Mozambique: A Market Analysis

Transcrição

1 Mozambique: A Market Analysis A report on the size and structure of the development sector in Mozambique, by InterMedia July 2005 Commissioned by:

2 About the Strategic Learning Initiative (SLI) We believe that development and social change are greatly enhanced by the availability, accessibility and use of research and information. The Strategic Learning Initiative (SLI) stimulates learning and develops capacity among information and knowledge intermediaries who share this belief. We do this by facilitating learning and innovation and by sharing critical thinking and examples of best practice. Our areas of expertise are Capacity Development, Research, Marketing and Monitoring and Evaluation. SLI is based in the Information Department at the Institute of Development Studies (IDS), Sussex and supports the IDS Knowledge Services. SLI is funded by the Department for International Development (DFID) through the Mobilising Knowledge for Development (MK4D) programme. About this publication This market analysis is one of a series of reports commissioned in 2005 by the Strategic Learning Initiative to support the marketing activities of the DFID-funded Mobilising Knowledge for Development programme. The reports explore the size and structure of a number of key sectors of interest to information and knowledge intermediaries in development, including government, academia, libraries and the media. The researchers used publically available sources, enabling readers to maintain the accuracy of the findings, including contact details. Reports were commissioned for: Bangladesh, Bolivia, China, Ghana, India, Kenya, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda and Zambia. These reports were reformatted to be published online in 2009 and are available as a free download from: Please send any comments or questions to: Strategic Learning Initiative, Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9RE, UK. sli@ids.ac.uk Copyright 2009 InterMedia Survey Institute; all rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced, displayed, modified or distributed without the express prior written permission of the copyright holder. For more information on InterMedia, contact: Alexander Wooley, Vice President, Communications and Development InterMedia -- "Research bringing the world within reach" 1401 New York Ave., Washington, DC The Strategic Learning Initiative is funded by the Department for International Development through the Mobilising Knowledge for Development (MK4D) programme. The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors, and do not necessarily represent the views of the Institute of Development Studies (IDS) or DFID. The publishers have made every effort to ensure, but do not guarantee, the accuracy of the information within this publication. IDS is a charitable company limited by guarantee and registered in England (No ).

3 INSTITUTE OF DEVELOPMENT STUDIES University of Sussex MOZAMBIQUE: A Market Analysis 5 July 2005

4 CONTENTS Statement of Purpose and General Methodology...2 I. CATEGORY 1: Government Structure, Ministries, Departments and Contact Information...3 II. Market Size Methodology: InterMedia and DDO Breakdowns...7 III. CATEGORY 2: Social Science Research Institutes and Social Science/Development Studies Departments...9 IV. CATEGORY 3: Libraries and Information Centers Covering Social Science or Health Information...13 V. CATEGORY 4: Media Outlets with an Interest in Social Issues...15 VI. CATEGORY 5: National and International NGOs based in the Country, by Sector...19 VII. CATEGORY 6: Donor Organizations and Country Offices...34 Research Manager: Allen Cooper Authors: Roddy Rasti and Gabriel Arrisueño Fajardo InterMedia Survey Institute IDS Market Analysis Mozambique Page 1

5 STATEMENT OF PURPOSE AND GENERAL METHODOLOGY At the request of the Institute of Development Studies at the University of Sussex in Brighton, England, InterMedia Survey Institute has conducted a desk research study with the aim of providing an overall market size and structure for each of the 12 countries specified in the research agreement. This study compiles and presents informational findings from publicly available sources, toward six specific categories of inquiry, as outlined in the preceding table of contents. This includes a full informal documentation of all such sources. Where key information is available but from a non-reproducible source, a direct and/or deep hyperlink has been provided, with the permission of the link s host. Where appropriate, a brief explanation, aimed at guiding the reader toward the source s intended use, may accompany the link. Although research efforts have been exhaustive, the below information is merely a general snapshot of the market as InterMedia s research has best been able to uncover it and, as such, cannot be guaranteed to be entirely comprehensive. InterMedia Survey Institute IDS Market Analysis Mozambique Page 2

