Oracle Maximum Availability Architecture

Oracle Maximum Availability Architecture Ricardo Portilho Proni ricardo@nervinformatica.com.br Esta obra está licenciada sob a licença Creative Commons Atribuição-SemDerivados 3.0 Brasil. Para ver uma cópia desta licença, visite http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/br/. 1

Alta Disponibilidade 2

Características da Alta Disponibilidade Confiança Recuperabilidade Detecção de erros em tempo hábil Continuidade operacional 3

Análise de Alta Disponibilidade Análise de impacto no negócio Custo de tempo fora de operação Objetivo de tempo de recuperação (RTO) Objetivo de ponto de recuperação (RPO) Meta de gerenciamento Custo total de propriedade (TCO) Retorno sobre o investimento (ROI) 4

Sistemas e Alta Disponibilidade Camada 1 (Faturamento, Vendas) Camada 2 (Compras, Estoque) Camada 3 (BI, Desenvimento) 5

Custos e Alta Disponibilidade Tempo máximo de parada tolerado. Frequência máxima de paradas tolerada. Custos facilmente mensuráveis (vendas, funcionários ociosos, multas contratuais) Custos dificilmente mensuráveis (processos judiciais) Custos não mensusáveis (publicidade negativa, clientes irritados) 6

Implantação de Alta Disponibilidade 7

Soluções Oracle para Alta Disponibilidade Fast-Start Fault Recovery Oracle Restart Oracle Real Application Clusters and Oracle Clusterware Oracle RAC One Node Oracle Data Guard Oracle GoldenGate / Oracle Streams Oracle Flashback Technology Oracle Automatic Storage Management Fast Recovery Area Recovery Manager Data Recovery Advisor Oracle Secure Backup Oracle Security Features LogMiner Oracle Exadata Storage Server Software (Exadata Cell) Oracle Exadata Database Machine Oracle Database File System (DBFS) Oracle Automatic Storage Management Cluster File System (Oracle ACFS) Client Failover Automatic Block Repair Corruption Prevention, Detection, and Repair 8

Indisponibilidades Planejadas Operating system and hardware upgrades -> Oracle RAC Oracle Database patches -> Oracle RAC Oracle Grid Infrastructure upgrades and patches -> Oracle RAC Storage Migration -> Oracle ASM Migrating to Exadata Storage -> Oracle MAA best practices Upgrading Exadata Storage -> Exadata Patch Manager Migrating a single-instance database to Oracle RAC -> Oracle Grid Infrastructure Migrating to Oracle ASM -> Oracle Data Guard Migrating a single-instance database to Oracle RAC -> Oracle Data Guard Patch set and database upgrades -> Oracle Data Guard using SQL Apply Oracle interim patches, Oracle clusterware upgrades and patches, Oracle ASM upgrades, Operating System and Hardware Upgrades -> Oracle Data Guard Standby-First Patch Apply Migration across Windows and Linux -> Oracle Data Guard Platform migration across the same endian format platforms -> Transportable database Platform migration across different endian format platforms -> Transportable tablespace Patch set and database upgrades, platform migration, rolling upgrades, and when different character sets are required -> Oracle GoldenGate and Oracle Streams Application upgrades -> Online Application Maintenance and Upgrades 9

Indisponibilidades Não Planejadas Site Failures -> Oracle Data Guard Site Failures -> Oracle GoldenGate and Oracle Streams Site Failures -> Recovery Manager Computer Failures -> Oracle Real Application Clusters and Oracle Clusterware Computer Failures -> Oracle RAC One Node Computer Failures -> Fast-Start Fault Recovery Computer Failures -> Oracle Data Guard Computer Failures -> Oracle GoldenGate and Oracle Streams Storage Failures -> Oracle Automatic Storage Management Storage Failures -> Oracle Data Guard Storage Failures -> RMAN with Fast Recovery Area and Oracle Secure Backup Storage Failures -> Oracle GoldenGate and Oracle Streams Data Corruption -> Oracle Exadata Storage Server Software (Exadata Cell) and Oracle ASM Data Corruption -> Corruption Prevention, Detection, and Repair Data Corruption -> Data Recovery Advisor and RMAN with Fast Recovery Area Data Corruption -> Oracle Data Guard Data Corruption -> Oracle GoldenGate and Oracle Streams Human Errors -> Oracle Security Features Human Errors -> Oracle Flashback Technology Human Errors -> LogMiner Lost writes -> Oracle Data Guard, RMAN, DB_LOST_WRITE_PROTECT Lost writes -> Oracle Data Guard Oracle Exadata Storage Server Software (Exadata Cell) Hangs or slow down - Oracle Database and Oracle Enterprise Manager 10

Maiores informações High Availability Overview: http://docs.oracle.com/database/121/haovw/toc.htm High Availability Best Practices: http://docs.oracle.com/database/121/habpt/toc.htm 11

Cenário 1: Oracle RAC + Oracle Data Guard Ambiente Produção Oracle RAC: nerv01 e nerv02 / nerv03 e nerv04 / nerv05 e nerv06 / nerv07 e nerv08 NFS: nerv09 ASM: nerv09 DNS: nerv09 Ambiente Contingência Oracle Data Guard Physical Standby: nerv11 / nerv12 / nerv13 / nerv14 NFS: nerv10 ASM: nerv10 DNS: nerv10 Ambiente Observador Oracle Client: observer-rac01 / observer-rac02 / observer-rac03 / observer-rac04 12

Cenário 2: Oracle RAC + Oracle Golden Gate Ambiente Produção Oracle RAC: nerv01 e nerv02 / nerv03 e nerv04 / nerv05 e nerv06 / nerv07 e nerv08 NFS: nerv09 ASM: nerv09 DNS: nerv09 Ambiente Contingência Oracle Database: nerv11 / nerv12 / nerv13 / nerv14 NFS: nerv10 ASM: nerv10 DNS: nerv10 13

Cenário 3: Oracle RAC Extended Ambiente Produção Oracle RAC: nerv01 e nerv02 / nerv03 e nerv04 / nerv05 e nerv06 / nerv07 e nerv08 NFS: nerv09 ASM: nerv09 DNS: nerv09 Ambiente Contingência Oracle RAC: nerv11 / nerv12 / nerv13 / nerv14 NFS: nerv10 ASM: nerv10 DNS: nerv10 Ambiente Observador NFS: nerv15 14

Lab 1 Instalação OEL 6 Hands On! 15 15

Lab 1.1: Instalação OEL 6 Nas máquinas nerv01, nerv02 e nerv11, instale o OEL. - 1a tela: Install or upgrade an existing system - 2a tela: Skip - 3a tela: Next - 4a tela: English (English), Next - 5a tela: Brazilian ABNT2, Next - 6a tela: Basic Storage Devices, Next - 7a tela: Fresh Installation, Next - 8a tela: nerv01.localdomain, Next - 9a tela: America/Sao Paulo, Next - 10a tela: Nerv2015, Nerv2015, Next - 11a tela: Create Custom Layout, Next 16 16

Lab 1.2: Instalação OEL 6-12a tela: Crie as partições como abaixo, e em seguida, Next: sda1 1024 MB /boot sda2 100000 MB / sda3 20000 MB /home sda5 16384 MB swap sda6 10000 MB /var sda7 10000 MB /tmp sda8 Espaço restante /u01-13a tela: Format - 14a tela: Write changes to disk - 15a tela: Next - 16a tela: Minimal - 17a tela: Reboot - Retire o DVD. 17 1717

