International Conference. on Bioenergy in Segundo Russia BIOENERGY-2012

Transcrição

1 Título do Mestre Clique para editar os estilos do texto International Conference mestre on Bioenergy in Segundo Russia nível Terceiro nível BIOENERGY-2012 Quarto nível Quinto nível National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute International Low-Carbon Energy Technology Platform (IEA Technology Platform) June

2 Título do Mestre Clique para editar os estilos do texto Global and regional market mestre and policy perspectives Segundo for nível Bioenergy Brazil Terceiro nível Quarto nível Quinto nível Arnaldo Walter University of Campinas and Sustainability Research Program of CTBE Brazilian Bioethanol Science and Technology Lab.

3 Título do Contents Mestre ü The energy matrix in Brazil; the importance of biomass. biodiesel and wood. Bioethanol Science and Technology Quarto Lab.). nível ü Current and predicted figures (2020): ethanol, ü An example on R&D: CTBE (Brazilian ü Conclusions.

4 Título do Mestre Primary Energy Supply in Brazil ü 47.5% as renewable energy sources / sugarcane products 19.3% (~45% ethanol/~55% bagasse) // wood 10.3% (partially modern biomass use) Source: EPE (2011)

5 Título Ethanol do in Brazil Mestre ü Large-scale ethanol production as fuel since 1975 (hydrated and anhydrous). ü Production estimated as about 28 BL in 2010 (~70% hydrated ethanol) ü Consumption in the transport sector in 2010 estimated as 23.3 BL (roughly equivalent to the consumption of pure gasoline, volume basis). Source: EPE (2010); MAPA (2011); ANP (2011)

6 Diversification of the production Título do Mestre ü Electricity production from Clique para editar os sugarcane estilos residues do is texto about 4.5% of the total electricity equivalent to the selfconsumption, Segundo but could nível be much larger (3-4 times). ü Other Terceiro uses of ethanol nível are less than 10% of the total production. Quinto However, nível some production. Surplus electricity is increasing, but still represents new mills aim at the production (exclusively) of plastics and chemicals (ethylene, and polyethylene). Source: MME-EPE (2010)

7 Título do Mestre Predicted growth of ethanol production Source: EPE (2011)

8 Título Biodiesel do Mestre ü Biodiesel production started in Clique para editar os March estilos do texto ü B5 blends have been mandatory since January 2010 (it was originally Segundo scheduled for nível 2013). ü The production in 2010 was 2.4 BL, large Terceiro enough to fulfil nível the targets. on soy oil Quinto (~85%) (~10% nível is Source: ANP (2011) ü The bulk of the production is based produced from animal fats and 5% from other feedstocks). ü There is no aim on exporting biodiesel, at least in short term.

9 Predicted biodiesel production in 2019 Título do Mestre Source: EPE (2011)

10 Título do Mestre Others 0.1% Planted Forests : 6,5 Mha Others Quarto 2% Firewood nível 26% 36% Source:Neves (2012) Pöyry Eucalyptus 74.7% Forest Planted Area Pine 25.2% Pulp and Paper Eucalyptus Pinus ABRAF , ,362 Planted Area (thousand ha) Charcoal 10% Wood Industry 19% Reconstituted Panels 7% Industrial Wood ConsumpDon 170 Mm³

11 Eucalyptus demand by sector (Mm³) Brazilian Forest Based Industries Eucalyptus Demand Forecast Título do Mestre Pellets Charcoal Firewood Fiber board Solid Pulp and Volume demand (Mm³) Area demand (ha) Products 90 Paper Source:Neves (2012) Pöyry Current Demand Future Demand Current Poten?al Supply Deficit

12 Título do Mestre ConvenDonal Forestry Energy Oriented Terceiro Short RotaDon nível Forestry Special Clone Regular Clone Regular spacing between trees (3x3 m) Forest Yield~ 45 (m³/ha/year) Harvest in 7 years Low Lignin content (regular calorific value) Can be used to make pulp or generate energy. Short Rotation Wood Crops Fundamentals Short spacing between trees (high forest density; 3 x 0,5 m up to 1 m) Forest Yield ~ 70 (m³/ha/year) Harvest in 2 3 years High Lignin content (high calorific value) Cannot be used to produce pulp. Source:Neves (2012); Pöyry

13 Charcoal Industry Pig Iron Industrial Clusters Título do Mestre From 2000 to 2008 the charcoal consumption mdc¹ From Terceiro 2009 to 2010 nível the charcoal consumption global Quinto economy nível crisis growth had been 3,5% per year. From 25 to 33 million decreased 35% due to the Source:Neves (2012) Pöyry In 2011 Brazil produced around 27 million mdc¹ of charcoal (69% from planted forests)