6 I. CATEGORY 1: GOVERNMENT STRUCTURE, MINISTRIES, DEPARTMENTS AND CONTACT INFORMATION A. INFORMATION ABOUT MOZAMBIQUE Capital Maputo Administrative Division 10 provinces (Cabo Delgado, Gaza, Inhambane, Manica, Maputo, Nampula, Niassa, Sofala, Tete, and Zambezia) and 1 city: Cidade de Maputo. Branches of Government 3: Legislative, Executive, Judicial Legislative Branch Unicameral Assembly of the Republic or Assembleia da Republica (250 seats; members are directly elected by popular vote on a secret ballot to serve five-year terms) elections: last held 1-2 December 2004 (next to be held December 2009) election results: percent of vote by party - Frelimo 62%, Renamo 29.7%; seats by party - Frelimo 160, Renamo 90 Judicial Branch: The Supreme Court is the court of final appeal. Some of its member are appointed by the president and some by the Assembly of the Republic. Other courts include an Administrative Court, customs courts, maritime courts, courts marshal, labor courts According to the Constitution, it should be a Constitutional Court, but it has never been established. Its functions are performed by the Supreme Court. Government Type Republic Independence 25 June 1975 (from Portugal) Legal System Based on Portuguese civil law system and customary law Suffrage 18 years of age Political pressure groups and leaders: Institute for Peace and Democracy (Instituto para Paz e Democracia) or IPADE [Raul DOMINGOS, president]; Etica [Abdul CARIMO Issa, chairman]; Movement for Peace and Citizenship (Movimento para Paz e Cidadania); Mozambican League of Human Rights (Liga Mocambicana dos Direitos Humanos) or LDH [Alice MABOTE, president]; Human Rights and Development (Direitos Humanos e Desenvolvimento) or DHD [Artemisia FRANCO, secretary general] International organization participation InterMedia Survey Institute IDS Market Analysis Mozambique Page 3

7 ACP, AfDB, AU, C, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO (correspondent), ITU, MIGA, MONUC, NAM, OIC, ONUB, OPCW, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMISET, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO Sources: B. GOVERNMENT STRUCTURE In some cases, the contact information we found varied from one source to the other. In these cases, when it was not possible to retrieve the contact information from the ministry s web site, we have included all addresses and telephone numbers listed in the different sources. (Sources for below chart: and websites of each ministry) POST FILLED BY CONTACT INFO EXECUTIVE CABINET President Prime Minister Ministry of Foreing Affairs and Cooperation Ministry of National Defense Ministry of Interior Ministry of Finance Armando Emílio Guebuza Luisa Dias Diogo Alcinda Abreu Tobias Dai José Pacheco Manuel Chang Av Julius Nyerere,1586 Maputo Telephone: Av 10 Novembro Maputo / Caixa Postal 2787 Maputo Telephone: / / Fax: / minec@zebra.uem.mz (unavailable) Ministry of Development and Planning Ministry of Transportation and Communications Aiuba Cuereneia António Munguambe Rua Martires de Inhaminga,336 Caixa Postal, 276 Maputo Telephone: /5 Fax: InterMedia Survey Institute IDS Market Analysis Mozambique Page 4

8 Ministry of Education and Culture Aires Bonifácio Ali Av Patrice Lumumba,1217 Maputo Telephone: / Fax: mined@mined.gov.mz Ministry of Agriculture Tomás Mandlate Praça dos Heróis Moçambicanos Maputo Caixa Postal 1406 Maputo Telephone: / Fax: / cda@map.gov.mz Ministry of Labor Helena Taipo Av 24 Julho,2351 Maputo / Caixa Postal 258 Maputo Telephone: / Fax: Ministry of Youth David Simango (Unavailable) and Sports Ministry of Health Paulo Ivo Garrido (Centro de Abastecimentos) Av FPLM,1445 Maputo / Caixa Postal 34 Maputo / Caixa Postal 268 Maputo Telephone: / / Fax: Ministry of Women and Social Action Ministry of Tourism Ministry of Coordination of Environmental Action Virgília Matabele Fernando Sumbana Luciano de Castro R Tchamba,86 Maputo / Caixa Postal 516 Maputo Telephone: / Fax: Av. 25 de Setembro 1018; Caixa Postal 4101; Maputo Telephone: / Fax: / turismo@mitur.gov.mz Caixa Postal 2020 Maputo Telephone: Fax: Ministry of State Administration Ministry of Fisheries Ministry of Energy Ministry of Mineral Resources Ministry of Public Works and Housing Lucas Chomera Cadmiel Muthemba Caixa Postal 4116 Maputo Telephone: Fax: R Consiglieri Pedroso,343 Maputo / Caixa Postal 1723 Maputo Telephone: / Fax: ninfor@teledata.co.mz Salvador Namburete Abdul Razac ninfor@teledata.co.mz Noormahomed Felício Zacarias Av Karl Marx 606 Maputo / Caixa Postal 1723 Maputo Telephone: / InterMedia Survey Institute IDS Market Analysis Mozambique Page 5