Lab 2 Configuração OEL 6 Hands On! 18 18

Lab 2.1 Configuração OEL 6 Nas máquinas nerv01, nerv02 e nerv11, configure as placas de rede. 19 19

Lab 2.2 Configuração OEL 6 Nas máquinas nerv01, nerv02 e nerv11, atualize o sistema operacional e execute a instalação dos pré-requisitos. # service network restart # yum -y update # yum -y install oracle-rdbms-server-12cr1-preinstall # yum -y install oracleasm-support # yum -y install unzip wget iscsi-initiator-utils java-1.7.0-openjdk parted # yum -y install unixodbc unixodbc.i686 unixodbc-devel unixodbc-devel.i686 # wget http://download.oracle.com/otn_software/asmlib/oracleasmlib-2.0.12-1.el6.x86_64.rpm # rpm -ivh oracleasmlib-2.0.12-1.el6.x86_64.rpm Nas máquinas nerv01, nerv02 e nerv11, remova o DNS 8.8.8.8 da placa de rede eth0. Nas máquinas nerv01, nerv02 e nerv11, altere a seguinte linha no arquivo /etc/fstab. tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults,size=4g 00 20 20

Lab 2.3 Configuração OEL 6 Nas máquinas nerv01, nerv02 e nerv11, ACRESCENTAR AO FINAL do arquivo /etc/hosts: # Public 192.168.0.101 192.168.0.102 192.168.0.121 # Private 192.168.1.101 192.168.1.102 192.168.1.121 # Virtual 192.168.0.111 192.168.0.112 192.168.0.131 # Storage 192.168.0.201 192.168.0.202 # Client 192.168.0.191 192.168.0.195 nerv01.localdomain nerv02.localdomain nerv11.localdomain nerv01 nerv02 nerv11 nerv01-priv.localdomain nerv01-priv nerv02-priv.localdomain nerv02-priv nerv11-priv.localdomain nerv11-priv nerv01-vip.localdomain nerv01-vip nerv02-vip.localdomain nerv02-vip nerv11-vip.localdomain nerv11-vip nerv09.localdomain nerv10.localdomain nerv09 nerv10 observer-rac01.localdomain observer-rac01 nerv15.localdomain nerv15 21 21

Lab 2.4 Configuração OEL 6 Nas máquinas nerv01, nerv02 e nerv11, executar os comandos abaixo. # groupadd oper # groupadd asmadmin # groupadd asmdba # groupadd asmoper # usermod -g oinstall -G dba,oper,asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper oracle # mkdir -p /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid # mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/db_1 # chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01 # chmod -R 775 /u01 # passwd oracle (Coloque como senha do usuário oracle: Nerv2015) 22 22

Lab 2.5 Configuração OEL 6 Nas máquinas nerv01, nerv02 e nerv11, altere o SELinux de enforcing para permissive. # vi /etc/selinux/config Nas máquinas nerv01, nerv02 e nerv11, desabilite o firewall. # chkconfig iptables off # chkconfig ip6tables off Nas máquinas nerv01, nerv02 e nerv11, desabilite o NTP. # mv /etc/ntp.conf /etc/ntp.conf.org # reboot 23 23

Lab 2.6 Configuração OEL 6 Nas máquinas nerv01 e nerv02, com o usuário oracle, ACRESCENTAR NO FINAL do arquivo /home/oracle/.bash_profile as linhas abaixo. export TMP=/tmp export TMPDIR=$TMP export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=nerv01.localdomain export ORACLE_UNQNAME=ORCL export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.1.0.2/db_1 export GRID_HOME=/u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid export CRS_HOME=$GRID_HOME export ORACLE_SID=ORCL1 export ORACLE_TERM=xterm export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then ulimit -p 16384 ulimit -n 65536 else ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536 fi fi 24 24

Lab 2.7 Configuração OEL 6 Na máquina nerv11, com o usuário oracle, ACRESCENTAR NO FINAL do arquivo /home/oracle/.bash_profile as linhas abaixo. export TMP=/tmp export TMPDIR=$TMP export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=nerv11.localdomain export ORACLE_UNQNAME=ORCL export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/db_1 export GRID_HOME=/u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid export CRS_HOME=$GRID_HOME export ORACLE_SID=ORCL export ORACLE_TERM=xterm export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then ulimit -p 16384 ulimit -n 65536 else ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536 fi fi 25 25

Lab 3 Storage Hands On! 26 26

Lab 3.1 Storage Nas máquinas nerv09 e nerv10, crie 3 partições de 5GB, e 4 de 10GB. Nas máquinas nerv09 e nerv10, configure o iscsi server. # yum -y install scsi-target-utils # cat /etc/tgt/targets.conf <target iqn.2010-10.com.nervinformatica:storage.asm01-01> backing-store /dev/sda5 initiator-address 192.168.0.101 initiator-address 192.168.0.102 </target> <target iqn.2010-10.com.nervinformatica:storage.asm01-02> backing-store /dev/sda6 initiator-address 192.168.0.101 initiator-address 192.168.0.102 </target>... # service tgtd start # chkconfig tgtd on 27 27

Lab 3.2 Storage Nas máquinas nerv01, nerv02 e nerv11, ative o pacote iscsi Initiator. # chkconfig iscsid on Nas máquinas nerv01, nerv02 e nerv11, verifique os Discos exportados no Storage. # iscsiadm -m discovery -t sendtargets -p 192.168.0.201 -l Nas máquinas nerv01, nerv02 e nerv11, deixe APENAS os novos discos no arquivo /etc/iscsi/initiatorname.iscsi. InitiatorName=iqn.2010-10.com.nervinformatica:storage.asm01-01 InitiatorName=iqn.2010-10.com.nervinformatica:storage.asm01-02 InitiatorName=iqn.2010-10.com.nervinformatica:storage.asm01-03 InitiatorName=iqn.2010-10.com.nervinformatica:storage.asm01-04 InitiatorName=iqn.2010-10.com.nervinformatica:storage.asm01-05 InitiatorName=iqn.2010-10.com.nervinformatica:storage.asm01-06 InitiatorName=iqn.2010-10.com.nervinformatica:storage.asm01-07 28 28

Lab 3.3 Storage Nas máquinas nerv01, nerv02 e nerv11, verifique se os discos foram adicionados. # fdisk -l Nas máquinas nerv01 e nerv11, particione os novos discos. # fdisk /dev/sdb n <enter> p <enter> 1 <enter> <enter> <enter> w <enter>... Na máquina nerv02, execute a detecção dos novos discos. # partprobe /dev/sdb... # fdisk -l 29 29

Lab 3.4 Storage Nas máquinas nerv01, nerv02 e nerv11, configure a ASMLib. # /etc/init.d/oracleasm configure oracle <enter> asmadmin <enter> y <enter> y <enter> # /etc/init.d/oracleasm status Nas máquinas nerv01 e nerv11, crie os discos do ASM. # /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk DISK01 /dev/sdb1 # /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk DISK02 /dev/sdc1 # /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk DISK03 /dev/sdd1 # /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk DISK04 /dev/sde1 # /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk DISK05 /dev/sdf1 # /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk DISK06 /dev/sdg1 # /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk DISK07 /dev/sdh1 Na máquina nerv02, execute a detecção dos discos criados. # /etc/init.d/oracleasm scandisks 30 30

