Climate Change - Coal Overview

Transcrição

1 Fernando Luiz Zancan Associação Brasileira do Carvão Mineral - ABCM Climate Change - Coal Overview Salvador - 10 September 2008

2 BRAZILIAN COAL INDUSTRY Resources: 31,7 billion ton (90% RS) Production - ROM (2007): 12,1 million ton; 60 % SC Saleable Coal 6,0 million ton - 51 % RS Companies: 15 PR (1) SC (11) RS (3) Number of Employees (2007): Market Share (2007): 81,67 % Power Generation Revenues (2007): R$ 617 million

3 Sedimentary Basins in Brazil Incomplete geologic survey

4 BRAZILIAN COAL RESOURCES UF Jazida Recursos (10 6 t) % Paraná Cambuí 44 0,14 Sapopema 45 0, ,28 Santa Catarina Barro Branco ,29 Bonito ,04 Pré-Bonito 414 1, ,64 Cambuí Sapopema Rio Grande do Sul Candiota ,67 Leão ,68 Charqueadas ,43 Iruí/Capané ,47 Murungava ,86 Santa Terezinha/Torres , ,08 PR RS SC Barro Branco Bonito Pré-Bonito Total (PR, SC e RS) ,00 Santa Terezinha Source: Informative of Coal Industry DNPM / 2000 Mining Areas Candiota Leão Iruí / Capané Charqueadas Murungava

5 Candiota Mine - CRM

6 MINING RECLAMATION Copelmi Mineração

7 Underground Mining - SC

8 BRAZILIAN ENERGY MATRIX Wood and Biomass 13,1% Sugar Cane 13,9% Other renewable 2,7% % World Brazil Uranium 1,2% Coal 6,4% Renewable OCDE ,1% Non Renewable Natural Gas 9,3% Oil 38,4% Fonte: MME

9 BRAZILIAN ELECTRIC POWER MATRIX World: 2003 Hydro 16,3% Other Renewables 1,1% Coal 39,9% Brazil: 2005 Nuclear 15,7% Biomass 0,8% Natural Gas 19,3% Oil 6,9% Biomass 3,9% Natural Gas 4,1% Coal : 1,6 % Oil 2,8% Nuclear 2,2% ,3 82,2 Non Renewable ,7 17,8 Renewable Hydro 85,4% 0 Brasil (2005) Mundo (2003) Source : MME

10 Energy Consumption Energy Grow ,9% ao ano ,3% ao ano ( ) A B1 B2 C 4,3% 3,7% 3,1% 2,5% Cenário A Cenário B1 Cenário B2 million toe 474,5 2,87 X 402,8 356,5 309,3 1,87 X 200, Cenário C ,1 165,0 (2005) Source : MME

11 Energy Offer (%) MATRIZ DE OFERTA DE ENERGIA (%) 100% 2,9 13,8 9,1 OUTRAS RENOVÁVEIS (4,3 H-BIO&BIODIESEL) 80% 13,0 18,5 5,5 PRODUTOS DA CANA LENHA&C.VEGETAL 60% 40% 1,2 14,8 13,5 6,3 3,0 9,4 6,9 15,5 HIDRÁULICA NUCLEAR CARVÃO MINERAL Coal GÁS NATURAL 20% 38,7 28,0 PETRÓLEO 0% milhões tep e 44,5% renováveis 557 milhões tep e 46,6% renováveis Source :MME

12 ELETRIC MATRIX 100% 2,3% 2,3% 1,5% Derivados do Petróleo 95% 90% 85% 0,0% 0,1% 80% 75% 70% Source: MME 9,9% 10,1% 1,6% 1,9% 2,7% 2,3% 2,6% 3,3% 1,1% 1,3% 4,1% 83,9% 101 mil 84,0 % 80,8% 143 mil 83,2 % 9,3% 2,9% 76,1% Gás Natural Carvão Carvão = 3,69 X Nuclear Eólica e Outros Biomassa Hidráulica 221 mil Total (MW): 83,1 % Renewable energy:

13 Growth of Capacity HydroPower X Water Storage (reservoir) Potência Hidráulica Instalada 300 Capacidade de Armazenamento (Usinas Representando 75%do Armazenamento Total) [MW] Armazenamento em [GWmês] Shows more thermal power generation operating in base load Source: ONS, ANEEL

