Massaging Organizations: How should Information Systems deal with change?

Transcrição

1 Massaging Organizations: How should Information Systems deal with change? Julio Cesar Sampaio do Prado Leite, Ph.D. Associate Professor, PUC-Rio

2 Abstract Efficacy of information systems is directly related to their power to act as a mirror. Projecting the organization into artificial and abstract systems is a Herculean task in which models have a fundamental role. These mirrors and their supporting technology bring themselves a change in the reality they try to model. In software engineering this kind of phenomena has been named E-type systems. In an E-type environment, our main concern is how to use information technology, in such a way, as to help an organization maintain its social responsibility. Understanding the medium message, in a transparent way, is a major challenge to information systems architects. We will glimpse of a vision where modeling languages have a role in making information open source and understandable to the actors that use them.

3 Initial Statements First of all: Use of McLuhan ideas is bounded by what Federman noticed in On Reading McLuhan "People make a great mistake trying to read me as if I was saying something I don t want them to believe me. I just want them to think." (quoted in Wallace Turner, "Understand McLuhan (sic) by Him,"The New York Times, November 22, 1966.). I am not an expert on McLuhan, I have just read some of this thoughts. Second: The metaphor is a rich one, and the crux is understanding how change is pervasive, it comes either from the medium as well as in the use of the medium. Third: Information systems and media are starting to mingle into a new entity.

4 Basic Premise: The Mirror

5 Basic Premise: The Mirror Real World Information System coherence consistency Coherence is related to mirror the reality. Consistency is related to information integrity.

6 Change is pervasive

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8 Organization Theory Taylor e Fayol. Mayo e Follet. Weber Simon Katz and Kahn Quality Movement Re-engineering

9 Morgan Metaphors Machines Living Organisms Brains Culture Government Psychological Prisons Flow and Transformation Domination Instruments

10 Organization Change: A structural view Function oriented structure Presidente Assessoria Marketing Produção Financeira Recursos Humanos

11 Organization Change: A structural view Division oriented structure Presidente Assessoria Sul Sudeste Centro Oeste Com pras Lojas Esto que Logís tica Pes soal Fin anç as Com pras Loja s Esto que Logí stica Pes soa l Fin an ças Con mpr as Loja s Esto que Log ístic a Pe ss oal Fin anç as

12 Organization Change: A structural view Matrix oriented structure Presidente Energia Radio Civil Líder de Projeto X Líder de Projeto Y Eng. A Eng. C Eng. E Eng. B Eng. D Eng. F

13 Organization Change: A structural view Network oriented structure A F E B C D

14 Technology

15 Types of Technology (Partial) Hardware Software Management Servers, Parallel Machines, Hubs, Portables, Mobile... Languages, Middleware, Operating Systems, Protocols, Data Base, CRM, XML, DAML, Visualization, Graphical Interfaces,... TQC, Re-engineering, CMMI, Workflow, Collaboration, CRM,..., Baseado no livro Sistemas de Informação de Leite, J.C.S.P. e Leal Ferreira, S.M.B.

16 Technology Players (TI/IS) The media (Gartner) The major hardware vendors The major software vendors The accounting companies The gurus...

17 Technology Call Center

18 Technology Front Office Back- Office

19 Technology Baseado no livro Sistemas de Informação de Leite, J.C.S.P. e Leal Ferreira, S.M.B.

20 Technology Baseado no livro Sistemas de Informação de Leite, J.C.S.P. e Leal Ferreira, S.M.B.

21 Technology Issue Based Information Systems 1. Question: "What system should we buy?" 1.1 Idea: "X" Con (Objects to): Doesn't fit w/ existing tools 1.2 Idea: "Y" Pro (Supports): State-of-the-art Technology The IBIS Model. An Argument used to endorse Idea Y

22 Technology (Supplier Side) Genesys ( Microsoft ( Vide Business Sofware (Messaging and Collaboration) ICQ ( Eudora ( IBM ( SAP ( Datasul ( Microssiga ( Baan ( IBM ( W4 ( IBM ( IBM Lotus ( FileNET ( Fujitsu (

23 Modeling Technology

24 Modeling Technology

25 Modeling Technology

26 Modeling Technology

27 Modeling Technology Baseado no livro Sistemas de Informação de Leite, J.C.S.P. e Leal Ferreira, S.M.B. ISAC (activity graphs elements) Conjunto de pessoas ou materiais Fluxo de pessoas/material Conjunto de mensagens Fluxo de mensagens Conjunto de pessoas/ materiais e mensagens Fluxo de pessoas/ materiais e mensagens Atividade: pessoas e outros recursos tomam parte na atividade.

28 Modeling Technology

29 Modeling Technology

30 Modeling Technology

31 Modeling Technology

32 Modeling Technology

33 Modeling Technology

34 organization hardware julio cesar sampaio do prado leite The Context software Information systems Baseado no livro Sistemas de Informação de Leite, J.C.S.P. e Leal Ferreira, S.M.B.

35 Organization Subsystems (Leavit) GOALS Tasks Structure TIME Tecnology People SPACE Baseado no livro Sistemas de Informação, Leite, J.C.S.P. e Leal Ferreira, S.M.B.

36 Our Taxonomy Transaction Systems Decision Support Systems Reference Systems Baseado no livro Sistemas de Informação de Leite, J.C.S.P. e Leal Ferreira, S.M.B.

37 New World C2G Consumer to Government B2G - Business to Government C2C Consumer to Consumer B2B - Business to Business

38 New Vision (Gathering Data)

39 Old Concerns Amplified Privacy ( Habeas Data ( Security ( Employment Health Control (1984)

40 Possibilities Increase Information Systems Democracy Change Information Systems Practices Committees Ombudsman ( Open Source Open Knowledge (

41 Manager of Technology Training Buying Policies Support Standards Cost Policies Security, Privacy,... Openness for Discussion Secrecy External Dependency Baseado no artigo Gerência de Tecnologia: Aumentadno Competitividade em Sistemas de Informação de Leite, J.C.S.P, Cerqueira, P.M., Castro, R.G.

42 julio cesar sampaio do prado leite Lord of the Rings Technology Manager Social Responsability Manager Information Systems Manager... Baseado no livro Sistemas de Informação: Um Enfoque Gerencial de Bio, S.R.

43 Auditing Traces Redundancy Standards Baseado no livro Sistemas de Informação de Leite, J.C.S.P. e Leal Ferreira, S.M.B.

44 julio cesar sampaio do prado leite Needs: Requirements: Specs: Product: Auditing Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4

45 Basic Information Requirements Value Frequency Volume Comparison Safe Law Compliancy Level of Detail Exception Trustworthy... Baseado no livro Sistemas de Informação de Leite, J.C.S.P. e Leal Ferreira, S.M.B.

46 Transparency

47 Usability (Feedback) Baseado no livro Sistemas de Informação de Leite, J.C.S.P. e Leal Ferreira, S.M.B.

48 WERpapers (

49 C&L

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