Lab 3.5 Storage Nas máquinas nerv01, nerv02 e nerv11, verifique se os discos estão corretos. # /etc/init.d/oracleasm listdisks # /etc/init.d/oracleasm querydisk -v -p DISK01 # /etc/init.d/oracleasm querydisk -v -p DISK02 # /etc/init.d/oracleasm querydisk -v -p DISK03 # /etc/init.d/oracleasm querydisk -v -p DISK04 # /etc/init.d/oracleasm querydisk -v -p DISK05 # /etc/init.d/oracleasm querydisk -v -p DISK06 # /etc/init.d/oracleasm querydisk -v -p DISK07 Nas máquinas nerv01, nerv02 e nerv11, verifique se os discos estão corretos. # ls -lh /dev/oracleasm/disks/ brw-rw----. 1 oracle asmadmin 8, 33 Mar 18 08:25 DISK01 brw-rw----. 1 oracle asmadmin 8, 65 Mar 18 08:26 DISK02 brw-rw----. 1 oracle asmadmin 8, 81 Mar 18 08:26 DISK03 brw-rw----. 1 oracle asmadmin 8, 49 Mar 18 08:26 DISK04 brw-rw----. 1 oracle asmadmin 8, 97 Mar 18 08:26 DISK05 brw-rw----. 1 oracle asmadmin 8, 113 Mar 18 08:26 DISK06 brw-rw----. 1 oracle asmadmin 8, 17 Mar 18 08:26 DISK07 31 31

Lab 4 - Grid Infraestructure Hands On! 32 32

Lab 4.1 Grid Infrastructure Na máquina nerv01, com o usuário oracle, descompacte e execute o instalador do Grid Infrastructure. $ cd /home/oracle $ unzip -q linuxamd64_12102_grid_1of2.zip $ unzip -q linuxamd64_12102_grid_2of2.zip Nas máquinas nerv01 e nerv02, instale o Cluster Verification Utility. # rpm -ivh /home/oracle/grid/rpm/cvuqdisk-1.0.9-1.rpm Na máquina nerv01, inicie a instalação do Grid Infrastructure. $ cd grid $./runinstaller 33 33

Lab 4.2 Grid Infrastructure 34 34

Lab 4.32 Grid Infrastructure Na máquina nerv11, com o usuário oracle, descompacte e execute o instalador do Grid Infrastructure. [oracle@nerv01 ~]$ ssh -CX oracle@nerv11 [oracle@nerv11 ~]$ unzip -q linuxamd64_12102_grid_1of2.zip [oracle@nerv11 ~]$ unzip -q linuxamd64_12102_grid_2of2.zip Na máquina nerv11, instale o Cluster Verification Utility. # rpm -ivh /home/oracle/grid/rpm/cvuqdisk-1.0.9-1.rpm Na máquina nerv11, inicie a instalação do Grid Infrastructure. $ cd grid $./runinstaller 64 64

Lab 5 Oracle Database Software Hands On! 81 81

Lab 5.1 Oracle Database Software Na máquina nerv01, com o usuário oracle, descompacte e execute o instalador do Oracle Database Software. $ cd /home/oracle $ unzip -q linuxamd64_12102_database_1of2.zip $ unzip -q linuxamd64_12102_database_2of2.zip $ cd database $./runinstaller 82 82

Lab 5.2 Oracle Database Software 83 83

Lab 5.17 Oracle Database Software Na máquina nerv11, com o usuário oracle, descompacte e execute o instalador do Oracle Database Software. $ cd /home/oracle $ unzip -q linuxamd64_12102_database_1of2.zip $ unzip -q linuxamd64_12102_database_2of2.zip $ cd database $./runinstaller 98 98

LAB 6 ASM Hands On! 111 111

Lab 6.1 ASM Na máquina nerv01, configure os outros Disk Groups do ASM. $ export ORACLE_HOME=$GRID_HOME $ export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1 $ sqlplus / AS SYSASM SQL> CREATE DISKGROUP DATA NORMAL REDUNDANCY DISK 'ORCL:DISK04', 'ORCL:DISK05'; SQL> CREATE DISKGROUP FRA NORMAL REDUNDANCY DISK 'ORCL:DISK06', 'ORCL:DISK07'; SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP DATA SET ATTRIBUTE 'compatible.asm' = '12.1.0.2.0'; SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP FRA SET ATTRIBUTE 'compatible.asm' = '12.1.0.2.0'; SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP DATA SET ATTRIBUTE 'compatible.rdbms' = '12.1.0.2.0'; SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP FRA SET ATTRIBUTE 'compatible.rdbms' = '12.1.0.2.0'; $ srvctl start diskgroup -g DATA -n nerv02 $ srvctl enable diskgroup -g DATA -n nerv02 $ srvctl start diskgroup -g FRA -n nerv02 $ srvctl enable diskgroup -g FRA -n nerv02 112 112

Lab 6.2 ASM Na máquina nerv11, configure os outros Disk Groups do ASM. $ export ORACLE_HOME=$GRID_HOME $ export ORACLE_SID=+ASM $ sqlplus / AS SYSASM SQL> CREATE DISKGROUP DATA NORMAL REDUNDANCY DISK 'ORCL:DISK04', 'ORCL:DISK05'; SQL> CREATE DISKGROUP FRA NORMAL REDUNDANCY DISK 'ORCL:DISK06', 'ORCL:DISK07'; SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP DATA SET ATTRIBUTE 'compatible.asm' = '12.1.0.2.0'; SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP FRA SET ATTRIBUTE 'compatible.asm' = '12.1.0.2.0'; SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP DATA SET ATTRIBUTE 'compatible.rdbms' = '12.1.0.2.0'; SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP FRA SET ATTRIBUTE 'compatible.rdbms' = '12.1.0.2.0'; 113 113

Lab 7 Oracle Database Hands On! 114 114

Lab 7.1 Oracle Database Na máquina nerv01, execute o DBCA. 115 115

Lab 7.2 Oracle Database 116 116

Lab 8 RAC + Data Guard Hands On! 130 130

Lab 8.1 Data Guard Nas máquinas nerv01, nerv02 e nerv11, deixe o tnsnames do ORACLE_HOME como abaixo. PROD = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = rac01-scan.localdomain)(port = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = ORCL) ) ) DR = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = nerv11.localdomain)(port = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = DR) ) ) 131 131

Lab 8.2 Data Guard Nas máquinas nerv01, nerv02 e nerv11, acrescente as linhas abaixo no final do arquivo $GRID_HOME/network/admin/listener.ora. SID_LIST_LISTENER= (SID_LIST= (SID_DESC= (GLOBAL_DBNAME=ORCL_DGMGRL) (ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/db_1) (SID_NAME=ORCL1) ) ) Nas máquinas nerv01, nerv02 e nerv11, teste a nova configuração do LISTENER. $ export ORACLE_HOME=$GRID_HOME $ $GRID_HOME/bin/lsnrctl status $ srvctl stop listener $ srvctl start listener $ $GRID_HOME/bin/lsnrctl status 132 132

Lab 8.3 Data Guard Na máquina nerv01, habilite os pré-requisitos do Data Guard. $ export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.1.0.2/db_1 $ export ORACLE_SID=ORCL1 $ srvctl stop database -d ORCL $ srvctl start instance -d ORCL -i ORCL1 -o mount $ sqlplus / AS SYSDBA SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST='+FRA'; SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST_SIZE=10G; SQL> ALTER DATABASE ARCHIVELOG; SQL> ALTER DATABASE FORCE LOGGING; SQL> ALTER DATABASE FLASHBACK ON; SQL> ALTER DATABASE OPEN; $ srvctl start instance -d ORCL -i ORCL2 Na máquina nerv01, altere a localização do SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE. $ rman target / RMAN> CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '+FRA/snapcf.f'; 133 133