14 Fertilisers Amonium Sulfate toneladas Sulfato de Amônia - Produção Doméstica e Importação Consumption 2007: 3 million ton Production 10 % Importada Doméstica USITESC = a tpy

15 USITESC 440 MW Metropolitana Carvão- ROM Água ENERGIA Amônia Criciúma Carvão-ROM Produção de rejeitos Rejeitos Existentes Calcário Termelétrica USITESC Cinzas Uso Industrial Produção de Fertilizante Uso Agricultura Sulfato de Amonia (Fertilizante) Distribuição Fertilizante Recuperação ambiental 15 Disposição

16 New Technologies Coal to liquids (CTL) and fertilisers + CCS CBM methane and ECBM UCG- In Situ Gasification + CCS Source: LLNL/USA CONSOL/Pensilvania/US

17 Brazilian Coal Power Projects Associação Brasileira do Carvão Mineral PARANÁ Figueira (repotenciação) 127 MW (CFBC) SANTA CATARINA USITESC 440 MW (CFBC) RIO GRANDE DO SUL Candiota III (CGTEE) 350 MW (PC) Jacuí 357 MW (PC) Seival 500 MW (PC) CTSUL 650 MW (PC) Seival I (Uruguai) (Tractebel) 340 MW (PC) Seival II (MPX) 600 MW ( PC) MW Imported Coal : MW (PC)

18 CONSIDERATIONS Energy for developing countries, like Brazil, must be affordable, environmental friendly and available to all. (9,0 million people is without energy and 75 million with energy subsidized) The World must figure out a way to permit growth in developing nations while restricting emissions in the world. The world must understand that pollution has no frontiers and misery still is the worst environmental problem.

19 Important Issues to Consider Associação Brasileira do Carvão Mineral It s necessary to create a global alliance and establish new trade models, development and technological financial assistance for the developing countries to apply CCTs and CCS deployment. Create a Financing Vehicle - Carbon Fund under the UN Convention UNFCCC to pay marginal costs. Others specific financial instruments: green funds; loan guarantees or direct loans, extended payment periods, tax exemptions and/or credits; direct subsidies for construction and/or production; export credit insurance; improvement of political and credit risks. Above all, predictable and non-discriminatory energy policies. Establish partnerships and create financial assistance to promote R&D&D and Human Resources in developing countries. No CO 2 taxes in developing countries fossil fuels until the technology for CCS is cost effected and can be in a commercial scale.

20 We need: The Brazilian Coal Industry View to develop and adapt technologies CCTs and CCS suitable for local conditions. It needs international help. Capacity building, Clean Coal Research Center and networks for R,D&D The fossil Industry is doing its voluntary contribution and looking ahead with actions: - Coal and Oil network to develop technology for Carbon Capture and Storage is being started. - To increase public perception on CCS in Brazil - International and Brazilian Conferences on CCS and Climate Change - R&D Centers creation for : CCTs and CO 2 storage

21 Key Strategic Technologies CO Emissõe CO2 2 Emissions Série1 Série2 Série3 Série4 Série5 Série6 Série Efficiency Improvements Fuel Mix Ren ewab le s Hy drog en Carbn Cpture and Storage Efficiency Nu c lea r CCS Fonte IEA, Energy Technology Perspectives: Scenarios and Strategies to 2050, 2006

22 Brazilian Hydrotermic Electric System Coal is not in base load, low CO 2 for the integrated electric system for the total energy production. Coal is flexible, can be stored system. and maximize the electric At this moment, there is a market to Export Electricity to Uruguai and Argentina - Coal Power is helping. Brazil is so dependent from hydropower, climate change effects can change the rain regime and cause problems to the security of electricity supply. Back up fossil might be important in the future, and coal can play a important role.

23 Brazil fossil fuels perspectives Problems to make new hydro permitting process. difficult and long Constrains to supply natural gas to South of Brazil coal gasification and methane production has an opportunity. Fossil fuels could be a backup for climate change influence in renewable energy systems. There is synergy among Coal and Oil Industries to increase energy security and mitigate climate change. Petrobras has expertise in deep reservoirs to survey and produce oil and gas that may be applied in coal industry. Coal resources underestimated : incomplete inventory.

