Ontology Building Process: The Wine Domain

Transcrição

1 Ontology Building Process: The Wine Domain João Graça, Márcio Mourão, Orlando Anunciação, Pedro Monteiro, H. Sofia Pinto, and Virgílio Loureiro

2 Summary Context Ontology Wine Domain Existing Wine Ontologies Ontology Building Process Knowledge acquisition Conceptualization Evaluation Formalization Future work

3 Context Project for a Post-Graduate Course Building an Ontology Team 4 students from Artificial Intelligence area Theoretical knowledge No prior practical experience

4 Ontology What is an ontology Concepts of a domain represented as: Classes - collection of individuals Instances individuals Concepts are hierarchically organized subclass, instance-of Other domain dependent relations produced-in, producer, produced-by

5 Wine Domain Type classified according to three main dimensions Wine making process White, Rosé and Red Grape maturity state Fermentation process

6 Wine Classification Wine dimensions Wine type (process, maturity, fermentation) Grape variety Harvesting year Producer Region Classification System European: Defines requirements for a wine Rest of the World: Producer asserts the quality of the wine Characteristics Measurable: alcohol percentage, tannin level and degree of acidity Ambiguous: vision, aroma and flavor

7 Existing Wine Ontologies Noy and McGuinness, 2001 Mismatches between concepts and relations acquired and represented Ex: Dessert Wines Lack of restrictions Red wine with white grapes is possible Conclusion A new ontology to be built from scratch

8 Ontology Building Process Knowledge Acquisition Conceptualization Evaluation Formalization

9 Knowledge Acquisition First Stage Sources: Books and Internet Unstructured information Different definitions for the same concept Result A glossary A general view about the domain Second Stage Found a Wine Domain Expert Structured interviews

10 Conceptualization (first stage) Conceptual model based on First Stage Brainstorming into a Blackboard Attempt to create a model from concepts General Conceptual Model

11 Conceptualization (second stage) First stage conceptual model evaluated by the Expert Introduction of abstract concepts Removal of very specific concepts New simpler conceptual model Covers about 90% of the Domain

12 Formalization OntoEdit Proprietary tool Beta Tester Program Concepts Classes & Instances Relations between concepts Attribute values of classes were restricted Impossible to create a red wine with only white grapes Impossible to assign a French region to a Portuguese wine

13 Results OntoEdit has a built in Inference Engine: Ontobroker Queries represented in F-Logic: Auxiliar predicate: FORALL Wine,Year, GrapeVariety hasgrapevarietyyear(wine,year, GrapeVariety) <- Wine:#Wine[#hasYear»Year], Wine[#hasGrapeVariety-» GrapeVariety]. - Query Select all grapes that were used in wines from the year 2001 FORALL Wine,GrapeVariety <- hasgrapevarietyyear (Vinho,2001,Casta). Wine Quinta de Roriz Tinto Reserva 2001 Quinta de Roriz Tinto Reserva 2001 Quinta do Cotto Tinto 2001 GrapeVariety Touriga Nacional Tinta Roriz Touriga Nacional

14 Future Work Refine the ontology Wine advisory system Dialogue system Increase the knowledge base