Lab 8.4 Data Guard Na máquina nerv01, crie um STANDBY CONTROLFILE. SQL> ALTER DATABASE CREATE STANDBY CONTROLFILE AS '/home/oracle/stb.ctl'; Na máquina nerv01, execute um Backup do Banco de Dados e Archives. RMAN> BACKUP DATABASE FORMAT '/home/oracle/backup_banco_%u.rman'; RMAN> BACKUP ARCHIVELOG ALL FORMAT '/home/oracle/backup_archives_%u.rman'; Na máquina nerv01, copie o PASSWORD FILE para a máquina nerv11. ASMCMD [+] > ls -l DATA/ORCL/PASSWORD/ ASMCMD [+] > pwcopy DATA/ORCL/PASSWORD/pwdorcl.123 /home/oracle/orapworcl $ scp /home/oracle/orapworcl nerv11:$oracle_home/dbs/orapworcl Na máquina nerv01, copie o STANDBY CONTROLFILE para a máquina nerv11. SQL> CREATE PFILE='/home/oracle/initORCL.ora' FROM SPFILE; $ scp /home/oracle/initorcl.ora nerv11:$oracle_home/dbs/initorcl.ora Na máquina nerv01, copie o STANDBY CONTROLFILE para a máquina nerv11. $ scp /home/oracle/stb.ctl nerv11:/home/oracle/ Na máquina nerv01, copie o BACKUP para a máquina nerv11. $ scp /home/oracle/backup_*.rman nerv11:/home/oracle/ 134 134

Lab 8.5 Data Guard Na máquina nerv11, remova as seguintes linhas do arquivo initorcl.ora. ORCL1.* ORCL2.* *.cluster_database=true Na máquina nerv11, adicione a seguinte linha do arquivo initorcl.ora. *.undo_tablespace='undotbs1' Na máquina nerv11, crie o diretório do ADUMP, que está no initorcl.ora. $ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump Na máquina nerv11, crie um SPFILE a partir do arquivo initorcl.ora. SQL> CREATE SPFILE FROM PFILE; SQL> STARTUP NOMOUNT; 135 135

Lab 8.6 Data Guard Na máquina nerv11, altere o parâmetro DB_UNIQUE_NAME. SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET DB_UNIQUE_NAME='DR' SCOPE=SPFILE; SQL> SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE; SQL> STARTUP NOMOUNT; Na máquina nerv11, restaure o CONTROLFILE. RMAN> RESTORE CONTROLFILE FROM '/home/oracle/stb.ctl'; SQL> ALTER DATABASE MOUNT STANDBY DATABASE; Na máquina nerv11, corrija os metadados do RMAN. RMAN> CROSSCHECK BACKUP; RMAN> CROSSCHECK ARCHIVELOG ALL; RMAN> DELETE NOPROMPT EXPIRED BACKUP; RMAN> DELETE NOPROMPT EXPIRED ARCHIVELOG ALL; RMAN> CATALOG START WITH '/home/oracle/backup'; Na máquina nerv11, restaure o banco de dados. RMAN> RESTORE DATABASE; RMAN> RECOVER DATABASE; 136 136

Lab 8.7 Data Guard Na máquina nerv11, habilite os pré-requisitos do Data Guard. Teste o SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST='+FRA'; SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST_SIZE=10G; SQL> ALTER DATABASE ARCHIVELOG; SQL> ALTER DATABASE FLASHBACK ON; Na máquina nerv11, adicione o banco de dados ao Grid. $ srvctl add database -d ORCL -oraclehome /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/db_1 $ srvctl start database -d ORCL $ srvctl modify database -db ORCL -pwfile /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/db_1/dbs/orapworcl Teste a autenticação via PASSWORD FILE entre as três máquinas. [oracle@nerv01 ~]$ sqlplus SYS/Nerv2015@DR AS SYSDBA [oracle@nerv02 ~]$ sqlplus SYS/Nerv2015@DR AS SYSDBA [oracle@nerv11 ~]$ sqlplus SYS/Nerv2015@PROD AS SYSDBA Nas máquinas nerv01 e nerv11, configure o Data Guard Broker. SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET DG_BROKER_CONFIG_FILE1 = '+FRA/DR1.DAT' SCOPE=BOTH; SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET DG_BROKER_CONFIG_FILE2 = '+FRA/DR2.DAT' SCOPE=BOTH; SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET DG_BROKER_START=TRUE; 137 137

Lab 8.8 Data Guard Na máquina nerv01, crie a configuração do Data Guard Broker. Teste o $ dgmgrl SYS/Nerv2015@PROD DGMGRL> CREATE CONFIGURATION 'DRSolution' AS PRIMARY DATABASE IS ORCL CONNECT IDENTIFIER IS PROD; Na máquina nerv01, adicione a máquina nerv11 na configuração. DGMGRL> ADD DATABASE DR AS CONNECT IDENTIFIER IS DR; Nas três máquinas, acompanhe o Alert Log. Na máquina nerv01, habilite a configuração. DGMGRL> SHOW CONFIGURATION; DGMGRL> ENABLE CONFIGURATION; DGMGRL> SHOW CONFIGURATION; 138 138

Lab 8.9 Data Guard Na máquina nerv11, crie STANDBY LOGFILEs. Teste o SQL> ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE CANCEL; SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE; SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE; SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE; SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE; SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE; SQL> ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE DISCONNECT FROM SESSION; Nas máquina nerv01 crie STANDBY LOGFILEs. SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE THREAD 1; SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE THREAD 1; SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE THREAD 1; SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE THREAD 1; SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE THREAD 1; SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE THREAD 2; SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE THREAD 2; SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE THREAD 2; SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE THREAD 2; SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE THREAD 2; 139 139

Lab 8.10 Data Guard Na máquina nerv01, verifique detalhes de um banco de dados. DGMGRL> SHOW DATABASE VERBOSE ORCL; DGMGRL> EDIT DATABASE ORCL SET PROPERTY 'ArchiveLagTarget'=600; DGMGRL> EDIT DATABASE ORCL SET PROPERTY 'StandbyFileManagement'=AUTO; DGMGRL> SHOW DATABASE ORCL 'ArchiveLagTarget'; DGMGRL> SHOW DATABASE ORCL 'StandbyFileManagement'; Na máquina nerv01, altere o Protection Mode. DGMGRL> EDIT DATABASE ORCL SET PROPERTY 'LogXptMode'='SYNC'; DGMGRL> EDIT DATABASE DR SET PROPERTY 'LogXptMode'='SYNC'; DGMGRL> EDIT CONFIGURATION SET PROTECTION MODE AS MAXAVAILABILITY; Na máquina nerv01, verifique se o Protection Mode foi alterado. DGMGRL> SHOW CONFIGURATION; DGMGRL> SHOW DATABASE VERBOSE ORCL; DGMGRL> SHOW DATABASE VERBOSE DR; DGMGRL> SHOW INSTANCE VERBOSE ORCL1 ON DATABASE ORCL; DGMGRL> SHOW INSTANCE VERBOSE ORCL2 ON DATABASE ORCL; DGMGRL> SHOW INSTANCE VERBOSE ORCL ON DATABASE DR; 140