24 Climate Change The Fossil Strategy Coal, Oil and Gas : sources of CO 2. Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is the route for Climate Change Mitigation and we need to address in a voluntary way. To develop CCS, the fossil industry have common interests: capture (pre and post combustion) and geological storage in depleted oil reservoirs and saline formations or coal seams, with ECBM. Map the CO 2 sinks and sources (ex. coal seams). We should work in an integrated view to maximize resources

25 Coal Mining GHG Mitigation & CH 4 - CDM project

26 Coal Mining GHG Associação Brasileira do Carvão Mineral Mitigation & CH 4 Copelmi Mineração/RS

27 CO 2 Storage & Geology As we have stopped our geological survey for coal in 1982, it is needed to review all the data under the light of the new technologies and an integrated view. Work to analyze all available data: cartography, geophysics, geological studies, sedimentary rocks characterization associated with the coal seams, etc. We should start a geologic survey project in the Parana Basin, including the continental platform (REMPLAC) looking for information to underground coal gasification, methane production and CCS.

28 Geological Survey for Coal REMPLAC Program Ministry of Marine and Brazilian Geologic Service

29 Brazilian Map for CCS (Petrobras/PUCRS). under development Data Base of sources and sinks in Brazil for CO 2. Localization of power plants oil and coal. CO 2 Sinks Coal Seams the geology survey helps the evaluation of the coal deposits and methane production CBM and ECBM. Capacity Building in CO 2 storage for local conditions Large network with Universities, Industries and R&D Centers under construction.

30 CO 2 Capture Need to choose and adapt or develop technology for Brazilian conditions. Pre - combustion gasification pathway - short term benefits: domestic gas production for the south industrial markets. Technological development for SNG - CTL and for hydrogen common for solids fuels (biomass, petcoke, refineries residues). Pos combustion CO 2 stationary sources. capture studies for other

31 CARBOMETANO The goal: CO 2 Storage and methane production from south Brazilian coal seams. Develop technology of Enhanced Coal Bed Methane CO 2 storage. Ex.: Santa Terezinha Coal Seam: t for 5 seams at depths range from m CBM Potential: 19 Billion m 3 methane estimated first drilling completed. Pilot project to ECBM to be determined after geologic survey.

32 Adapted from RECOPOL

33 Underground Coal Gasification UCG a) Utilize Brazilian deep coal resources and unmineable coal seams. a) Produce clean fuels in a sustainable way CO2 pre capture process. b)provide another source of energy for the Brazilian needs in the future. c) Develop UCG technology for low grade fuels that can turn resources in reserves with competitive advantage around the world.

34 Adapted from LLNL

35 R&D+I & Capacity Building Clean Coal = manage R&D and capacity building programs support from MCT and Industry. Research Centers working in network with international support SATC/SC e PUC/RS Agreements: Central Mining Institute/PO (VAM/ECBM/UCG); Ecole de Mines de Saint Etienne/FR (Mineração/ECBM); NETL/USA (CCS and gasification); MCT : U$ 26 million 2008/2010 SC : Law / => U$ 0,8 million/year

36 CLEAN COAL CENTER - CTCL SATC Criciúma/SC

37 Clean Coal Center- Criciúma/SC

38 Goals Develop technologies for coal mining and utilization in a sustainable way CCS Add value to coal R&D for high value products including CTL to hydrogen Optimized all process related to the coal economic chain Capacity Building for all the technologies Manage the R&D + I resources Knowledge Management Central Increase partnership: CPRM, CETEM, Petrobras, Eletrobras, private companies, universities network

