Gerenciamento de Pacote (Package Management) Prof. Claudio Silva

Transcrição

1 Gerenciamento de Pacote (Package Management)

2 About yum Front-end to rpm Designed to resolve package dependencies Can locate packages across multiple repositories Replacement for up2date

3 yum: Installation and Removal yum install package... yum localinstall rpmfile... yum groupinstall packagegroup... yum remove package... yum update [package...].rpmnew versus.rpmsave

4 yum: Queries Searching packages yum search searchterm yum list (all available extras installed recent updates [package_glob]) yum info packagename Searching files yum whatprovides filename

5 Configuring Additional Repositories Create a file in /etc/yum.repos.d/ for your repository, name ending in.repo, containing: [repo-name] name=a nice description baseurl= enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 Repository information is cached. To clear the cache: yum clean dbcache all

6 RPM Package Manager Under the hood of yum and RHN RPM Components Local database rpm and related executables or frontends Package files Primary Functions Install/Remove Query Verify

7 rpm: Installation and Removal Primary RPM options: Install: rpm -i, --install Upgrade: rpm -F, --freshen Upgrade or Install: rpm -U, --upgrade Removal: rpm -e, --erase Output options: -v, -h Many other install-options are available to address special cases: --replacepkgs, -- oldpackage, etc. URL support: ftp:// (with globbing),

8 rpm: Queries Four basic types of queries: rpm -qa rpm -q package_name rpm -qf path_name rpm -qp package_file_path_name Types of information to query: -i general information about package -l list of files in package Many others

9 rpm: Verification Installed package file verification: rpm -V <package_name> rpm -Vp <package_file>.i386.rpm rpm -Va Signature verification BEFORE package install: rpm --import RPM-GPG-KEY-redhatrelease rpm -K <package_file>.i386.rpm

10 Updating a Kernel RPM Make sure to install kernel updates yum handles this transparently with either update or install Do not use rpm -U or rpm -F! Use rpm -i! Updating a kernel yum update kernel Boot new kernel to test Revert to old kernel if a problem arises yum remove kernel-oldversion if no problems

11 SERVIDOR DE REPOSITÓRIO DE PACOTES

12 SERVIDOR DE REPOSITÓRIO DE PACOTES

13 SERVIDOR DE REPOSITÓRIO DE PACOTES 1. Instalar os pacotes: FTP; Createrepor. 2. Copiar os pacotes (*.rpm) do DVD de instalação para o servidor; 2. Criar o arquivo /etc/yum.repos.d/repositorios.repo.

14 SERVIDOR DE REPOSITÓRIO DE PACOTES Passo 1: Instalação do Servidor Linux RHEL 5 Passo 2: Localizar e copiar os arquivos relacionados abaixo no DVD ou nos CD s 2/5 e 4/5 para a pasta /root/ cd /media/rhel-5\ i386\ Disc\ 4/Server/ ls -la *crea*.rpm cp createrepo fc6.noarch.rpm /root/ cd /media/rhel-5\ i386\ Disc\ 2/Server/ ls -la *ftp*.rpm cp -p vsftpd el5.i386.rpm /root/

15 SERVIDOR DE REPOSITÓRIO DE PACOTES Passo 3: Instalar o pacote vsftpd el5.i386.rpm rpm -ivh vsftpd el5.i386.rpm Passo 4: Ativar o serviço de ftp chkconfig - -level 5 vsftpd on chkconfig - -list service vsftpd start

16 SERVIDOR DE REPOSITÓRIO DE PACOTES Passo 5: Copiar os cd s de instalação para a pasta /var/ftp/pub/ cp -a /media/rhel-5\ i386\ Disc\ 1/. /var/ftp/pub/ cp -a /media/rhel-5\ i386\ Disc\ 2/. /var/ftp/pub/ cp -a /media/rhel-5\ i386\ Disc\ 3/. /var/ftp/pub/ cp -a /media/rhel-5\ i386\ Disc\ 4/. /var/ftp/pub/ cp -a /media/rhel-5\ i386\ Disc\ 5/. /var/ftp/pub/ Passo 6: Mudar o contexto de segurança com o comando chcon (se SELINUX ativo) chcon -h -R -t public_content_t /var/ftp/pub

17 SERVIDOR DE REPOSITÓRIO DE PACOTES Passo 7: Verificar as configurações do serviço ftp vi /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf Conferir as opções: anonymous_enable=yes local_enable=yes Passo 8: Instalar o pacote responsável para criação do repositório cd /root/ rpm -ivh createrepo fc6.noarch.rpm Passo 9: Aplicar o comando na pasta onde se encontra os pacotes RPM s createrepo -v /var/ftp/pub/server/

18 SERVIDOR DE REPOSITÓRIO DE PACOTES Passo 10: Criar o arquivo de configuração do repositório cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ cp -p rhel-debuginfo.repo repositorio.repo vi repositorio.repo [repositorio_novo] name=red Hat Enterprise Linux $releasever - $basearch - Debug baseurl=ftp://localhost/pub/server/ enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/rpm-gpg-key-redhat-release Passo 11: Testar o repositório yum clean dbcache yum list *telnet* yum install telnet-server