Lab 8.11 Data Guard Na máquina nerv01, execute SWITCHOVER para a máquina nerv11, sempre acompanhando os Alert Logs. DGMGRL> SHOW CONFIGURATION; DGMGRL> SWITCHOVER TO DR; Na máquina nerv11, execute SWITCHBACK para a máquina nerv01, sempre acompanhando os Alert Logs. DGMGRL> SHOW CONFIGURATION; DGMGRL> SWITCHOVER TO ORCL; 141

Lab 8.12 Data Guard Desligue as máquinas nerv01 e nerv02. Execute FAILOVER para a máquina nerv11. $ dgmgrl SYS/Nerv2015@DR DGMGRL> FAILOVER TO DR; DGMGRL> SHOW CONFIGURATION; Ligue as máquinas nerv01 e nerv02, e na máquina nerv11, execute o REISNTATE. DGMGRL> REINSTATE DATABASE ORCL; Na máquina nerv11, execute o SWITCHOVER. DGMGRL> SWITCHOVER TO ORCL; 142

Lab 9 Fast-Start Failover Hands On! 143 143

Lights out administration 144

Lab 9.1: Fast-Start Failover Na máquina nerv01, configure o Fast-Start Failover. DGMGRL> EDIT DATABASE ORCL SET PROPERTY 'LogXptMode'='SYNC'; DGMGRL> EDIT DATABASE DR SET PROPERTY 'LogXptMode'='SYNC'; DGMGRL> EDIT CONFIGURATION SET PROTECTION MODE AS MAXAVAILABILITY; DGMGRL> EDIT CONFIGURATION SET PROPERTY FastStartFailoverLagLimit = 600; DGMGRL> EDIT CONFIGURATION SET PROPERTY FastStartFailoverThreshold = 30; DGMGRL> EDIT CONFIGURATION SET PROPERTY FastStartFailoverAutoReinstate = TRUE; DGMGRL> EDIT CONFIGURATION SET PROPERTY FastStartFailoverPmyShutdown = TRUE; DGMGRL> EDIT DATABASE ORCL SET PROPERTY FastStartFailoverTarget=DR; DGMGRL> ENABLE FAST_START FAILOVER; DGMGRL> SHOW CONFIGURATION; DGMGRL> SHOW FAST_START FAILOVER; 145

Lab 9.2: Fast-Start Failover Na máquina observer-rac01, inicie o observador. $ dgmgrl -logfile /home/oracle/observer.log SYS/Nerv2015@DR DGMGRL> START OBSERVER; Desligue as máquinas nerv01 e nerv02, e aguarde o FAILOVER. Ligue as máquinas nerv01 e nerv02. Aguarde o REINSTATE. Execute o SWITCHOVER. 146

Lab 9.3: Fast-Start Failover Na máquina nerv01, crie dois Services como abaixo. $GRID_HOME/bin/srvctl add service -d ORCL -r ORCL1,ORCL2 -s OLTP -l PRIMARY -w 1 -z 10 $GRID_HOME/bin/srvctl add service -d ORCL -r ORCL1,ORCL2 -s OLAP -l PHYSICAL_STANDBY -w 1 -z 10 Na máquina nerv11, crie dois Services como abaixo. $GRID_HOME/bin/srvctl add service -d ORCL -s OLTP -l PRIMARY -w 1 -z 10 $GRID_HOME/bin/srvctl add service -d ORCL -s OLAP -l PHYSICAL_STANDBY -w 1 -z 10 Na máquina nerv01, inicie os dois Services. $GRID_HOME/bin/srvctl start service -d ORCL -s OLTP $GRID_HOME/bin/srvctl start service -d ORCL -s OLAP Na máquina nerv01, gere alguns Archived Redo Logs e espere replicar para o DR. Na máquina nerv01, pare o Service OLAP. $GRID_HOME/bin/srvctl stop service -d ORCL -s OLAP Na máquina nerv11, inicie o Service OLAP. $GRID_HOME/bin/srvctl start service -d ORCL -s OLAP 147

Lab 9.4: Fast-Start Failover Na máquina observer-rac01, adicione estas duas entradas ao tnsnames.ora, e teste sua conexão após um novo Failover. OLTP_RAC01 = (DESCRIPTION= (LOAD_BALANCE=OFF) (FAILOVER=ON) (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=rac01-scan)(PORT=1521)) (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=nerv11)(PORT=1521)) (CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=OLTP)) ) OLAP_RAC01 = (DESCRIPTION= (LOAD_BALANCE=OFF) (FAILOVER=ON) (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=nerv11)(PORT=1521)) (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=rac01-scan)(PORT=1521)) (CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=OLAP)) ) 148

Lab 10 ACFS Hands On! 149 149

Vantagens ACFS Mirroring Stripping Replicação Snapshots Alta Disponibilidade 150

Desvantagens ACFS Produto recente (11gR2) Configuração complexa Dependência do Kernel Depêndencia dos componentes do Grid Infrastructure Ainda não suportado pelo UEK 3 sem Patch Bug ID 16318126 Oracle ASM Cluster File System (ACFS) is currently not supported for use with UEK R3. http://docs.oracle.com/cd/e37670_01/e51472/e51472.pdf 151

Lab 10.1: NFS Na máquina nerv09, crie 1 diretório. # mkdir /shared_ogg Na máquina nerv09, adicionar no arquivo /etc/exports: /shared_ogg *(rw,sync,no_wdelay,insecure_locks,no_root_squash) Na máquina nerv09, reiniciar o NFS Server: # yum -y install nfs-utils # service rpcbind start; service nfs start; chkconfig rpcbind on; chkconfig nfs on Nas máquinas nerv01 e nerv02, adicionar no arquivo /etc/fstab a linha abaixo. nerv09:/shared_ogg /u01/shared_ogg nfs rw,bg,hard,nointr,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,tcp,actimeo=0,vers=3,timeo=600 0 0 Na máquina nerv01, executar: # mkdir /u01/shared_ogg # mount /u01/shared_ogg # mkdir /u01/shared_ogg/rac01 # chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/shared_ogg/rac01 Na máquina nerv02, executar: # mkdir /u01/shared_ogg # mount /u01/shared_ogg 152 152

Lab 11 Golden Gate Unidirecional Hands On! 153 153

Lab 11.1: Golden Gate Unidirecional Na máquina nerv11, crie um novo banco de dados. $ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbca -silent -createdatabase -templatename General_Purpose.dbc \ -gdbname BI -sid BI \ -syspassword Nerv2015 -systempassword Nerv2015 \ -storagetype ASM -asmsnmppassword Nerv2015 \ -diskgroupname DATA -recoveryareadestination FRA \ -nodelist nerv11 \ -characterset WE8IS08859P15 -listeners LISTENER \ -memorypercentage 20 -sampleschema true -emconfiguration NONE \ -continueonnonfatalerrors false Na máquina nerv11, coloque o banco BI em modo ARCHIVELOG. $ export ORACLE_SID=BI SQL> SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE; SQL> STARTUP MOUNT; SQL> ALTER DATABASE ARCHIVELOG; SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST='+FRA'; SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST_SIZE=10G; SQL> ALTER DATABASE FORCE LOGGING; SQL> ALTER DATABASE OPEN; 154

Lab 11.2: Instalação Golden Gate Nas máquinas nerv01 e nerv11, inicie a instalação do Golden Gate. [oracle@nerv01 ~]$ unzip -q fbo_ggs_linux_x64_shiphome.zip [oracle@nerv01 ~]$ cd fbo_ggs_linux_x64_shiphome/disk1 [oracle@nerv01 Disk1]$./runInstaller 155

