasiliensis 7 Jacquiniella globosa 8 Jacquiniella globosa 9 Laeliinae sp. 30 Lankesterella caespitosa 3 Masdevalia infracta 3 Masdevalia infracta 33 Maxillaria lindleyana 34 Maxillaria lindleyana 35 Maxillaria lindleyana 36 Maxillaria ochroleuca 37 Miltonia kayasimae 38 Miltonia kayasimae 39 Octomeria crassifolia 40 Octomeria crassifolia 4 Octomeria crassifolia 4 Octomeria crassifolia 43 Octomeria gracilis 44 Octomeria grandiflora 45 Octomeria grandiflora

9 09 Carlos E.P. Nunes, Khalid Yasseen, Ryan Luxon, Harvey Williams, Samantha Koehler, Marcelo Pires Department of Biological Sciences, Saddleback College, Mission Viejo, CA 969 [000] 8/08 46 Octomeria grandiflora 47 Octomeria grandiflora 48 Octomeria tricolor 49 Octomeria tricolor 50 Pabstia jugosa 5 Pabstia jugosa 5 Pabstiella aff. trifida 53 Pabstiella colorata 54 Pabstiella colorata 55 Pabstiella colorata 56 Pabstiella fusca 57 Pabstiella fusca 58 Pabstiella pterophora 59 Pabstiella spathuliglossa 60 Pelexia aff. macropoda 6 Pelexia aff. macropoda 6 Phymatidium delicatulum 63 Phymatidium delicatulum 64 Phymatidium falcifolium 65 Phymatidium falcifolium

10 0 Carlos E.P. Nunes, Khalid Yasseen, Ryan Luxon, Harvey Williams, Samantha Koehler, Marcelo Pires Department of Biological Sciences, Saddleback College, Mission Viejo, CA 969 [000] 8/08 66 Pleurothallidinae n.i. 67 Pleurothallidinae sp. 68 Pogoniopsis schenckii 69 Pogoniopsis schenckii 70 Polystachya estrellensis 7 Polystachya estrellensis 7 Polystachya estrellensis 73 Polystachya estrellensis 74 Prescottia aff. stachyodes 75 Prescottia aff. stachyodes 76 Prescottia lancifolia 77 Prescottia sp. 78 Prescottia sp. 79 Prescottia sp. 80 Promenaea xanthina 8 Promenaea xanthina 8 Promenaea xanthina 83 Prosthechea allemanoides 84 Prosthechea allemanoides 85 Prosthechea bulbosa

11 Carlos E.P. Nunes, Khalid Yasseen, Ryan Luxon, Harvey Williams, Samantha Koehler, Marcelo Pires Department of Biological Sciences, Saddleback College, Mission Viejo, CA 969 [000] 8/08 86 Prosthechea bulbosa 87 Prosthechea calamaria 88 Prosthechea pachysepala 89 Prosthechea pachysepala 90 Rhetinantha notylioglossa 9 Rhetinantha notylioglossa 9 Sacoila lanceolata 93 Sauroglossum elatum 94 Sauroglossum elatum 95 Sauroglossum elatum 96 Scaphyglottis modesta 97 Scuticaria hadwenii 98 Specklinia grobyi 99 Specklinia grobyi 00 Specklinia viridiflora 0 Specklinia viridiflora 0 Stelis aprica 03 Stelis aprica 04 Stelis argentata 05 Stelis argentata

12 Carlos E.P. Nunes, Khalid Yasseen, Ryan Luxon, Harvey Williams, Samantha Koehler, Marcelo Pires Department of Biological Sciences, Saddleback College, Mission Viejo, CA 969 [000] 8/08 06 Stelis fraterna 07 Stelis fraterna 08 Stelis megantha 09 Stelis megantha 0 Stelis papaquerensis Stelis papaquerensis Stelis papaquerensis 3 Vanilla edwallii 4 Vanilla edwallii 5 Vanilla edwallii 6 Warrea warreana 7 Warrea warreana 8 Warrea warreana Zygopetalum crinitum 3 Zygopetalum crinitum Zygopetalum crinitum 9Zootrophion atropurpureum 0Zootrophion atropurpureum 4 Zygopetalum mackayi 5 Zygopetalum mackayi

13 Carlos E.P. Nunes, Khalid Yasseen, Ryan Luxon, Harvey Williams, Samantha Koehler, Marcelo Pires Department of Biological Sciences, Saddleback College, Mission Viejo, CA C.E.P. Nunes [cepnunes@gmail.com] [000] 8/08 6 Zygopetalum maxillare 7 Zygopetalum maxillare 8 Zygopetalum maxillare 9 Zygopetalum maxillare 30 Zygopetalum maxillare 3 Zygopetalum pedicellatum 3 Zygopetalum pedicellatum