9 Ministry of Industry and Trade Ministry of the Presidency for Parlamentary Affairs Ministry of the Presidency for Diplomatic Affairs Ministry of Justice Ministry of Science and Technology Ministry of Veteran s Affairs António Fernando Isabel Manuel Nkavadeka Francisco Madeira Esperança Alfredo Machavela Venâncio Massingue Feliciano Salomão Gundana Fax: / Praça 25 de Junho No.300 (2º Andar), Caixa Postal: 654 / 1831 / 2931, Maputo, Moçambique. Telephone: / Fax: / infomic@mic.gov.mz Pctª Heróis Mocuba,130-20º Maputo Telephone: Av. Patrice Lumumba 770, Maputo Telephone:(258) / / Fax: secretariado@mct.gov.mz Av Mártires Machava,307 Maputo / Caixa Postal 3697 Maputo Telephone: / Fax: InterMedia Survey Institute IDS Market Analysis Mozambique Page 6

10 II. MARKET SIZE METHODOLOGY: INTERMEDIA AND DDO BREAKDOWNS As requested, we have provided estimated market size figures for each category of our inquiry (i.e., categories 2 to 6, with category 5 broken down further by sector). We have derived this market size figure by simply taking the sum of all the organizations and institutions we have unearthed in each requested category. We are calling this figure the InterMedia Breakdown. As such, each of the following sections of this report begins with this InterMedia Breakdown, informing at the outset the section s corresponding estimated market size. In addition, we have provided a second market-size breakdown for each country, in its own section preceding the categories 2 through 6. This breakdown, based solely upon categories and entries found within The Directory of Development Organizations (DDO) 2005, will be referred to as the DDO Breakdown. This breakdown is simply a manual count of the number of organizations within each DDO category in each country, as the DDO has organized it. Explored below is a broader description of the DDO and its categories. DDO: A Brief Explanation of Use and Availability The Directory of Development Organizations (DDO) 2005: Volume 1 (available at is among the most comprehensive one-source listings that we have found covering development-related organizations within a particular country. Though non-reproducible, we have permissions to provide hyperlinks to this invaluable resource. These files are accessible to anyone with Adobe Reader and internet access: Download either by Google Searching the below.pdf link, or access it directly from About DDO Though it appears to be a comprehensive development directory, the DDO makes no such claims; it primarily strives to include only those organizations that fit the general criteria of promoting good governance, sustainable development and poverty reduction. As such, their alphabetically-arranged-per-country directory houses current contact information for all such organizations. This includes standard mailing and addresses, telephone/fax numbers, and websites where relevant. DDO Categories and the DDO Breakdown DDO entries are listed by the below categories. To read DDO s own definitions of how these categories are defined and how the classifications are derived, please refer to the InterMedia Survey Institute IDS Market Analysis Mozambique Page 7