Lab 11.3: Instalação Golden Gate 156

Lab 11.4: Instalação Golden Gate Na máquina nerv01, instale em /u01/shared_ogg/rac01 Na máquina nerv11, instale em /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/ogg 157

Lab 11.7: Golden Gate Unidirecional Na máquina nerv01, verifique se o MANAGER está em funcionamento. $ cd /u01/shared_ogg/rac01 $./ggsci GGSCI> info all Na máquina nerv11, verifique se o MANAGER está em funcionamento. $ cd /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/ogg $./ggsci GGSCI> info all 160

Lab 11.8: Golden Gate Unidirecional Na máquina nerv01, habilite os pré-requisitos do Golden Gate. SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD SUPPLEMENTAL LOG DATA; SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET ENABLE_GOLDENGATE_REPLICATION=TRUE; Na máquina nerv01, crie o usuário para o Golden Gate. $ cd /u01/shared_ogg/rac01/ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/sqlplus / AS SYSDBA SQL> CREATE TABLESPACE OGG; SQL> CREATE USER OGG IDENTIFIED BY Nerv2015 DEFAULT TABLESPACE OGG TEMPORARY TABLESPACE TEMP; SQL> GRANT CONNECT, RESOURCE, UNLIMITED TABLESPACE TO OGG; SQL> GRANT EXECUTE ON UTL_FILE TO OGG; @marker_setup.sql OGG <enter> @ddl_setup.sql OGG <enter> @role_setup.sql OGG <enter> @ddl_enable.sql 161

Lab 11.9: Golden Gate Unidirecional Na máquina nerv11, habilite os pré-requisitos do Golden Gate. $ export ORACLE_SID=BI $ORACLE_HOME/bin/sqlplus / AS SYSDBA SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD SUPPLEMENTAL LOG DATA; SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET ENABLE_GOLDENGATE_REPLICATION=TRUE; Na máquina nerv11, crie o usuário para o Golden Gate. $ cd /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/ogg $ORACLE_HOME/bin/sqlplus / AS SYSDBA SQL> CREATE TABLESPACE OGG; SQL> CREATE USER OGG IDENTIFIED BY Nerv2015 DEFAULT TABLESPACE OGG TEMPORARY TABLESPACE TEMP; SQL> GRANT CONNECT, RESOURCE, UNLIMITED TABLESPACE TO OGG; SQL> GRANT EXECUTE ON UTL_FILE TO OGG; @marker_setup.sql OGG <enter> @ddl_setup.sql OGG <enter> @role_setup.sql OGG <enter> @ddl_enable.sql 162

Lab 11.10: Golden Gate Unidirecional Na máquina nerv01, adicione o processo EXTRACT. GGSCI> add extract ext1, tranlog, THREADS 2, begin now GGSCI> add exttrail /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/ogg/dirdat/lt, extract ext1 Na máquina nerv01, edite o arquivo de parâmetros do processo EXTRACT. GGSCI> edit params ext1 extract ext1 userid OGG@ORCL, password Nerv2015 rmthost nerv11, mgrport 7809 rmttrail /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/ogg/dirdat/lt TRANLOGOPTIONS EXCLUDEUSER OGG ASMUSER SYS@ASM, ASMPASSWORD Nerv2015 ddl include mapped objname SCOTT.*; table SCOTT.*; 163

Lab 11.11: Golden Gate Unidirecional Na máquina nerv11, edite o arquivo de parâmetros GLOBAL. GGSCI> edit params./global GGSCHEMA OGG CHECKPOINTTABLE OGG.checkpoint Na máquina nerv11, crie a tabela de CHECKPOINT. GGSCI> dblogin userid OGG Nerv2015 <enter> GGSCI> add checkpointtable OGG.checkpoint Na máquina nerv11, adicione o processo REPLICAT. GGSCI> add replicat rep1, exttrail /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/ogg/dirdat/lt, checkpointtable OGG.checkpoint Na máquinas nerv11, edite o arquivo de parâmetros do processo REPLICAT. GGSCI> edit params rep1 replicat rep1 ASSUMETARGETDEFS userid OGG@BI, password Nerv2015 discardfile /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/ogg/dircrd/rep1_discard.txt, append, megabytes 10 DDL map SCOTT.*, target SCOTT.*; 164

Lab 11.12: Golden Gate Unidirecional Nas máquinas nerv01, nerv02 e nerv11, adicione o ASM ao tnsnames.ora do ORACLE_HOME. ASM = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = nerv01.localdomain)(port = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = +ASM) ) ) Nas máquinas nerv01 e nerv11, habilite o usuário SCOTT. SQL> ALTER USER SCOTT IDENTIFIED BY TIGER ACCOUNT UNLOCK; 165

Lab 11.13: Golden Gate Unidirecional Na máquina nerv01, acompanhe o log de erros. $ tail -f /u01/shared_ogg/rac01/ggserr.log Na máquina nerv11, acompanhe o log de erros. $ tail -f /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/ogg/ggserr.log Na máquina nerv01, inicie o processo EXTRACT. GGSCI> info all GGSCI> start extract ext1 GGSCI> info all Na máquina nerv11, inicie o processo REPLICAT. GGSCI> info all GGSCI> start replicat rep1 GGSCI> info all Teste a replicação de dados do usuário SCOTT entre as máquinas nerv01 e nerv11. Teste a replicação de dados do usuário SCOTT entre as máquinas nerv02 e nerv11. 166

Lab 12 Golden Gate Bidirecional Hands On! 167 167

Lab 12.1: Golden Gate Bidirecional Na máquina nerv11, verifique se o MANAGER e o REPLICAT estão em funcionamento. cd /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/ogg $./ggsci GGSCI> info all Na máquina nerv11, adicione o processo EXTRACT. GGSCI> add extract ext2, tranlog, THREADS 1, begin now GGSCI> add exttrail /u01/shared_ogg/rac01/dirdat/lt, extract ext2 Na máquina nerv11, edite o arquivo de parâmetros do processo EXTRACT. GGSCI> edit params ext2 extract ext2 userid OGG@BI, password Nerv2015 rmthost nerv01-vip, mgrport 7809 TRANLOGOPTIONS EXCLUDEUSER OGG ASMUSER SYS@ASM, ASMPASSWORD Nerv2015 rmttrail /u01/shared_ogg/rac01/dirdat/lt ddl include mapped objname SCOTT.*; table SCOTT.*; 168

Lab 12.2: Golden Gate Bidirecional Na máquina nerv01, edite o arquivo de parâmetros GLOBAL. GGSCI> edit params./global GGSCHEMA OGG CHECKPOINTTABLE OGG.checkpoint Na máquina nerv01, crie a tabela de CHECKPOINT. GGSCI> dblogin userid OGG Nerv2015 <enter> GGSCI> add checkpointtable OGG.checkpoint Na máquina nerv01, adicione o processo REPLICAT. GGSCI> add replicat rep2, exttrail /u01/shared_ogg/rac01/dirdat/lt, checkpointtable OGG.checkpoint Na máquinas nerv01, edite o arquivo de parâmetros do processo REPLICAT. GGSCI> edit params rep2 replicat rep2 ASSUMETARGETDEFS userid OGG@ORCL, password Nerv2015 discardfile /u01/shared_ogg/rac01/dircrd/rep1_discard.txt, append, megabytes 10 DDL map SCOTT.*, target SCOTT.*; 169