39 Tecnologic Plataform Associação Brasileira do Carvão Mineral Coal ECBM Methane Adapted from: Sotacarbo, IEA/GHG

40 CTCL

41 Galpão para matéria-prima Galpão para matéria-prima Central de utilidades Almoxarifado Vestiários e sanitários m²=114,00m² Capac. 80 pes ,00m² Cantina Capacidade: 150 pessoas Área: 336,00 m2 12 Laboratório Área: 288m² 24 Laboratório Área: 288m² Laboratório Área: 288m² Laboratório Área: 288m² Laboratório Área: 288m² Laboratório Área: 288m² Área de convívio e divulgação de trabalhos A: 360m² Laboratório Área: 288m² Laboratório Área: 288m² Laboratório Área: 288m² Laboratório Área: 288m² Laboratório Área: 288m² Laboratório Área: 288m² 18 Recepção c/ apoio S. reuniões fornecedores Sanitários especiais + M/F Espera A.: 130,00m² Incubadora Area: 1200,00m2

42 Clean Coal Center Criciúma/SC

43 Sala de con fe rê ncias p / 42 pe ssoas S ala de R euniões A :18,67M2 S ala de R euniões A :18,67M2 S ala de R euniões A :18,67M2 S. r eun iões 10 pessoas S ala der euniões A :34.21 m2 S. r eun iões 1 0 p essoas S. r eu niões 10 pessoas S. re un iõ es p/ 28 p esso as S. re un iõ es 1 0 pe sso as S ala de R euniões A:33.54 m2 S ala de R euniões A:27.81M2-68,42 S. reu niõe s p/ 28 p essoa s Banho Fem. A:18,07m2 Espel ho F ixo D epósito A:9,16m2 Copa A :8,60m2 Espel ho F ixo 9 9 B anho F em. A :18,07m B anho Masc. A : 23,85m2 B anho Masc. A : 23,76m2 B anho D eficientes A :4,50m2 B anho D eficientes A:4,50m2 Infor matica A: 23,45m2 Mapoteca A :15,60 m2 Sala de Reuniões A :15,60 m2 Sala de Reuniões A :15,60 m2 Associação Brasileira do Carvão Mineral Estacionamento 124 vagas Galpoes para matéria-prima A = 216,00m2 (2 unidades) Vestiários e sanitários m²=114,00m² Capac. 80 pes. 114,00m² Estacionamento 90 vagas Central de utilidades A.: 220,00m² Cantina Capacidade: 150 pessoas Área: 336,00 m2 Ampliação Cantina Área: 192,00 m2 Laboratório Área: 288m² Laboratório Área: 288m² Laboratório Área: 288m² Laboratório Área: 288m² Laboratório Área: 288m² Laboratório Área: 288m² Área de convívio e divulgação de trabalhos A: 360m² Incubadora Area: 1200,00m2 Laboratório Área: 288m² 24 Laboratório Área: 288m² Laboratório Área: 288m² Laboratório Área: 288m² Laboratório Área: 288m² Laboratório Área: 288m² Recepção c/ apoio S. reuniões fornecedores Sanitários especiais + M/F Espera A.: 130,00m² Area: 336,00m2 Auditório para 1000 pessoas Sanitários M/F Foyer - Recepçâo Total: 2.000,00 m² Acesso de serviços

44 NEW DESIGN GREEN BUILDING Associação Brasileira do Carvão Mineral Eletrobras/UFSC/SATC CTCL PROCEL EDIFICA

45 CCS in Brazil CO 2 Storage Research Center - Petrobrás/PUC/RS

46 Social Responsability - S A T C Associação Brasileira do Carvão Mineral sudents Criciúma/SC

47 EDUCATION ISO Certification

48 EDUCATION children in 4 years

49 KEY POINTS To increase the use of the Brazilian coals it is necessary to address the technology issues regarding the use of low grade coals for conversion into clean fuels. Geologic survey, mining technologies, coal characterization and utilization, environmental technologies and capacity building for all the economic chain, should be done. The need of a new coal industry will lead us to an integrated view of climatechangeless technologies. With this integrated view we can maximize the utilization of the Brazilian Coal Resources. Thus, climate change shall not be a problem for the coal industry in a long term perspective. It can bring the opportunity to give to the Brazilian coal a new scenario.

50 Conclusion High energy demand in the world low offer = high prices => look for domestic energy sources Brazil will need all sources of energy and coal is important. ABCM is compromised to contribute to an sustainable energy security future to Brazil and CCS is the bridge for this the future.

51 When they agree about climate change we should be ready.

52 THANK YOU FOR THE ATTENTION Directions : zancan@carvaomineral.com.br