11 below information, accessible on and respectively: For each of the regions contacts have been annotated by the following 9 categories: (1) international organizations; (2) government institutions; (3) private sector support organizations (including fairtrade); (4) finance institutions; (5) training and research centres; (6) civil society organizations; (7) development consulting firms (including references to job opportunities and vacancy announcements); (8) information providers (development newsletters/journals); and, (9) grantmakers The following are some examples of the organizations classified in one of the nine categories: (1) international organizations: including for example UN organizations, World Bank, IMF, IADB, AfSB, AsDB; (2) government: ministries, government institutions, planning agencies; (3) private sector support organizations: chambers of commerce and industry, fairtrade organizations, trade promotion organizations for SMEs; (4) finance institutions: central banks, national development banks, commercial banks, credit unions, microfinance institutions, finance houses; (5) training and research organizations: universities, research centres and institutions, training institutes; (6) civil society organizations: development foundations and associations, membership development organizations, microfinance institutions, faith-based development organizations, development programmes and projects; (7) development consulting firms: including job opportunities and vacancy announcements; (8) information providers: development newsletters/journals, development publishers, web resources, databases; (9) grantmakers: fundraising, charity and philanthropic organizations. Thus, we have provided a count of the number of entries within each category for each country i.e., the DDO Breakdown of market size for said-category in said-country. The DDO Breakdown, therefore, looks like this: Civil Society Organization (CSO): 145. This means that DDO lists 145 civil society organizations active and present in the country in question. (The term in parentheses is the term as it appears in the DDO entry.) DDO BREAKDOWN FOR MOZAMBIQUE Below is the DDO Breakdown for market size in Mozambique: 1) International Organizations (International): 43 2) Government Institutions (Government): 28 3) Private Sector Support Organizations (Private sector): 12 4) Finance Institutions (Finance): 20 5) Training & Research (Training and Research): 24 6) Civil Society Organization (CSO): 145 7) Development Consulting Firms (Consulting): 4 8) Information Providers (Information): 3 9) Grantmakers (Grantmakers): 0 For additional information, please refer directly to the DDO. InterMedia Survey Institute IDS Market Analysis Mozambique Page 8

12 III. CATEGORY 2: SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH INSTITUTES AND SOCIAL SCIENCE/DEVELOPMENT STUDIES DEPARTMENTS INTERMEDIA BREAKDOWN Below is the InterMedia Breakdown for social science research institutes and/or social science/development departments, broken down by subject area. Due to hybrid programs, departments, and sub-departments/fields, as well as natural categorical overlap, the below is a very rough estimation and must be regarded as a heuristic guide only: 1) Humanities (Liberal/Performing Arts, History, Literature, Languages, Classical/Cultural Studies, Gender Studies, Anthropology, Psychology, Sociology, Philosophy, Religious Studies, etc.): 4 2) Economics, Business Administration, Management, Accounting, Commerce, Trade: 5 3) Information & Communication Technology, Audio-Visual Arts, Broadcasting, Journalism, Media & Communication Studies: 1 4) Political Science, Public Administration, Government, Policy, Law: 4 5) International Affairs, Conflict Studies, National Security, Peacemaking: 1 6) Public Health, Pharmacology, Nursing, Medicine, Kinesiology: 2 7) Education & Specialized Training, Research & Training Methods, Statistics, Library Sciences: 2 8) Social Welfare, Rural & Urban Development: 4 9) Pure & Applied Biological, Environmental & Earth Sciences, Food & Agricultural Studies: 6 10) Pure & Applied Physical Sciences, Material & Polytechnical Engineering: 7 Note: Methodological Variance Please take note that the total numbers of Mozambique s research institutions may appear particularly large compared to those totals reported for some of the comparable countries covered up to this point. This variance is a result of recent changes and improvements in our classification- and count-methods. Each country s count has thus far been tallied under a slightly different set of categories to match each country s unique research market; often times, past counts have excluded scientific and technical schools altogether. However, because science, technology and development can, and perhaps should, be viewed as inseparable functions, we have recently decided not only to take these previously excluded fields into consideration, but also to tally individual departments and programs, rather than institutions alone, in every category, for greater target specificity. InterMedia Survey Institute IDS Market Analysis Mozambique Page 9

13 MOZAMBIQUE S UNIVERSITIES (Sources: Universidade Eduardo Mondlane Reitoria da Universidade, Praça 25 de Junho, P.O. Box 257 Maputo Mozambique Agronomia Arquitectura Ciências Direito Economia Educação Engenharia Escola Superior de Hotelaria e Turismo de Inhambane Letras e Ciências Sociais Medicina Veternária Instituto Superior Politécnico e Universitário ENDEREÇOS: Av. Paulo Samuel Kankhomba, nº 1170 Av. Samora Machel Quelimane drec@ispu.ac.mz Universidade Católica de Moçambique Addresses Rectory Catholic University of Mozambique Rua Marquês de Soveral, 960 C.P Beira, Moçambique Ph: Fax: ucm.beira@teledata.mz Web: Faculty of Agriculture Universidade Católica de Moçambique Rua Aeroporto C.P Cuamba, Moçambique facuamba@teledata.mz InterMedia Survey Institute IDS Market Analysis Mozambique Page 10