Lab 12.3: Golden Gate Bidirecional Na máquina nerv01, acompanhe o log de erros. $ tail -f /u01/shared_ogg/rac01/ggserr.log Na máquina nerv11, acompanhe o log de erros. $ tail -f /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/ogg/ggserr.log Na máquina nerv11, inicie o processo EXTRACT. GGSCI> info all GGSCI> start extract ext2 GGSCI> info all Na máquina nerv01, inicie o processo REPLICAT. GGSCI> info all GGSCI> start replicat rep2 GGSCI> info all Teste a replicação de dados do usuário SCOTT entre as máquinas nerv01 e nerv11. Teste a replicação de dados do usuário SCOTT entre as máquinas nerv02 e nerv11. Teste a replicação de dados do usuário SCOTT entre as máquinas nerv11 e nerv01. 170

Lab 13 Golden Gate High Availability Hands On! 171 171

Lab 13.1: Golden Gate HA Na máquina nerv01, crie um VIP e um Resource para o Golden Gate. # /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/appvipcfg create -network=1 -ip=192.168.0.141 -vipname=rac01-ogg-vip -user=root # /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl start resource rac01-ogg-vip -n nerv01 # vi /u01/shared_ogg/rac01/ogg_action.sh # chmod +x /u01/shared_ogg/rac01/ogg_action.sh # chown oracle:oinstall /u01/shared_ogg/rac01/ogg_action.sh # /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl add resource ogg -type cluster_resource -attr "ACTION_SCRIPT=/u01/shared_ogg/rac01/ogg_action.sh, CHECK_INTERVAL=30, START_DEPENDENCIES='hard(rac01-ogg-vip,ora.orcl.db) pullup(rac01-ogg-vip)', STOP_DEPENDENCIES='hard(rac01-ogg-vip)'" # /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl setperm resource rac01-ogg-vip -u user:oracle:r-x # /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl setperm resource ogg -o oracle 172

Lab 13.2: Golden Gate HA Na máquina nerv01, verifique e inicie o Resource do Golden Gate. $ /u01/shared_ogg/rac01/ogg_action.sh stop $ $GRID_HOME/bin/crsctl status res ogg $ $GRID_HOME/bin/crsctl start res ogg $ $GRID_HOME/bin/crsctl status res ogg $ $GRID_HOME/bin/crsctl stop res ogg $ $GRID_HOME/bin/crsctl status res ogg $ $GRID_HOME/bin/crsctl start res ogg $ $GRID_HOME/bin/crsctl status res ogg Reinicie a máquina nerv01, e verifique se o Golden Gate é iniciado na máquina nerv02. 173

Lab 14 RAC Extended Hands On! 174 174

Lab 14.0: RAC Extended Na máquina nerv01, desabilite a replicação via Data Guard. DGMGRL> DISABLE FAST_START FAILOVER; DGMGRL> EDIT CONFIGURATION SET PROTECTION MODE AS MAXPERFORMANCE; DGMGRL> REMOVE CONFIGURATION; SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET DG_BROKER_START=FALSE; Na máquina nerv01, remova os SERVICEs utilizados para o replicação via Data Guard. $ /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/srvctl stop service -d ORCL -s OLTP $ /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/srvctl stop service -d ORCL -s OLAP $ /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/srvctl disable service -d ORCL -s OLTP $ /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/srvctl disable service -d ORCL -s OLAP $ /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/srvctl remove service -d ORCL -s OLAP $ /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/srvctl remove service -d ORCL -s OLTP Na máquina nerv01, desabilite a replicação via Golden Gate. # /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl stop resource ogg # /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl delete resource ogg # /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl stop resource rac01-ogg-vip # /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/appvipcfg delete -vipname=rac01-ogg-vip 175

Lab 14.1: RAC Extended Na máquina nerv11, execute novamente o Lab 1 e 2. Na máquina nerv10, apague o conteúdo dos discos iscsi. # dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda5 bs=512 count=10000... Na máquina nerv09, altere o Servidor iscsi para permitir acesso aos discos para a máquina nerv11. # cat /etc/tgt/targets.conf <target iqn.2010-10.com.nervinformatica:storage.asm01-01> backing-store /dev/sda5 initiator-address 192.168.0.101 initiator-address 192.168.0.102 initiator-address 192.168.0.121 </target>... # service tgtd restart Também na máquina nerv10, altere o Servidor iscsi para permitir acesso aos discos para as máquinas nerv01 e nerv02. 176

Lab 14.2: RAC Extended Nas máquinas nerv01, nerv02 e nerv11, verifique os discos exportados pelo Storage. # chkconfig iscsid on # iscsiadm -m discovery -t sendtargets -p 192.168.0.201 -l # iscsiadm -m discovery -t sendtargets -p 192.168.0.202 -l Nas máquinas nerv01, nerv02 e nerv11, adicione os novos discos no arquivo /etc/iscsi/initiatorname.iscsi.... InitiatorName=iqn.2010-10.com.nervinformatica:storage.asm11-01 InitiatorName=iqn.2010-10.com.nervinformatica:storage.asm11-02 InitiatorName=iqn.2010-10.com.nervinformatica:storage.asm11-03 InitiatorName=iqn.2010-10.com.nervinformatica:storage.asm11-04 InitiatorName=iqn.2010-10.com.nervinformatica:storage.asm11-05 InitiatorName=iqn.2010-10.com.nervinformatica:storage.asm11-06 InitiatorName=iqn.2010-10.com.nervinformatica:storage.asm11-07 177 177

Lab 14.3: RAC Extended Nas máquinas nerv01, nerv02 e nerv11, verifique se os discos foram configurados localmente. # fdisk -l Na máquina nerv01, particione os novos discos. # fdisk /dev/sdi (e sdj, sdk, sdl, sdm, sdn, sdo) n <enter> p <enter> 1 <enter> <enter> <enter> w <enter>... 178 178

Lab 14.4: RAC Extended Nas máquinas nerv02 e nerv11, execute a detecção dos novos discos. # partprobe /dev/sdi # partprobe /dev/sdj # partprobe /dev/sdk # partprobe /dev/sdl # partprobe /dev/sdm # partprobe /dev/sdn # partprobe /dev/sdo Na máquinas nerv11, configure a ASMLib. # /etc/init.d/oracleasm configure oracle <enter> asmadmin <enter> y <enter> y <enter> # /etc/init.d/oracleasm status 179 179

Lab 14.5: RAC Extended Na máquina nerv01, crie os novos discos do ASM. # /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk DISK08 /dev/sdi1 # /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk DISK09 /dev/sdj1 # /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk DISK10 /dev/sdk1 # /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk DISK11 /dev/sdl1 # /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk DISK12 /dev/sdm1 # /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk DISK13 /dev/sdn1 # /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk DISK14 /dev/sdo1 Nas máquinas nerv02 e nerv11, execute a detecção dos discos criados. # /etc/init.d/oracleasm scandisks Nas máquinas nerv01, nerv02 e nerv11, verifique se os discos estão corretos. # /etc/init.d/oracleasm listdisks # /etc/init.d/oracleasm querydisk -v -p DISK08... Nas máquinas nerv01, nerv02 e nerv11, verifique se os discos estão corretos. # ls -lh /dev/oracleasm/disks/ brw-rw----. 1 oracle oinstall 8, 17 Mar 3 08:40 DISK00 brw-rw----. 1 oracle oinstall 8, 33 Mar 3 08:40 DISK01... 180 180

