Input de dados a partir de formulários HTML

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Paula Gesser Bastos
8 Há anos
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1 Input de dados a partir de formulários HTML Entrada (input) de dados do utilizador é feito através de uma <form>: <html> <head> <title>tabuada</title> </head> <body> <p>tabuada dos:</p> <form action="tabuada.php" method="get"> <input type="text" value="" name="n" size="10"> <input type="submit" value="enviar"> </form> </body> </html> ADI PHP & forms 1/14

<p>tabuada dos:</p> <form action="tabuada.

2 snapshot ADI PHP & forms 2/14

3 snapshot protocolo HTTP método GET GET /~figo/tabuada/tabuada.php?n=9 HTTP/1.1 Host: User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux i686; en-us; rv: ) Gecko/ Firefox/ Accept: text/xml,application/xml,application/xhtml+xml,text/html;q=0.9,tex t/plain;q=0.8,image/png,*/*;q=0.5 Accept-Language: en-us,en;q=0.5 Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate Accept-Charset: ISO ,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7 Keep-Alive: 300 Connection: keep-alive Referer: ADI PHP & forms 3/14

9,tex t/plain;q=0.8,image/png,*/*;q=0.5 Accept-Language: en-us,en;q=0.

4 Método POST <html> <head> <title>web Banking</title> </head> <body> <h1>web Banking</h1> Welcome to our Web banking page! No, you can't make deposits or get cash... but you can get balances, make transfers, and list the most recent transactions on your account. <pre> <form action="banking.php" method="post"> <input type=hidden name="secret_code" value="2205"> Account Number: <input type="text" name="acct"> PIN: <input type="password" name="pin" size="8"> Transaction: <select name="transaction"> ADI PHP & forms 4/14

.. but you can get balances, make transfers, and list the most recent transactions on your account. <pre> <form action="banking.

5 <option selected value="account balances">account balances</option> <option value="transfers">transfers</option> <option value="show recent transactions">show recent transactions</option> <option value="stop payment on a check">stop payment on a check</option> </select> <input type="radio" name="verify_by_mail" value="yes">mail me a written verification</option> <input type="radio" name="verify_by_mail" value="no">do not mail me a written verification</option> Mail me some information on: <input type="checkbox" name="info" value="cds">certificates of deposit <input type="checkbox" name="info" value="mortgages">home mortgages interest rates <input type="checkbox" name="info" value="autoloans">auto loan interest rates Tell us what you think about our web services: <textarea rows=5 cols=60 name="comments"> </textarea> ADI PHP & forms 5/14

name="verify_by_mail" value="no">do not mail me a written verification</option> Mail me some information on: <input type="checkbox" name="info" value="cds">certificates of deposit <input

6 <input type="submit" value="submit Query"> <input type="reset" value="clear All"> </form> </pre> </body> </html> ADI PHP & forms 6/14

7 ADI snapshot

8 snapshot protocolo HTTP método POST POST banking.php HTTP/1.1 Host: User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux i686; en-us; rv: ) Gecko/ Firefox/ Accept: text/xml,application/xml,application/xhtml+xml,text/html;q=0.9,tex t/plain;q=0.8,image/png,*/*;q=0.5 Accept-Language: en-us,en;q=0.5 Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate Accept-Charset: ISO ,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7 Keep-Alive: 300 Connection: keep-alive Referer: Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded Content-Length: 173 secret_code=2205&acct= &pin=1234&transaction=account+balanc es&verify_by_mail=yes&info=cds&info=autoloans&comments=what+use+is +this+without+withdrawals+and+deposits%21 ADI PHP & forms 8/14

7 Keep-Alive: 300 Connection: keep-alive Referer: http://www.deei.fct.ualg.pt/adi/forms/form.

9 Passagem de dados para PHP PHP recebe os dados de uma form através de 2 arrays o Método GET: array $_GET o Método POST: array $_POST Estes arrays são associativos ADI PHP & forms 9/14

10 Exemplo: tabuada.php <html> <head> <title>tabuada</title> </head> <body> <?php $n = $_GET["n"]; printf("<h1>tabuada dos %d</h1>\n", $n); printf("<pre>\n"); for($i=1; $i<=10; $i++) printf("%d x %d = %d \n", $n, $i, $n*$i ); printf("</pre>\n");?> </body> </html> Ver um exemplo mais sofisticado em /ADI/displayTable_mysql/filmes6.php ADI PHP & forms 10/14

$for($i=1; $i<=10; $i++) printf("%d x %d = %d \n", $n, $i, $n*$i ); printf("</pre>\n");?$

11 Problema com as tags checkbox e select multiple Exemplo: <form action= click.php method= GET > <select multiple name= choice > <option value= a >a</option> <option value= b >b</option> </select>.. </form> URL enviado: PROBLEMA: $_GET[ choice ] só tem o ultimo valor SOLUÇÃO: <select multiple name= choice[] > Agora $_GET[ choice ][0]=a e $_GET[ choice ][1]=b ADI PHP & forms 11/14

>b</option> </select>.. </form> URL enviado: http://localhost/click.php?

12 Envio de dados em links embebidos ou como se faz uma form barata <html> <head> <title>teste de PHP com base de dados</title> </head> <body> <p> Filmes produzidos por: </p> <ul> <li>estudio <a href="filmesporestudio.php?estudio=disney&ano=todos">disney</a > <li>estudio <a href="filmesporestudio.php?estudio=warner+brothers&ano=todos ">Warner Brothers</a> </ul> </body> </html> ADI PHP & forms 12/14

13 Mais variáveis a que o PHP tem acesso Variáveis de ambiente em $_ENV Variáveis da sessão em $_SESSION Variáveis do servidor em $_SERVER Cookies em $_COOKIE ADI PHP & forms 13/14

14 One-component query Acção devolve a página web inicial Exemplo: adicionar um item a um shopping basket Código: <?php //processar $_GET[ input ] ou $_POST[ input ] aqui header( Location: {$_SERVER[ HTTP_REFERER ]} );?> ADI PHP & forms 14/14

$header( Location: {$_SERVER[ HTTP_REFERER ]} );?$

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