14 Wood Pellet Market Título do Mestre,2 Korea Although the largest pellet production capacities are forecast to remain in Europe, the strong competition for raw material in this continent will drive an increasingly demand by imports from regions with a biomass surplus. 25,0 23,8 Western 20,0 Europe 16,4 2,2 2,8 3,3 11,0 0,4 0,6 0,8 Russia 15,0 13,0 8,5 Japan & Eastern Korea 3,4 4,3 5,6 10,7 10,8 Eastern 25,0 Europe 0,6 1,4 1,6 10,0 7,7 0,0 0,1 0,1 Europe North 20,0 5, America Terceiro 0,1 0,4nível ,1 0,2 15,0 China 0,0 10,0 10,0 Japan 2020 and Korea 10, ,0 3,0 3, ,6 Quinto 0,6 25,0 nível ,9 ProducDon ,8 5, ConsumpDon ,1 4,0 7,0 South America 0,1 0,1 0,2 Source:Neves (2012); Pöyry 0,0 China 20,0 Oceania 0,2 0,4 0,8 0,0 0,1 0,1 Global Pellet Produc?on and Consump?on 2010, 2015 and ,0 10,0 5,0 0,0 Oceania 3,8 5,

15 Título do Mestre Brazilian Main Players Source:Neves (2012); Pöyry

16 Título Main Players do Mestre Major Pellet Producers Present and Projected The pellet supply structure can change significantly in the next five years.. Clique Pellet Produc?on para Capacity editar by 2015 os Investment estilos Inten?on Projects do Announced texto Suzano Energia Renovável Intrinergy German Pellets JCE Group Magnolia Biopower VAPO Vyborgskaya Cellulose Graanul Invest Plantation Energy Australia Lantmännen Agroenergi Pacific Bioenergy 2009 Planned Source:Neves (2012); Pöyry 1,000 metric tonnes

17 Título do Mestre Numbers. Federal investment ( ): Euro 35 million. Built area: 8, m 2. Predicted research team in 2013: A National Lab on Bioethanol

18 Yields, efficiency and costs sugarcane Título industry do Mestre in Brazil Sugarcane yield (ton/ha) Ethanol yield (L/ton of sugarcane) Ethanol yield (L/ha) Sugarcane cost Ethanol cost Sugar yield (kg/ton of sugarcane) Clique Sugar yield (kg/ha) para editar Sugarcane yield (ton/ha) os estilos Ethanol yield (L/ton do of sugarcane) texto Ethanol yield (L/ha) Sugarcane cost Ethanol cost Sugar yield (kg/ton of sugarcane) Sugar yield (kg/ha) 150% 135% 125% 100% 66% 50% 42% Quarto 36% nível 0% -50% -69% -100% Year

19 Basic science Título do Mestre Research Programs Sustainability Clique Industry para editar os estilos do texto Agriculture Technology assessment

20 Pilot Plant for Process Development Título do Mestre Development of ethanol production process through hydrolysis Segundo (ethanol nível production from sugarcane could be 40% higher). Facilities will be operated Quarto as a National nível Laboratory, and companies Quinto could nível be in there. Research Programs Scaling-up and integration of industrial process. Bottlenecks should be identified and solutions developed.

21 Low-impact mechanization Título do Mestre Mid-term focus on the use of mestre no-tillage soil protection. to 13%. technology, with cost reduction and better The machine under construction will allow reduction of the area compacted, from 60% Field tests will be performed with the support of EMBRAPA Research Programs Estimated cost is about 7.5 million Euro. Financial support from BNDES and partnership with JACTO.

22 Basic Science Título do Mestre Research agenda goes from and sugarcane trash. Terceiro nível Besides its own research Quarto program, nível the team gives support all other CTBE s photosynthesis to celluloses conversion to sugars, with focus on sugarcane bagasse research programs. Research Programs

23 Technological assessment Título do Mestre Research Programs Virtual Biorefinery A tool for: Impact assessment of the new technologies of the Terceiro sugarcane production nível cycle. Optimization and processes integration to the existing facilities. Assessment with focus on priorities definition and investment planning Sugarcane biomass is a very efficient carbon source!

24 First Generation Industrial Unit Título do Mestre Bioethanol GI Juice (sucrose) Yeast stalks Sugarcane Others Energy Quinto the plant nível Trash Bagasse Sugar (thermal and electric) Energy source (liquid fuel) Polymers Burn before harvesting Field Bioelectricity (to the grid) Cattle feed

25 Título do Mestre Clique para editar os Furane estilos Chemistry do texto Xilose - Xilytol Pentoses Energy (biogas) Pretreatment Bioelectricity (to the grid) Trash Bagasse Lignin cellulose slurry Bioethanol GII Hexoses Second Generation Industrial Unit Energy to the plant (thermal and electric) Bioethanol GII Sugar Chemistry Energy Hydrolysis Lignin Lignin Chemistry Phenolic route

26 Impacts on biodiversity Sustainability Research Título do Mestre Program

27 Título do Mestre Sustainability Research Program

28 Título do Mestre Sustainability Research Program Short-term goal: the aim is evaluating the sustainability of bioethanol production from sugarcane, considering current technology and all changes that can be implemented in the years to come. production from a sustainability point of Quarto view, taking nível into account all science and technology innovations that Mid-term goal: the aim is on evaluating the bioethanol shall be incorporated to the production chain.

29 Concluding remarks Título do Mestre The importance of biomass in Brazil. The large potential in the sugarcane and forest industries. Required actions for fostering the potential: science and technology and policies and regulation.

30 Título do Mestre To be in touch