Lab 14.6: RAC Extended Nas máquinas nerv01, nerv02 e nerv11, remova a pasta /home/oracle/.ssh. $ rm -rf.ssh Na máquina nerv01, reconfigure o SSH sem senha. [oracle@nerv01 ~]$ ssh-keygen -t rsa <enter> <enter> <enter> [oracle@nerv01 ~]$ ssh oracle@nerv02 mkdir -p.ssh [oracle@nerv01 ~]$ ssh oracle@nerv11 mkdir -p.ssh [oracle@nerv01 ~]$ cat.ssh/id_rsa.pub ssh oracle@nerv01 'cat >>.ssh/authorized_keys' [oracle@nerv01 ~]$ cat.ssh/id_rsa.pub ssh oracle@nerv02 'cat >>.ssh/authorized_keys' [oracle@nerv01 ~]$ cat.ssh/id_rsa.pub ssh oracle@nerv11 'cat >>.ssh/authorized_keys' 181

Lab 14.7: RAC Extended Na máquina nerv02, reconfigure o SSH sem senha. [oracle@nerv02 ~]$ ssh-keygen -t rsa <enter> <enter> <enter> [oracle@nerv02 ~]$ cat.ssh/id_rsa.pub ssh oracle@nerv01 'cat >>.ssh/authorized_keys' [oracle@nerv02 ~]$ cat.ssh/id_rsa.pub ssh oracle@nerv02 'cat >>.ssh/authorized_keys' [oracle@nerv02 ~]$ cat.ssh/id_rsa.pub ssh oracle@nerv11 'cat >>.ssh/authorized_keys' Na máquina nerv11, reconfigure o SSH sem senha. [oracle@nerv11 ~]$ ssh-keygen -t rsa <enter> <enter> <enter> [oracle@nerv11 ~]$ cat.ssh/id_rsa.pub ssh oracle@nerv01 'cat >>.ssh/authorized_keys' [oracle@nerv11 ~]$ cat.ssh/id_rsa.pub ssh oracle@nerv02 'cat >>.ssh/authorized_keys' [oracle@nerv11 ~]$ cat.ssh/id_rsa.pub ssh oracle@nerv11 'cat >>.ssh/authorized_keys' 182

Lab 14.8: RAC Extended Na máquina nerv01, execute a instalação do Grid na máquina nerv11. $ cd $GRID_HOME/addnode $./addnode.sh -silent CLUSTER_NEW_NODES={nerv11} CLUSTER_NEW_VIRTUAL_HOSTNAMES={nerv11-vip} Na máquina nerv11, com o usuário root, execute os seguintes scripts. # /u01/app/orainventory/orainstroot.sh # /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/root.sh Na máquina nerv01, execute instalação do Oracle na máquina nerv11. $ cd $ORACLE_HOME/addnode $./addnode.sh -silent "CLUSTER_NEW_NODES={nerv11}" Na máquina nerv11, com o usuário root, execute o script abaixo. # /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/db_1/root.sh Na máquina nerv01, execute a adição da instância. $ $GRID_HOME/bin/srvctl add instance -d ORCL -i ORCL3 -n nerv11 183

Lab 14.9: RAC Extended Na máquina nerv01, conclua a adição do nó. SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET INSTANCE_NUMBER=3 SID='ORCL3' SCOPE=SPFILE; SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 3; SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 3; SQL> CREATE UNDO TABLESPACE UNDOTBS3; SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET UNDO_TABLESPACE=UNDOTBS3 SID='ORCL3' SCOPE=SPFILE; $ $GRID_HOME/bin/srvctl start instance -d ORCL -i ORCL3 184

Lab 14.10: RAC Extended Na máquina nerv01, faça a preparação para a criação dos novos FAILGROUPs. $ export ORACLE_HOME=$GRID_HOME $ export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1 SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET ASM_POWER_LIMIT = 11; SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP CONFIG REBALANCE POWER 11; SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP DATA REBALANCE POWER 11; SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP FRA REBALANCE POWER 11; 185

Lab 14.11: RAC Extended Na máquina nerv01, crie os novos FAILGROUPs. SQL> SELECT GROUP_NUMBER, PATH, NAME, FAILGROUP FROM V$ASM_DISK ORDER BY 1,2; SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP CONFIG ADD FAILGROUP FAILGROUPB DISK 'ORCL:DISK08'; SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP CONFIG ADD FAILGROUP FAILGROUPB DISK 'ORCL:DISK09'; SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP CONFIG ADD FAILGROUP FAILGROUPB DISK 'ORCL:DISK10'; SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP CONFIG DROP DISK DISK01; SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP CONFIG DROP DISK DISK02; SQL> SELECT * FROM V$ASM_OPERATION; SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP CONFIG ADD FAILGROUP FAILGROUPA DISK 'ORCL:DISK01'; SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP CONFIG ADD FAILGROUP FAILGROUPA DISK 'ORCL:DISK02'; SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP CONFIG DROP DISK DISK03; SQL> SELECT * FROM V$ASM_OPERATION; SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP CONFIG ADD FAILGROUP FAILGROUPA DISK 'ORCL:DISK03'; SQL> SELECT * FROM V$ASM_OPERATION; SQL> SELECT GROUP_NUMBER, PATH, NAME, FAILGROUP FROM V$ASM_DISK ORDER BY 1,2; 186

Lab 14.12: RAC Extended Na máquina nerv01, crie os novos FAILGROUPs. SQL> SELECT GROUP_NUMBER, PATH, NAME, FAILGROUP FROM V$ASM_DISK ORDER BY 1,2; SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP DATA ADD FAILGROUP FAILGROUPA DISK 'ORCL:DISK11'; SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP DATA ADD FAILGROUP FAILGROUPB DISK 'ORCL:DISK12'; SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP DATA DROP DISK DISK04; SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP DATA DROP DISK DISK05; SQL> SELECT * FROM V$ASM_OPERATION; SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP DATA ADD FAILGROUP FAILGROUPA DISK 'ORCL:DISK04'; SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP DATA ADD FAILGROUP FAILGROUPA DISK 'ORCL:DISK05'; SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP DATA DROP DISK DISK11; SQL> SELECT * FROM V$ASM_OPERATION; SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP DATA ADD FAILGROUP FAILGROUPB DISK 'ORCL:DISK11'; SQL> SELECT GROUP_NUMBER, PATH, NAME, FAILGROUP FROM V$ASM_DISK ORDER BY 1,2; 187

Lab 14.13: RAC Extended Na máquina nerv01, crie os novos FAILGROUPs. SQL> SELECT GROUP_NUMBER, PATH, NAME, FAILGROUP FROM V$ASM_DISK ORDER BY 1,2; SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP FRA ADD FAILGROUP FAILGROUPA DISK 'ORCL:DISK13'; SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP FRA ADD FAILGROUP FAILGROUPB DISK 'ORCL:DISK14'; SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP FRA DROP DISK DISK06; SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP FRA DROP DISK DISK07; SQL> SELECT * FROM V$ASM_OPERATION; SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP FRA ADD FAILGROUP FAILGROUPA DISK 'ORCL:DISK06'; SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP FRA ADD FAILGROUP FAILGROUPA DISK 'ORCL:DISK07'; SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP FRA DROP DISK DISK13; SQL> SELECT * FROM V$ASM_OPERATION; SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP FRA ADD FAILGROUP FAILGROUPB DISK 'ORCL:DISK13'; SQL> SELECT GROUP_NUMBER, PATH, NAME, FAILGROUP FROM V$ASM_DISK ORDER BY 1,2; 188