Society Changing Needs in Advanced Materials

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1 Society Changing Needs in Advanced Materials Evando Mirra de Paula e Silva UFMG - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais CGEE Rio de Janeiro, 26/07/2010

2 Available materials set a limit to the techniques of any age J. D. Bernal Science in History (1954) The Emergence of Science; The Scientific and Industrial Revolutions; The Natural Sciences in Our Time; The Social Sciences: Conclusions Slide 2

Science; The Scientific and Industrial Revolutions; The

3 Melvin Kranzberg & Cyril Stanley Smith, Materials in History and Society, Materials Science and Engineering (1979). purposive creation André Portnoff L Hyperchoix des Matériaux. Sciences et Techniques "...the classical model of materials application has been inverted. We once sought applications for materials. We now have applications driving the creation of materials. We now design materials for what we need." Frank Press. Met Trans Slide 3

..the classical model of materials application has been inverted. We once sought applications for materials.

4 [ World market of about 73 million vehicles, that is to say at least 80 million tons of materials ] Slide 4

5 Gérard Maeder Former V.P. of Renault Materials Engineering Department Slide 5

6 To cope with Slide 6

7 Recycling of Materials Slide 7

8 Structural materials mass distribution on the Boeing 747 and 777 Slide 8

9 Slide 9

10 Demands from environment Slide 10

11 interdependent and mutually reinforcing pillars of sustainable development as economic development, social development, and environmental protection World Summit Outcome Document Slide 11

12 New possibilities Naturally colored cotton Fotos: Arquivo Natural Fashion Slide 12

13 Embrapa scientists produced naturally colored cotton inducing changes in the genetic material of cotton seeds Plant breeding program: improving the fiber quality increasing the color spectrum. Fotos: Arquivo Embrapa Algodão Slide 13

Plant breeding program: improving the fiber quality

14 No need of dying Feels softer to the skin No allergies or respiratory problems Reduces consumption of water and energy Reduces effluents to be treated Reduces cost Slide 14

15 CoopNatural: Cooperative of cooperatives of small producers of colored cotton 10 Cooperatives of artisans 26 Outsourcing providers 11 Service cooperatives Independent artisans 30 Franchises in Brazil Sell to USA, France, Italy, Germany, Japan, Spain Great success at International Fairs Slide 15

cooperatives Independent artisans 30 Franchises in Brazil Sell to USA,

16 Coconut fibers now adorn the interior of a Mercedes: it is processed into seats, headrests and sun visors for Mercedes' Brazilmade A-Class and commercial trucks. Slide 16

17 Production of auto parts from coconut fibers is a result of a partnership between Daimler- Chrysler (DCX) and POEMA (Poverty and Environment in Amazonia), of the Federal University of Pará, a research and development program to protect the rain forest and combat poverty in the Amazon basin. POEMA factory takes 45 tons of coconut fiber and 35 tons of natural latex per month to transform them into 80 tons of finished products: seats, seatbacks, headrests, sun visors and side noise absorbers for cars, trucks and buses made by DCX. Slide 17

18 meet environmental and social challenges and create wealth, via the development and implementation of new or improved materials, processes and products more effective use of existing structural and functional materials (e.g. natural fibers) and processes (e.g. better design). development of new materials (e.g. composite, multifunctional, smart, nanostructured) and processes (e.g. near-net shape, surface engineering), including materials & products with lower embodied energy and from renewable feedstocks. improved processes for the recovery and reuse of materials, especially for high value applications. Slide 18

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