14 Faculty of Economics and Management Universidade Católica de Moçambique Ponta Gêa Rua Marquês de Soveral, 960 C.P Beira, Moçambique Ph: fax: ucm.beira@teledata.mz Faculty of Education Universidade Católica de Moçambique Av. 25 de Setembro C.P Nampula, Moçambique Ph: fax: fdireitoucm@teledata.mz Faculty of Law Universidade Católica de Moçambique Av. 25 de Setembro, 505 C.P Nampula, Moçambique Ph: fax: fdireitoucm@teledata.mz Faculty of Medicine Universidade Católica de Moçambique Palmeiras Rua Marquês de Soveral, 960 CP Beira, Moçambique Ph: fax: ucm.medicina@teledata.mz * Other Research Institutes: Women and Law in Southern Africa Research Trust (WLSA) WLSA Mozambique Gender Unit, Centre For African Studies Universidade Eduardo Mondlane P.O Box 1993, MAPUTO Telephone/Fax wlsamoz@mail.tropical.co.zm CFPAS Centro de Formacao Profissional de Aguas e Saneamento Poderá utilizar os seguintes meios para nos contactar: cfpas@cfpas.co.mz Endereço: Av. do Trabalho 1441 Maputo - Moçambique InterMedia Survey Institute IDS Market Analysis Mozambique Page 11

15 Telefone: ou Fax: Southern African Research and Documentation Centre (SARDC) SARDC Mozambique Rua D. Afonso Henriques 141 Maputo, Mozambique sardc@maputo.sardc.net Areas of Research Environment Gender Governance Human Development Economic Development Eastern and Southern Africa Management Institute (ESAMI) PO Box 2077 Maputo Mozambique See also: DDO, Mozambique, 5. Training and Research (Training and Research): 24 entries for Mozambique: InterMedia Survey Institute IDS Market Analysis Mozambique Page 12

16 IV. CATEGORY 3: LIBRARIES AND INFORMATION CENTERS COVERING SOCIAL SCIENCE OR HEALTH INFORMATION INTERMEDIA BREAKDOWN Four (4) Public Information Centers Found: World Bank Public Information Centre: Mozambique BIQUEEXTN/0,,menuPK:382176~pagePK:141132~piPK: ~theSitePK:382131, 00.html Location 1224, Av. Kenneth Kaunda, Maputo Hours Monday to Friday, 8:30 am to 12:30 pm and 2:00 pm to 5:30 pm Contact Mr. Abel Otacala, tel: /51/61 or Instituto Marques da Valle-Flor The Marquis of Valle Flôr Institute (IMVF) is a Non-Governmental Development Organization (N.G.O.) and Public Utility Institute. Its principal objective is the implementation of Humanitarian Aid Programs, Education Programs and economic, cultural and social cooperation for development programs, as well as the carrying out of scientific studies in various fields. valle.flor@mail.telepac.pt * Mozambique Libraries National Library of Mozambique (depository library) 25 de Setembro Av #1348 CP 141 Maputo Tel: (258 1) Contact: Mr. Emilio Americo Lopes de Araujo, Director Universidade Eduardo Mondlane (depository library) Directorate of the Documentation Services P.O. Box 1169 Avenida Julius Nyerere - Campus Universitario Maputo Tel: (258 1) Fax: (258 1) bibweb@nambu.uem.mz Contact: Policarpo Camilo Matiquite, Director InterMedia Survey Institute IDS Market Analysis Mozambique Page 13

17 Sources: See also: DDO, Mozambique, 8. Information Providers (Information): Three (3) entries for Mozambique: InterMedia Survey Institute IDS Market Analysis Mozambique Page 14

