OECD Territorial Review of Portugal Mario Pezzini Soo-Jin Kim
GDP per capita in OECD countries Luxembourg United States Norway Ireland Switzerland Iceland Austria Denmark United Kingdom Canada Australia Netherlands Belgium Finland Sweden Japan France EU15 Germany OECD total Italy Spain New Zealand Greece Korea Portugal Czech Republic Hungary Slovak Republic Poland Mexico Turkey 0 10 000 20 000 30 000 40 000 50 000 60 000 Growth in GDP per capita (2001-2006) in OECD countries Turkey Slovak Republic Hungary Czech Republic Korea Poland Greece Ireland Luxembourg Sweden Finland Iceland United Kingdom New Zealand Australia United States NAFTA Norway Mexico Canada Spain OECD Japan Denmark G7 Belgium Austria EU15 Netherlands France Switzerland Germany Portugal Italy 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0
Population density Marginalisation index GDP per capita # # Habitantes por Km 2 1º Quartil = 28 Mediana = 74 3º Quartil = 178 Centróide ponderado pela distribuição da população e elipse padrão (2004) Centróide ponderado pela distribuição da população e elipse padrão (1981) Densidade populacional (2004) Muito reduzida Reduzida Elevada Muito elevada NUTS II ## Índice de Marginalidade Funcional Muito Fraco Fraco Forte Muito Forte Centros Urbanos NUTS II NUTS III ## Portugal = 100 > 125 ] 100 ; 125 ] ] 75 ; 100 ] <= 75 NUTS II 40 0 40 Km Gini index of GDP per capita # ## Turkey Mexico Slovak Republic Belgium Hungary Poland Luxembourg Ireland United Kingdom Austria Canada OECD average Portugal United States Italy Germany Spain Czech Republic Denmark Norway France Finland Netherlands Australia Greece Japan Sweden 0.05 0.19 0.19 0.18 0.17 0.17 0.16 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.14 0.14 0.13 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.11 0.11 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.09 0.09 0.22 0.27 0.26 # # 40 0 40 Km 40 0 40 Km Can regional policy do more for the national policy agenda in Portugal? 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30
Rising unemployment Gini index of regional disparities in unemployment (TL3), 2003 12 Unemployment rate 10 8 6 4 OECD EU15 Portugal 2 0 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
linked with weak educational attainments Portugal Finland Australia Ireland Spain United States Denmark Mexico Italy France Germany Netherlands Greece Belgium OECD average Sweden Austria Hungary Norway Poland United Kingdom Czech Republic Slovak Republic 0.08 0.29 0.27 0.33 0.32 0.40 0.39 0.38 0.46 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.43 0.56 0.54 0.52 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 1998 2003 Gini index of inequality of educational attainment of the labour force for tertiary education (TL2) 0.59 0.59 0.65 0.63 Share of national GDP Intermediate areas 22 Rural areas 20 Share of population with tertiary education Other urban areas 15 Grande Lisboa 31 Grande Porto 12 Intermediate areas 15 Other urban areas 12 Rural areas 9 Grande Porto 15 Share of national R&D expenditure Grande Lisboa 49
of each age group with at least upper-secondary qualification, 2003 Low educational attainments, slow catching-up between generations
place-based Viana do Castelo Braga Vila Real Bragança including lagging regions Aveiro Porto Viseu Guarda Coimbra Castelo Branco Leiria Innovation policy Lisboa Santarém Potalegre Distritos Municipalities Évora Setúbal Beja 40 0 40 Km Faro
Paradigm shift in Portuguese regional policy Subsidies to reduce disparities Sectoral Top-down Investment for competitiveness Multi-sectoral Multi-level governance Examples of policies: Competitiveness & Technology Hubs Urban Networks for Competitiveness & Innovation Programme for the Valorisation of Endogenous Resources (for low-density areas) based on calls for projects & partnerships between regional actors
Subsidies to reduce disparities Sectoral Top-down Investment for competitiveness Multi-sectoral Multi-level governance At national level At regional level NSRF National Strategic Reference Framework Transport Environment Urban development Rural development Education & training Commissions for Regional Co-ordination & Development (CCDR) Região Autónoma dos Açores Território afectado pela alteração das NUTS III Região Autónoma da Madeira Minho-Lima Alto Trás-os-Montes Cávado Ave NORTE Grande Tâmega Porto Douro Entre Douro e Vouga Dão-Lafões Beira Vouga Norte Serra da CENTRO Estrela Mondego Pinhal Cova da Beira Norte Beira Pinhal Litoral Pinhal Sul Médio Sul Tejo Oeste Alto Alentejo Lezíria do Tejo Grande Lisboa LISBOA Península Alentejo Central de Setúbal ALENTEJO Alentejo Litoral Alentejo ALGARVE 0 40 Km Algarve Espanha
Subsidies to reduce disparities Sectoral Top-down Investment for competitiveness Multi-sectoral Multi-level governance Policy coherence Participatory policy-making Região Autónoma dos Açores Minho-Lima Cávado Ave Grande Tâmega Porto Entre Douro e Vouga NORTE Alto Trás-os-Montes Douro Municipalities Associations Dão-Lafões Vouga Serra da CENTRO Estrela Beira Norte Território afectado pela alteração das NUTS III Pinhal Cova da Mondego Beira Norte Beira Pinhal Litoral Pinhal Sul Médio Sul Tejo Oeste Alto Alentejo Lezíria do Tejo Espanha Business Grande Lisboa LISBOA Península de Setúbal Alentejo Central Região Autónoma da Madeira Alentejo Litoral ALENTEJO Alentejo Education & research Financial institutions ALGARVE Algarve 0 40 Km
CONCLUSION New regional policy for national policy objectives Opportunity to invest in long-term assets for sustainable development Full implementation of reforms through multi-level governance