18 V. CATEGORY 4: MEDIA OUTLETS WITH AN INTEREST IN SOCIAL ISSUES INTERMEDIA BREAKDOWN Radio: AM: 13 FM: 17 SW: 11 (2001) TV: 1 (2001) Press/Newspaper: 7 (Sources guiding the above: Media Overview (BBC) (Below list generated from contact info accessed via hyperlinks.) State-run Radio Mozambique is the main source of news and information for many Mozambicans. Private or commercial radio stations operate in most urban areas. Printed publications have little influence in rural areas because of high levels of illiteracy. Portuguese state TV s African service, RTP Africa, is available in the parts of the country that can receive the domestic state-run TV. BBC World Service is available on FM in Maputo, Beira, Xai Xai, Nampula and Quelimane. Some 40 community radio and TV stations operate with funding from the government and UNESCO. The constitution protects media freedom, but criminal libel laws are a deterrent to total freedom of expression. The opposition says it still receives inadequate coverage in the state media. The press Noticias - main daily, has government shareholding Diario de Mocambique - private, daily Demos - private, weekly Zambeze - private, weekly Domingo - private, weekly Savana - private, weekly Fim de Semana - private, weekly fimdomes@tvcabo.co.mz Television Televisao de Mozambique (TVM) - state-run Administração tvm@tvm.co.mz Direcção Comercial e de Marketing dcm@tvm.co.mz Direcção de Informação anguilaze@tvm.co.mz Redacção redaccao@tvm.co.mz InterMedia Survey Institute IDS Market Analysis Mozambique Page 15

19 Direcção de Programas Direcção de Produção Direcção Técnica Direcção de Recursos Humanos Direcção Financeira Serviços de Contabilidade Serviços de Informática Radio-Televisao Klint (RTK) - privately-run Radio Radio Mozambique - state-run, operates national Antena Nacional network and provincial and local channels in Portuguese, English and many indigenous languages Radio Moçambique - EP Rua da Rádio n.º 2 Maputo - Moçambique Caixa Postal 2000 Telefone /88 Fax Radio Cidade - state-run, youth-oriented FM network Radio Terra Verde - linked to main opposition group Renamo Radio-Televisao Klint (RTK) - privately-run Radio Maria Mozambique - Roman Catholic News agency Agencia Informacao Mocambique (AIM) - English-language pages mozambique-news@geo2.poptel.org.uk * Source for the below information: with contact information obtained via listed hyperlinks. Many of these sites lack English translation. BROADCASTING News Agencies Mozambique News Agency TELEVISION National Television Networks RTK - Radiotelevis o Klint Independant television network. TVM - Televisao de Moçambique Government owned, broadcasting in 5 cities: Maputo, Beira, Quelimane, Pemba, Nampula. Local Television Networks Greenland Television InterMedia Survey Institute IDS Market Analysis Mozambique Page 16

20 RADIO Broadcasting in Maputo. National Radio Networks Radio Moçambique Government owned; radio services: one national (Portuguese), 9 provincial (local lang.), 1 FM station (R.Cidade), and 1 external service to southern Africa. RTK - Radiotelevis o Klint Independant radio network. Radio Stations on the Web Mozambique: Listing of Radio Stations On The Web FM RADIO 95.5 BBC World Service Maputo news/info-english Radio Encontro Nampula Radio Maria Mozambique Catholic- Portuguese/local RFI 1 Afrique/RFI 2 Maputo Fr/Port., 24h. PRESS OUTLETS ONLINE Media Type IN-Internet NP-Newspaper PA-Press Agency Media Focus GI-General Interest Language ARA-Arabic ENG-English FRA-French POR-Portuguese Maputo Maputo Maputo Maputo Maputo Maputo Maputo Foreign Foreign Foreign Foreign Foreign Foreign Foreign Foreign Foreign Foreign Mozambique Newspapers and News Media - National Local and Foreign Agencia Informacao Mocambique Agencia Informacao Mocambique Fim de Semana Mocambique On-line Mozambique Inview Notmoc Savana Africast Afrik Afrol All Africa All Africa EIN News Inside Mozambique IRIN Moreover Mozambique News URL unavailable URL unavailable URL unavailable PA PA NP IN NP IN NP IN IN IN IN IN IN IN IN IN IN GI GI GI GI GI GI GI GI GI GI GI GI GI GI GI GI GI ENG POR POR POR ENG POR POR ENG FRA ENG ENG FRA ENG ENG ENG ENG ENG InterMedia Survey Institute IDS Market Analysis Mozambique Page 17

21 Foreign Foreign Foreign Foreign Foreign Foreign Foreign Foreign Noticias Lusofonas One World Pan African News Agency Pan African News Agency Pan African News Agency Pan African News Agency Topix Washington Post IN Gi IN GI PA GI PA GI PA GI PA GI IN GI NP GI POR ENG ARA ENG FRA POR ENG ENG InterMedia Survey Institute IDS Market Analysis Mozambique Page 18